List of Archaea genera

Last updated

This article lists the genera of the Archaea. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). [2] However, in the List provided below, GTDB has precedence unless otherwise noted.

Contents

Phylogeny

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy was initially used to decorate the genome tree via tax2tree. The 16S rRNA-based Greengenes taxonomy is used to supplement the taxonomy particularly in regions of the tree with no cultured representatives. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is used as the primary taxonomic authority for establishing naming priorities. Taxonomic ranks are normalised using phylorank and the taxonomy manually curated to remove polyphyletic groups. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Cladogram was taken from the GTDB release 08-RS214 (28th April 2023). [8] [9] [10] The position of clades with a "question mark" are based on the additional phylogeny of the 16S rRNA-based LTP_12_2021 by The All-Species Living Tree Project. [11] [12] [13]

Archaea

"Undinarchaeota"

"Huberarchaeaota"

"Aenigmarchaeota"

"Nanohalarchaeota"

"Nanoarchaeota"

"Altarchaeota"

"Iainarchaeota"

"Micrarchaeota"

"Hadarchaeota"

Methanobacteriota_B

"Methanomada"

"Hydrothermarchaeota"

"Methanobacteriota"

"Neoeuryarchaeota"

"Thermoplasmatota"

"Halobacteriota"

"Proteoarchaeota"

"Asgardaeota"

Thermoproteota

Phylum "Microcaldota"

Class "Microcaldia"

Order "Microcaldales"

  • Family "Microcaldaceae" Sakai et al. 2022

Phylum "Undinarchaeota"

Class "Undinarchaeia"

Order "Undinarchaeales"

  • Family "Naiadarchaeaceae" Dombrowski et al. 2020
  • Family "Undinarchaeaceae" Dombrowski et al. 2020

Phylum "Altarchaeota"

Class "Altarchaeia"

Order "Altarchaeales"

  • Family "Altarchaeaceae" corrig. Probst et al. 2014

Phylum "Iainarchaeota"

Class "Iainarchaeia"

Order "Forterreales"

  • Family "Forterreaceae" Pallen, Rodriguez-R & Alikhan 2022
    • "Candidatus Forterrea" Probst & Banfield 2017

Order "Iainarchaeales"

  • Family "Iainarchaeaceae" Rinke et al. 2020

Phylum "Micrarchaeota"

Phylogeny of Micrarchaeota [8] [9] [10]
"Norongarragalinales"

"Ca. Norongarragalina"

"Micrarchaeales"
"Micrarchaeaceae"

"Ca. Mancarchaeum"

"Ca. Micrarchaeum"

"Anstonellales"
"Anstonellaceae"

"Ca. Anstonella"

"Bilamarchaeaceae"

"Ca. Bilamarchaeum"

"Fermentimicrarchaeales"

"Ca. Fermentimicrarchaeum"

"Burarchaeales"

"Ca. Burarchaeum"

"Gugararchaeales"

"Ca. Gugararchaeum"

Class "Micrarchaeia"

Order "Norongarragalinales"

  • Family "Norongarragalinaceae" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021

Order "Micrarchaeales"

  • Family "Micrarchaeaceae" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021

Order "Anstonellales"

  • Family "Anstonellaceae" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021
    • "Candidatus Anstonella" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021
  • Family "Bilamarchaeaceae" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021

Order "Fermentimicrarchaeales"

  • Family "Fermentimicrarchaeaceae" Kadnikov et al. 2020 (Sv326)

Order "Burarchaeales"

  • Family "Burarchaeaceae" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021

Order "Gugararchaeales"

  • Family "Gugararchaeaceae" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021

Phylum "Huberarchaeaota"

Class "Huberarchaeia"

Order "Huberarchaeales"

  • Family "Huberarchaeaceae" Rinke et al. 2020

Phylum "Aenigmatarchaeota"

Class "Aenigmatarchaeia"

Order "Aenigmatarchaeales"

