| Exsultate, jubilate | |
|---|---|
| Motet by W. A. Mozart | |
 Mozart in the 1770s | |
| Catalogue | K. 165 |
| Language | Latin |
| Composed | 1773: Milan |
| Performed | 17 January 1773 |
| Movements | 4 |
| Scoring |
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Exsultate, jubilate (Exult, rejoice), K. 165, is a 1773 motet by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
This religious solo motet was composed when Mozart was staying in Milan [1] : 25 [2] during the production of his opera Lucio Silla which was being performed there in the Teatro Regio Ducale. It was written for the castrato Venanzio Rauzzini, [3] [4] who had sung the part of the primo uomo Cecilio in Lucio Silla the previous year. [5] While waiting for the end of the run (from 26 December 1772 to 25 January 1773), Mozart composed the motet for his singer, whose technical excellence he admired. Its first performance took place at the Theatine Church on 17 January 1773, while Rauzzini was still singing in Mozart's opera at night. [6] Mozart made some revisions around 1780. [7] On 30 May 1779, a Trinity Sunday, a revised version was performed by Francesco Ceccarelli at the Holy Trinity Church, Salzburg. Another revised version was intended for Christmas. The manuscripts of the two Salzburg versions were discovered in 1978 in St. Jakob, Wasserburg am Inn. [2] In modern times, the motet is usually sung by a female soprano.
| External audio | |
|---|---|
 Performance by Kiri Te Kanawa, London Symphony Orchestra, Colin Davis conducting (1971); via Internet Archive |
It has four sections:
Musicologist Stanley Sadie called the final section, "Alleluia", "a jewel of a piece with its high spirits and its wit ... like no other piece of Mozart's; its music speaks unmistakably of his relaxed high spirits at the time he wrote it and of the elation and confidence that his opera-house success at brought him". [8]
Although nominally for liturgical use, the motet has many features in common with Mozart's concert arias, such as those drawn from his operas. [9] Mozart also used elements of concerto form in this motet. [1] : 41
The motet is scored for soprano solo, 2 oboes (or 2 flutes), bassoon, 2 horns in F, organ, 1st and 2nd violins and violas, cello, and double bass.
The occasionally divided viola section gives the orchestra a richer sound. [10] This is something Mozart did more often, for example in his Sinfonia Concertante KV 364 in E-flat major for violin, viola and orchestra.
Written in Latin, the author of the text is unknown but may have been Rauzzini. [11]
Exsultate, jubilate, | Rejoice, resound with joy, |
Fulget amica dies, | The friendly day shines forth, |
Tu virginum corona, | You, o crown of virgins, |
| Alleluja, alleluja! [2] | |
The text of the first Salzburg version differs in the first and second section. [2]
Exsultate, jubilate, | Rejoice, resound with joy, |
Tandem advenit hora, | At last the hour has come |
The second Salzburg version differs from the previous only in the first section. [2]
Exsultate, jubilate, | Rejoice, resound with joy, |
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition resulted in more than 800 works of virtually every Western classical genre of his time. Many of these compositions are acknowledged as pinnacles of the symphonic, concertante, chamber, operatic, and choral repertoire. Mozart is widely regarded as among the greatest composers in the history of Western music, with his music admired for its "melodic beauty, its formal elegance and its richness of harmony and texture".
Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K. 525, is a 1787 composition for a chamber ensemble by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791). The German title means "a little night music". The work is written for an ensemble of two violins, viola, cello and double bass, but is often performed by string orchestras. The serenade is one of Mozart's most famous works.
The Symphony No. 25 in G minor, K. 183/173dB, was written by the then 17-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in October 1773, shortly after the success of his opera seria Lucio Silla. It was supposedly completed in Salzburg on October 5, a mere two days after the completion of his Symphony No. 24, although this remains unsubstantiated. Its first movement was used as the opening music in Miloš Forman's film biographical Amadeus.
The piece of music once known as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Symphony No. 2 in B♭ major, K. 17, is now considered to be not by him, but by possibly his father, Leopold Mozart. This symphony has been given the number Anhang C 11.02 in the sixth edition of Ludwig Ritter von Köchel's catalogue of Mozart's music, and is now also catalogued as Eisen B♭ 6 in Cliff Eisen's catalogue of Leopold Mozart's symphonies. It was written for 2 oboes, 2 horns in B♭, and a string section.
