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Methanobacteriales is an order of archaeans in the class Methanobacteria. Species within this order differ from other methanogens in that they can use fewer catabolic substrates and have distinct morphological characteristics, lipid compositions, and RNA sequences. Their cell walls are composed of pseudomurein. Most species are Gram-positive with rod-shaped bodies and some can form long filaments. Most of them use formate to reduce carbon dioxide, but those of the genus Methanosphaera use hydrogen to reduce methanol to methane.
In taxonomy, the Methanococcales are an order of the Methanococci.
In the taxonomy of microorganisms, the Methanomicrobiales are an order of the Methanomicrobia. Methanomicrobiales are strictly carbon dioxide reducing methanogens, using hydrogen or formate as the reducing agent. As seen from the phylogenetic tree based on 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project the family Methanomicrobiaceae is highly polyphyletic within the Methanomicrobiales.
Methanosarcinales is an order of archaeans in the class Methanomicrobia.
In taxonomy, the Methanocaldococcaceae are a family of microbes within the order Methanococcales. It contains two genera, the type genus Methanocaldococcus and Methanotorris. These species are coccoid in form, neutrophilic to slightly acidophilic, and predominantly motile, and they have a very short generation period, from 25 to 45 minutes under optimal conditions. They produce energy exclusively through the reduction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen. Some species have been found in marine hydrothermal vents.
In taxonomy, the Methanocorpusculaceae are a family of microbes within the order Methanomicrobiales. It contains exactly one genus, Methanocorpusculum. The species within Methanocorpusculum were first isolated from anaerobic digesters and anaerobic wastewater treatment plants. In the wild, they prefer freshwater environments. Unlike many other methanogenic archaea, they do not require high temperatures or extreme salt concentrations to live and grow.
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Methanocaldococcus formerly known as Methanococcus is a genus of coccoid methanogen archaea. They are all mesophiles, except the thermophilic M. thermolithotrophicus and the hyperthermophilic M. jannaschii. The latter was discovered at the base of a “white smoker” chimney at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise and it was the first archaean genome to be completely sequenced, revealing many novel and eukaryote-like elements.
In taxonomy, Methanohalophilus is a genus of the Methanosarcinaceae.
In taxonomy, Methanosalsum is a genus of microbes within the family Methanosarcinaceae. This genus contains two species.
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Methanosphaera is a genus of microbes within the family Methanobacteriaceae. It was distinguished from other genera within Methanobacteriaceae in 1985 on the basis of the oligonucleotide sequence of its 16S RNA. Like other archaea within Methanobacteriaceae, those of Methanosphaera are methanogens, but while most use formate to reduce carbon dioxide, those of Methanosphaera use hydrogen to reduce methanol to methane.
In taxonomy, Methanotorris is a genus of the Methanocaldococcaceae. The organisms in this genus differ from those of Methanothermococcus in that they are hyperthermophiles and from those of Methanocaldococcus in that they have no flagella, are not motile, and do not require selenium to grow. These microbes have not been shown to cause any illnesses.
Methanocalculus is a genus of the Methanomicrobiales, and is known to include methanogens.
References
- ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Methanothermococcus. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2007-03-19.
- ↑ David R. Boone; Richard W. Castenholz, eds. (2012-01-13). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 1 (2 ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 242. ISBN 978-0387216096 . Retrieved 2016-09-04.