  • Family "Aenigmatarchaeaceae" corrig. Rinke et al. 2020

Phylum "Nanohalarchaeota"

Phylogeny of Nanohalobiaceae [8] [9] [10]

"Candidatus Nanosalinicola"

"Candidatus Nanosalina"

"Candidatus Nanohalobium"

Class "Nanohalarchaeia"

Order "Nanohalarchaeales"

  • Family "Nanohalarchaeaceae"

Class "Nanohalobiia"

Order "Nanohalobiales"

  • Family "Nanoanaerosalinaceae" Zhao et al. 2022
  • Family "Nanohalalkaliarchaeaceae" La Cono et al. 2020
  • Family "Nanohalobiaceae" La Cono et al. 2020

Phylum "Nanoarchaeota"

Phylogeny of "Nanoarchaeota" [8] [9] [10]
"Nanoarchaeia"
"Nanoarchaeales"
"Nanoarchaeaceae"

" Nanoarchaeum "

"Nanopusillaceae"

"Ca. Nanoclepta"

"Ca. Nanopusillus"

"Pacearchaeales"

"Woesearchaeales"

"Tiddalikarchaeales"

"Ca. Tiddalikarchaeum"

"Parvarchaeales"

"Ca. Parvarchaeum"

Class "Nanoarchaeia"

Nanoarchaeia incertae sedis

Order "Nanoarchaeales"

  • Family "Nanoarchaeaceae" Huber et al. 2011
  • Family "Nanopusillaceae" Huber et al. 2011
    • Nanobdella Kato et al. 2022
    • "Candidatus Nanoclepta" St. John et al. 2019
    • "Candidatus Nanopusillus" Wurch et al. 2016 ["Candidatus Nanobsidianus" Castelle et al. 2015]

Order "Tiddalikarchaeales"

  • Family "Tiddalikarchaeaceae" Vázquez-Campos et al. 2021

Order "Parvarchaeales"

Phylum "Asgardaeota"

Phylogeny of Asgardaeota [8] [9] [10]
"Sifarchaeia"

"Borrarchaeales"

"Sifarchaeales"

"Wukongarchaeia"

"Wukongarchaeales"

"Heimdallarchaeia"

"Hodarchaeales"

"Gerdarchaeales"

"Kariarchaeales"

"Heimdallarchaeales"

"Jordarchaeia"

"Jordarchaeales"

"Baldrarchaeia"

"Baldrarchaeales"

"Thorarchaeia"

"Thorarchaeales"

"Odinarchaeia"

"Odinarchaeales"

"Hermodarchaeia"

"Hermodarchaeales"

"Lokiarchaeia"

"Helarchaeales"

"Lokiarchaeales"

Asgardaeota incertae sedis

Class "Sifarchaeia"

Order "Borrarchaeales"

  • Family "Borrarchaeaceae" Liu et al. 2021

Order "Sifarchaeales"

  • Family "Sifarchaeaceae" Sun et al. 2021
    • "Candidatus Sifarchaeum" corrig. Farag, Zhao & Biddle 2020

Class "Wukongarchaeia"

Order "Wukongarchaeales"

  • Family "Wukongarchaeaceae" Liu et al. 2021

Class "Heimdallarchaeia"

Order "Hodarchaeales"

  • Family "Hodarchaeaceae" Liu et al. 2021

Order "Gerdarchaeales"

Order "Kariarchaeales"

  • Family "Kariarchaeaceae" Liu et al. 2021

Order "Heimdallarchaeales"

Class "Jordarchaeia"

Order "Jordarchaeales"

  • Family "Jordarchaeaceae" Sun et al. 2021

Class "Baldrarchaeia"

Order "Baldrarchaeales"

  • Family "Baldrarchaeaceae" corrig. Liu et al. 2021

Class "Thorarchaeia"

Order "Thorarchaeales"

Class "Odinarchaeia"

Order "Odinarchaeales"

  • Family "Odinarchaeaceae" Tamarit et al. 2022

Class "Hermodarchaeia"

