Mass in B-flat major, K. 275

Last updated
Missa brevis in B-flat major
Mass by W. A. Mozart
Salzburger Dom.jpg
Salzburg Cathedral may have been the first performance venue of the mass.
Catalogue K. 275/272b
Composed1777 (1777): Salzburg
Movements6
Vocal SATB choir and soloists
Instrumental
  • brass
  • strings
  • continuo

The Missa brevis No. 9 in B-flat major by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, K. 275/272b, was probably written before September 1777 for Salzburg. The mass is scored for SATB soloists, SATB choir, violin I, violin II, 3 trombones, string bass, and organ.

Contents

The setting is divided into six movements.

  1. KyrieAllegro, B major, Commontime.svg
  2. GloriaAllegro, B major, 2
    4
  3. CredoAllegro, B major, Commontime.svg
    "Et incarnatus est" Adagio
    "Et resurrexit" Allegro
  4. SanctusAndante, B major, 3
    4
  5. BenedictusAndante, E major, 3
    4
    "Osanna in excelsis" Allegro, B major
  6. Agnus DeiAndante, G minor, Commontime.svg
    "Dona nobis pacem" Allegro, B major, Allabreve.svg

In the Gloria and the Credo, Mozart eschews the traditional concluding fugues. [1] Despite being a missa brevis, the Agnus Dei is very long and there is "a prolonged setting for soloists and choir of 'Dona nobis pacem', ending piano." [1] The Dona nobis is set as a gavotte, "like a vaudeville and has been compared with the specimen of this genre at the end of Die Entführung aus dem Serail ." [2]

The first known performance took place on December 21, 1777, with castrato Francesco Ceccarelli among the soloists singled out for praise for his performance, [3] but David Schildkret has argued [4] that it was more likely composed as early as 1772. Elsewhere church musicians were offended, such as those at Wasserburg am Inn, who found Mozart's setting "an open mockery of the holy text." [2]

Notes

  1. 1 2 p. 390, Sadie (2006) Stanley
  2. 1 2 p. 661, Heartz (1995) Daniel
  3. p. 390, Sadie (2006) Stanley. Oxford Mozart: the Early Years 1756—1781 Oxford University Press. "The castrato sang excellently ... (this was Francesco Ceccarelli, then new to the Salzburg Kapelle)."
  4. "Ave to Vale or Coloredo?", Mozart Society of America newsletter, August 2002

Related Research Articles

<i>Nelson Mass</i> 1798 Mass by Joseph Haydn

The Missa in angustiis, commonly known as the Nelson Mass, is a Mass setting by the Austrian composer Joseph Haydn. It is one of the six masses written near the end of his life that are seen as a culmination of Haydn's composition of liturgical music.

<i>Missa brevis Sancti Joannis de Deo</i>

The Missa brevis Sancti Joannis de Deo, Hob. XXII:7, Novello 8, is a mass in B-flat major by Joseph Haydn. The missa brevis was written around 1774 for the order of the Barmherzige Brüder in Eisenstadt, whose patron saint was John of God. Scored modestly for soprano, four-part mixed choir, two violins, organ and bass, it is known as the Kleine Orgelmesse due to an extended organ solo in the Benedictus movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Missa Sancti Bernardi von Offida</span>

The Missa Sancti Bernardi von Offida is a mass in B-flat major by Joseph Haydn, Hob. XXII:10, Novello 1, was written the same year as the Missa in tempore belli (1796), and it "may have been the first mass Haydn wrote after his return from England." Yet it may also have been the second. It is usually given as Haydn's ninth setting of the mass, though its Hoboken number is XXII:10. This mass was written in honor of St. Bernard of Offida, a Capuchin monk who devoted himself to helping the poor; a century after the monk's death, he was beatified by Pope Pius VI.

The Harmoniemesse in B-flat major by Joseph Haydn, Hob. XXII:14, Novello 6, was written in 1802. It was Haydn's last major work. It is because of the prominence of the winds in this mass and "the German terminology for a kind of wind ensemble, Harmonie," that this mass setting is called "Harmoniemesse" or "Wind Band Mass". Besides flute, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 2 horns in B-flat, 2 trumpets in B-flat, the mass also calls for choir, timpani, strings, and organ, the latter supplying figured bass for most of the duration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in G major, K. 140 "Pastoral"</span>

The Missa brevis in G major, K. 140, K3 Anh. 235d, K6 Anh. C 1.12, was probably composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart shortly after returning to Salzburg, in March 1773, from his third trip to Italy.