Symphony No. 35 in D major, K. 385, also known as the Haffner Symphony, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1782. It was commissioned by the Haffners, a prominent Salzburg family, for the occasion of the ennoblement of Sigmund Haffner the Younger. The Haffner Symphony should not be confused with the eight-movement Haffner Serenade, another piece Mozart wrote on commission from the same family in 1776.
Lucio Silla, K. 135, is an Italian opera seria in three acts composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart at the age of 16. The libretto was written by Giovanni de Gamerra, revised by Pietro Metastasio.
The Nannerl Notenbuch, or Notenbuch für Nannerl is a book in which Leopold Mozart, from 1759 to about 1764, wrote pieces for his daughter, Maria Anna Mozart, to learn and play. His son Wolfgang also used the book, in which his earliest compositions were recorded. The book contains simple short keyboard pieces, suitable for beginners; there are many anonymous minuets, some works by Leopold, and a few works by other composers including Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach and the Austrian composer Georg Christoph Wagenseil. There are also some technical exercises, a table of intervals, and some modulating figured basses. The notebook originally contained 48 bound pages of music paper, but only 36 pages remain, with some of the missing 12 pages identified in other collections. Because of the simplicity of the pieces it contains, the book is often used to provide instruction to beginning piano players.
The Symphony No. 28 in C major, K. 200/189k, by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is his last piece in the "Salzburg series". The date of composition is uncertain; it probably dates from 17 or 12 November 1774 or 1773.
"Conservati fedele" is a concert aria for soprano and orchestra by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Between 1769 and 1773, the young Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and his father Leopold Mozart made three Italian journeys. The first, an extended tour of 15 months, was financed by performances for the nobility and by public concerts, and took in the most important Italian cities. The second and third journeys were to Milan, for Wolfgang to complete operas that had been commissioned there on the first visit. From the perspective of Wolfgang's musical development the journeys were a considerable success, and his talents were recognised by honours which included a papal knighthood and memberships in leading philharmonic societies.
Venanzio Rauzzini was an Italian castrato, composer, pianist, singing teacher and concert impresario. He is said to have first studied singing under a member of the Sistine Chapel Choir. He was a cantante soprano at the Socio Accademico of the Accademia di Santa Cecilia in Rome. He studied with Giuseppe Santarelli in Rome. Though unlikely, it has been suggested that Rauzzini may not in fact have been a castrato, but rather had an endocrine condition that prevented his voice from breaking, hence his many affairs as he was thought to be "safe". That said, scholars such as Paul Rice and Brianna Robertson-Kirkland refute this idea.
Francesco Ceccarelli was a castrato soprano known for his grace and excellent singing technique.
The Missa brevis in G major, K. 140, K3 Anh. 235d, K6 Anh. C 1.12, was probably composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart shortly after returning to Salzburg, in March 1773, from his third trip to Italy.
The Milanese Quartets, K. 155–160, are a set of six string quartets composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in late 1772 and early 1773 when he was sixteen and seventeen years old. They are called 'Milanese' because Mozart composed them in Milan while he was working on his opera Lucio Silla. Before this set was composed, Mozart had written one earlier string quartet, so these six quartets are numbered from No. 2 to No. 7. The quartets are written in a plan of keys of D–G–C–F–B♭–E♭ following the circle of fourths.
The Symphony in F major "No. 43", K. 76/42a, was probably written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
The Symphony in D major, K. 135+61h, was probably composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1772. The first, second, and fourth movements are from the overture to the opera Lucio Silla, K. 135, and the third movement, the minuet K. 61h No. 3, was composed separately.
The Missa in honorem Sanctissimae Trinitatis in C major, K. 167, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in June 1773. It is scored for SATB choir, violin I and II, 2 oboes, 2 clarini, 2 trumpets, timpani and basso continuo.
The Missa brevis in D major, K. 194/186h, is a mass composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and completed on 8 August 1774. It is scored for SATB soloists, SATB choir, violin I and II, 3 trombones colla parte, and basso continuo.
Mozart: Grosse Messe c-moll KV 427 is an 86-minute live video album of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Christian vocal works Great Mass in C minor, Ave verum corpus and Exsultate, jubilate, performed by Arleen Auger, Cornelius Hauptmann, Frank Lopardo, Frederica von Stade, the Bavarian Radio Symphony Chorus and the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Leonard Bernstein. Deutsche Grammophon issued it on VHS video cassette, Laserdisc and DVD, and also released audio cassette and CD versions of its soundtrack.
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