Order "Hermodarchaeales"

  • Family "Hermodarchaeaceae" corrig. Liu et al. 2021

Class "Lokiarchaeia"

Order "Helarchaeales"

Order "Sigynarchaeales"

Order "Lokiarchaeales"

In GTDB as order CR-4

  • Family "Lokiarchaeaceae" Vanwonterghem et al. 2016
    •  ?"Candidatus Lokiarchaeum" corrig. Spang et al. 2015 (MBGB, DSAG)
  • Family "Prometheoarchaeaceae" Pallen, Rodriguez-R & Alikhan 2022 [17] ("MK-D1")

Phylum "Thermoproteota"

Phylogeny of Thermoproteota [8] [9] [10]
"Korarchaeia"

"Korarchaeales"

"BAT"

"Bathyarchaeia"

Nitrososphaeria_A

"Caldarchaeales"

Nitrososphaeria

"Geothermarchaeales"

Conexivisphaerales

Nitrososphaerales

"Sulfobacteria"
"Methanomethylicia"

"Nezhaarchaeales"

"Methanomethylicales"

"Thermoproteia"

"Gearchaeales"

"Thermofilales"

Thermoproteales

"Sulfolobia"

"Marsarchaeales"

Sulfolobales

Thermoproteota Incertae sedis

Class "Korarchaeia"

Order "Korarchaeales"

Class "Bathyarchaeia"

Order "Bathyarchaeales"

  • Family "Bathyarchaeaceae" Khomyakova et al. 2023

Order "Hecatellales"

  • Family "Hecatellaceae" Rinke et al. 2020

MCG6

Class Nitrososphaeria_A

Order "Caldarchaeales"

Phylogeny of Nitrososphaeria_A [8] [9] [10]
"Caldarchaeales"
"Caldarchaeaceae"

"Ca. Calditenuis"

"Wolframiiraptoraceae"

"Ca. Terraquivivens"

"Ca. Geocrenenecus"

"Ca. Benthortus"

"Ca. Wolframiiraptor"

  • Family "Caldarchaeaceae" Rinke et al. 2020

Class Nitrososphaeria

Nitrososphaeria Incertae sedis

Order "Geothermarchaeales"

Order "Conexivisphaerales"

  • Family "Conexivisphaeraceae" Kato et al. 2021 (THSC Group)

Order Nitrososphaerales

Phylogeny of Nitrososphaerales [8] [9] [10]
"Nitrosocaldaceae"

"Ca. Nitrosothermus"

"Ca. Nitrosocaldus"

Nitrososphaeraceae

"Ca. Nitrosocosmicus"

"Ca. Nitrosopolaris"

Nitrososphaera

Nitrosopumilaceae

"Ca. Nitrosotalea"

"Ca. Nitrosotenuis"

"Ca. Nitrosopelagicus"

" Cenarchaeum "

Nitrosarchaeum

Nitrosopumilus

Class "Culexarchaeia"

Order "Culexarchaeles"

  • Family "Culexarchaeaceae" Kohtz et al. 2022 ["Methanomediaceae" Berghuis et al. 2019]
    •  ?"Candidatus Culexarchaeum" Kohtz et al. 2022 ["Candidatus Methanomedium" Berghuis et al. 2019]
  • Family "Culexmicrobiaceae" Kohtz et al. 2022

Class "Methanomethylicia"

Methanomethylicia incertae sedis

  • Order "Methanohydrogenicales"
    • Family "Methanohydrogenicaceae" Berghuis et al. 2019
  • Order "Methanomethylarchaeales"
    • Family "Methanomethylarchaeceae" corrig. Hua et al. 2019
  • Order "Methanomethylovorales"
    • Family "Methanomethylovoraceae" Hua et al. 2019

Order "Nezhaarchaeales"

Order "Methanomethylicales"

  • Family "Candidatus Methanomethylicaceae" corrig. Vanwonterghem et al. 2016

Class Thermoproteia

Order "Gearchaeales"