Austrian composer, Michael Haydn's Missa Hispanica or Missa a due cori, Klafsky I:17, MH 422, was presumably written for Spain, but there is no evidence of its ever having been performed there during Haydn's lifetime. The mass is scored for 2 oboes, 2 bassoons, 2 horns in low C, F and G, 2 trumpets in C, timpani, strings, basso continuo, SATB soloists, and two mixed choirs.

Michael Haydn completed the Missa in honorem Sanctae Ursulae, Klafsky 1:18, MH 546, on August 5, 1793, probably for use at the ceremony in which Ursula Oswald, the daughter of a friend, professed her religious vows at the Benedictine Abbey of Frauenwörth Chiemsee. Because of that fact, the Mass is sometimes known as the Chiemsee Mass.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in C major, K. 220 "Sparrow"</span>

The Sparrow Mass is a mass in C major K. 220/196b, Mass No. 9, Missa brevis No. 5, composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1775 or 1776 in Salzburg. The mass is sometimes termed a missa brevis et solemnis, because it is short in a simple structure as a missa brevis, but festively scored like a missa solemnis with brass and timpani in addition to four soloists, strings and organ. It was possibly first performed on 7 April 1776 in a mass for Easter at the Salzburg Cathedral. The nickname is derived from violin figures in the Hosanna which resemble bird chirping.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Francis Mass</span>

The St. Francis Mass is the shorter name for the Missa sub titulo Sancti Francisci Seraphici composed by Michael Haydn. He completed it on 16 August 1803, apparently at the request of Empress Maria Theresa for a name day celebration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in C major, K. 259 "Organ solo"</span>

The Missa brevis No. 8 in C major, K. 259, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1776. It is scored for SATB soloists, SATB choir, violin I and II, 2 oboes, 2 clarini, 3 trombones colla parte, timpani and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in C major, K. 167 "in honorem Sanctissimae Trinitatis"</span>

The Missa in honorem Sanctissimae Trinitatis in C major, K. 167, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in June 1773. It is scored for SATB choir, violin I and II, 2 oboes, 2 clarini, 2 trumpets, timpani and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in C major, K. 257 "Credo"</span>

The Credo Mass in C major, K. 257, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1776. It is scored for SATB soloists, SATB choir, violin I and II, 2 oboes, 2 clarini, 3 trombones colla parte and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in C major, K. 66 "Dominicus"</span>

The Missa solemnis in C major, K. 66, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1769. It is scored for SATB soloists and choir, violins I and II, viola, 2 oboes, 2 horns, 2 clarini, 2 trumpets and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in D major, K. 194</span>

The Missa brevis in D major, K. 194/186h, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and completed on 8 August 1774. It is scored for SATB soloists, SATB choir, violin I and II, 3 trombones colla parte, and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in C major, K. 258 "Piccolomini"</span>

The Missa brevis No. 7 in C major, K. 258, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1776. It is scored for SATB soloists, SATB choir, violin I and II, 2 oboes, 2 clarini, 3 trombones colla parte, timpani and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in C major, K. 262 "Missa longa"</span>

The Missa longa in C major, K. 262/246a, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in May 1776. Other sources claim it was composed in May 1775. It is scored for SATB soloists, SATB choir, violin I and II, 2 oboes, 2 horns, 2 clarini, 3 trombones colla parte, timpani and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in D minor, K. 65</span>

The Missa brevis in D minor, K. 65/61a, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and completed on 14 January 1769. It is scored for SATB soloists and choir, violin I and II, 3 trombones colla parte, and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass in G major, K. 49</span>

Mozart's Mass in G major, K. 49/47d), is his first full mass. It is a missa brevis scored for SATB soloists and choir, violin I and II, viola, and basso continuo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass No. 4 (Schubert)</span>

Mass No. 4 in C major, D 452, is a mass composed by Franz Schubert in 1816. It was originally scored for soprano, alto, tenor and bass soloists, SATB choir, violin I and II, and basso continuo. It is classified as a missa solemnis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mass No. 6 (Schubert)</span>

Mass No. 6 in E-flat major, D 950, is a mass composed by Franz Schubert, a few months before his death. It is scored for two tenor soloists, soprano, alto and bass soloists, SATB choir with divisi, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, timpani, violin I and II, viola, cello, and double bass. It was Schubert's final setting of the order of Mass, and is classified as a missa solemnis.

References