Order Thermofilales

Order Thermoproteales

Phylogeny of Thermoproteales [8] [9] [10]
Thermoproteaceae

Thermoproteus

Pyrobaculum

"Thermocladiaceae"

Caldivirga

Thermocladium

Vulcanisaeta

Class "Sulfolobia"

Order "Marsarchaeales"

Order Sulfolobales

Phylogeny of Sulfolobales [8] [9] [10]
Desulfurococcaceae

Staphylothermus

Thermogladius

? Sulfophobococcus

Thermosphaera

Desulfurococcus

Fervidicoccaceae

Fervidicoccus

Pyrodictiaceae

Pyrolobus

Hyperthermus

Pyrodictium

"Ignicoccaceae"

Ignicoccus

Acidilobaceae

? Stetteria

? Thermodiscus

Aeropyrum

Caldisphaera

Acidilobus

"Ignisphaeraceae"

Ignisphaera

"Zestosphaeraceae"

Zestosphaera

Sulfolobaceae

Sulfodiicoccus

Sulfurisphaera

Stygiolobus

Sulfolobus

Sulfuracidifex

Saccharolobus

Metallosphaera

Acidianus brierleyi

"Ca. Aramenus"

Acidianus

Phylum "Hadarchaeota"

Class "Persephonarchaeia"

Class "Hadarchaeia"

Order "Hadarchaeales"

Phylum Methanobacteriota_B

Phylogeny of Methanobacteriota_B [8] [9] [10]
Thermococci
"Methanofastidiales"

"Ca. Methanofastidiosum"

"Methanofastidiosaceae"
Thermococcales

Palaeococcus

Thermococcus species-group 3

Thermococcus species-group 2

Pyrococcus

Thermococcus

Thermococcaceae

Class "Theionarchaeia"

Class Thermococci

Order "Methanofastidiosales"

  • Family "Methanofastidiosaceae" Rinke et al. 2020

Order Thermococcales

Phylum "Hydrothermarchaeota"

Class "Hydrothermarchaeia"

Order "Hydrothermarchaeales"

  • Family "Hydrothermarchaeaceae" Chuvochina et al. 2019

Phylum "Methanobacteriota"

Phylogeny of Methanobacteriota [8] [9] [10]
Methanopyri
Methanopyraceae

Methanopyrus

Methanopyrales
Methanococci
Methanocaldococcaceae

Methanocaldococcus

Methanococcaceae

Methanotorris

Methanofervidicoccus

Methanococcus aeolicus

Methanothermococcus okinawensis

Methanothermococcus

Methanococcus

Methanococcales
Methanobacteria
Methanothermaceae

Methanothermus

Methanothermobacteraceae_A

Methanothermobacter species-group 2

"Methanothermobacteraceae"

Methanothermobacter

Methanobacteriaceae

Methanobacterium alcaliphilum

Methanobrevibacter

Methanobacterium species-group 2

Methanosphaera

Methanobacterium

Methanobacteriales

Class Methanopyri

Order Methanopyrales

Class Methanococci

Order Methanococcales

Class Methanobacteria

Order Methanobacteriales

Phylum "Thermoplasmatota"

Phylogeny of Thermoplasmatota [8] [9] [10]
"Izemarchaea"

"Thermoprofundales"

"Poseidoniia"

MGIII

"Poseidoniales"

Thermoplasmata

"Natronoplasmatales"

"Proteinoplasmatales" (SG8-5)

"Gimiplasmatales"

"Sysuiplasmatales"

Methanomassiliicoccales

"Aciduliprofundales"

"Thermoplasmatales"

Thermoplasmatota incertae sedis

Order "Yaplasmatales"

Class "Izemarchaea"

Order "Thermoprofundales"

  • (MBG-D, E2)

Class "Poseidoniia"

Order MGIII

Order "Poseidoniales"

  • Family "Poseidoniaceae" corrig. Rinke et al. 2019
  • Family "Thalassarchaeaceae" corrig. Rinke et al. 2019

Class Thermoplasmata

Order "Lunaplasmatales"

  • Family "Lunaplasmataceae" Zinke et al. 2021

Order "Natronoplasmatales"

Phylogeny of Natronoplasmatales [8] [9] [10]

"Candidatus Haladaptiplasma"

"Candidatus Natronoplasma"

"Candidatus Saliniplasma"

Order "Proteinoplasmatales"

  • (SG8-5)

Order "Gimiplasmatales"

  • Family "Gimiplasmataceae" Hu et al. 2020

Order "Sysuiplasmatales"

  • Family "Sysuiplasmataceae" Yuan et al. 2021

Order Methanomassiliicoccales

Phylogeny of Methanomassiliicoccales [8] [9] [10]
Methanomassiliicoccaceae

Methanomassiliicoccus

Methanomethylophilaceae"

"Candidatus Methanarcanum"

"Candidatus Methanomethylophilus"

"Candidatus Methanogranum"

"Candidatus Methanoplasma"

Order "Aciduliprofundales"

  • Family "Aciduliprofundaceae" Rinke et al. 2020

Order Thermoplasmatales

Phylogeny of Thermoplasmatales [8] [9] [10]

Thermoplasma

Cuniculiplasma

Thermogymnomonas

Picrophilus

Acidiplasma

Ferroplasma

Phylum "Halobacteriota"

Phylogeny of Halobacteriota [8] [9] [10]
Archaeoglobi

Archaeoglobales

"Methanoliparia"

"Methanoliparales"

"Syntropharchaeia"

"Syntropharchaeales"

"Methanocellia"

Methanocellales

"Methanosarcinia"

"Methanotrichales"

Methanosarcinales

"Methanosarcinia_A"

Methanosarcinales_A

"Methanomicrobia"

Methanomicrobiales

Methanonatronarchaeia

Methanonatronarchaeales

Halobacteria

Halobacteriales

Halobacteriota incertae sedis

Order "Methanoflorentales"

  • Family "Methanoflorentaceae" Mondav et al. 2014

Class Archaeoglobi

Phylogeny of Archaeoglobales [8] [9] [10]

Archaeoglobus

Ferroglobus

Geoglobus

Order "Mnemosynellales"

  • Family "Mnemosynellaceae" Adam et al. 2022

Order Archaeoglobales

Class "Methanoliparia"

Order "Methanoliparales"

Class "Syntropharchaeia"

Order "Methanophagales"

  • Family ?"Veteromethanophagaceae" Vulcano et al. 2022
  • Family "Methanophagaceae" Chadwick et al. 2022
  • Family "Methanoxibalbaceae" Laso-Pérez et al. 2022

Order "Syntropharchaeales"

  • Family "Syntropharchaeaceae" corrig. (ANME-2 cluster)

Class "Methanocellia"

Order Methanocellales

  • Family Methanocellaceae Sakai et al. 2008

Class "Methanosarcinia"

Order Methanotrichales

Order Methanosarcinales

Phylogeny of Methanosarcinales [8] [9] [10]
"Methanocomedenaceae"

"Ca. Methanocomedens"

"Ca. Methanomarinus"

"Ethanoperedentaceae"

"Ca. Ethaniperedens"

"Methanoperedentaceae"

"Ca. Methanoperedens"

"Methanogastraceae"

"Ca. Methanogaster"

Methanosarcinaceae

Methanimicrococcus

Methanosarcina

Methanohalobium

Methanosalsum

Methanococcoides

Methanohalophilus

Methanomethylovorans

Methanolobus

Class Methanosarcinia A

Order Methanosarcinales_A

  • Family Methermicoccaceae Cheng et al. 2007

Class Methanomicrobia

Order "Alkanophagales"

  • Family "Alkanophagaceae"

Order Methanomicrobiales

Phylogeny of Methanomicrobiales [8] [9] [10]
Methanocorpusculaceae

Methanocorpusculum

Methanocalculus

"Methanofollaceae"

Methanofollis

"Methanosphaerulaceae"

Methanosphaerula

Methanospirillaceae

Methanospirillum

Methanoregulaceae

Methanolinea

Methanoregula

"Methanoculleaceae"

Methanoculleus

Methanomicrobiaceae

Methanogenium

Methanoplanus

Methanomicrobium

Methanolacinia

Class "Hikarchaeia"

Order "Hikarchaeales"

  • Family "Hikarchaeaceae" Martijn et al. 2020 (MG-IV)

Class "Methanonatronarchaeia"

Order "Methanonatronarchaeales"

Class Halobacteria

Phylogeny of Halobacteria [8] [9] [10]
Halobacteriales
"Haladaptaceae"

Halorussus

? Halomicrococcus

Haladaptatus

Halobacteriaceae

Halanaeroarchaeum

Halodesulfurarchaeum

Salarchaeum

Halocalculus

Halarchaeum

Halobacterium

"Salinarchaeaceae"

Salinarchaeum

"Halostellaceae"

Halostella

"Natronoarchaeaceae"

Natronoarchaeum

Natrialbaceae cont'd

Halococcaceae

Halococcus

Haloarculaceae

Halocatena

Halomarina

Halosegnis

Haloglomus

Natronomonas

Halorientalis

Halapricum

Halococcoides

Halorhabdus

Salinirussus

Salinibaculum

Halovenus

Halosimplex

Halomicrobium

Halomicroarcula

Haloarcula

Halalkalicoccaceae

Halalkalicoccus

Haloferacaceae cont'd

Order "Halorutilales"

  • Family "Halorutilaceae" Durán-Viseras et al. 2023

Order Halobacteriales

Phylogeny of Natrialbaceae [8] [9] [10]

Halorubellus

Haloarchaeobius

Halovivax

Halovarius

Natribaculum

Natronobiforma

Saliphagus

Halostagnicola

Natronococcus

Natrarchaeobius

Salinadaptatus

Natrarchaeobaculum

Halopiger

Halopiger djelfimassiliensis

Natronobacterium

Halobiforma

Natronolimnobius

Natrialba

Natronolimnohabitans

Haloterrigena

Natronorubrum

Natrinema

Phylogeny of Haloferacaceae [8] [9] [10]

Haloplanus

Salinirubrum

Haloprofundus

" Halegenticoccus "

Halogranum

Salinigranum

Haloferax

Halopelagius

Halogeometricum

Haloquadratum

Halobellus

Halobaculum

Halolamina

Halalkalirubrum

" Natronocalculus "

Halohasta

Halonotius

Halalkaliarchaeum

Halopenitus

Haloparvum

Halorubrum

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nanoarchaeota</span> Phylum of archaea

Nanoarchaeota is a proposed phylum in the domain Archaea that currently has only one representative, Nanoarchaeum equitans, which was discovered in a submarine hydrothermal vent and first described in 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhodobacteraceae</span> Family of bacteria

The Rhodobacteraceae are a family of Pseudomonadota in the order Rhodobacterales within the alpha subgroup. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are gram-negative. It contains chemoorganotrophs and photoheterotrophs bacteria. Many occur in aquatic habitats.

Fibrobacterota is a small bacterial phylum which includes many of the major rumen bacteria, allowing for the degradation of plant-based cellulose in ruminant animals. Members of this phylum were categorized in other phyla. The genus Fibrobacter was removed from the genus Bacteroides in 1988.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nitrosopumilales</span> Order of archaea

The Nitrosopumilales are an order of the Archaea class Nitrososphaeria.

The Chloroflexota are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photosynthesis ; and anaerobic halorespirers, which uses halogenated organics as electron acceptors.

Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as Nitrospira, the largest. The first member of this phylum, Nitrospira marina, was discovered in 1985. The second member, Nitrospira moscoviensis, was discovered in 1995.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saccharibacteria</span> Bacterial lineage

Saccharibacteria, formerly known as TM7, is a major bacterial lineage. It was discovered through 16S rRNA sequencing.

Nanohaloarchaea is a clade of diminutive archaea with small genomes and limited metabolic capabilities, belonging to the DPANN archaea. They are ubiquitous in hypersaline habitats, which they share with the extremely halophilic haloarchaea.

The "Aigarchaeota" are a proposed archaeal phylum of which the main representative is Caldiarchaeum subterraneum. It is not yet clear if this represents a new phylum or a Nitrososphaerota order, since the genome of Caldiarchaeum subterraneum encodes several Nitrososphaerota-like features. The name "Aigarchaeota" comes from the Greek αυγή, avgí, meaning "dawn" or "aurora", for the intermediate features of hyperthermophilic and mesophilic life during the evolution of its lineage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parvarchaeota</span> Phylum of archaea

Parvarchaeota is a phylum of archaea belonging to the DPANN archaea. They have been discovered in acid mine drainage waters and later in marine sediments. The cells of these organisms are extremely small consistent with small genomes. Metagenomic techniques allow obtaining genomic sequences from non-cultured organisms, which were applied to determine this phylum.

Hadesarchaea, formerly called the South-African Gold Mine Miscellaneous Euryarchaeal Group, are a class of thermophile microorganisms that have been found in deep mines, hot springs, marine sediments, and other subterranean environments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DPANN</span> A superphylum of Archaea grouping taxa that display various environmental and metabolic features

DPANN is a superphylum of Archaea first proposed in 2013. Many members show novel signs of horizontal gene transfer from other domains of life. They are known as nanoarchaea or ultra-small archaea due to their smaller size (nanometric) compared to other archaea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acidimicrobiia</span> Class of bacteria

The Acidimicrobiia are a class of Actinomycetota, in which three families, eight genera, and nine species have been described, Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans is the type species of the order.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asgard (archaea)</span> Proposed superphylum of archaea

Asgard or Asgardarchaeota is a proposed superphylum consisting of a group of archaea that contain eukaryotic signature proteins. It appears that the eukaryotes, the domain that contains the animals, plants, and fungi, emerged within the Asgard, in a branch containing the Heimdallarchaeota. This supports the two-domain system of classification over the three-domain system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atribacterota</span> Phylum of bacteria

Atribacterota is a phylum of bacteria, which are common in anoxic sediments rich in methane. They are distributed worldwide and in some cases abundant in anaerobic marine sediments, geothermal springs, and oil deposits. Genetic analyzes suggest a heterotrophic metabolism that gives rise to fermentation products such as acetate, ethanol, and CO2. These products in turn can support methanogens within the sediment microbial community and explain the frequent occurrence of Atribacterota in methane-rich anoxic sediments. According to phylogenetic analysis, Atribacterota appears to be related to several thermophilic phyla within Terrabacteria or may be in the base of Gracilicutes. According to research, Atribacterota shows patterns of gene expressions which consists of fermentative, acetogenic metabolism. These expressions let Atribacterota to be able to create catabolic and anabolic functions which are necessary to generate cellular reproduction, even when the energy levels are limited due to the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the areas of sea waters, fresh waters, or ground waters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Candidate phyla radiation</span> A large evolutionary radiation of bacterial candidate phyla and superphyla

The candidate phyla radiation is a large evolutionary radiation of bacterial lineages whose members are mostly uncultivated and only known from metagenomics and single cell sequencing. They have been described as nanobacteria or ultra-small bacteria due to their reduced size (nanometric) compared to other bacteria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NC10 phylum</span> Phylum of bacteria

NC10 is a bacterial phylum with candidate status, meaning its members remain uncultured to date. The difficulty in producing lab cultures may be linked to low growth rates and other limiting growth factors.

There are several models of the branching order of bacterial phyla, one of these is the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB).

References

  1. J.P. Euzéby. "Archaea". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2021-06-27.
  2. Sayers; et al. "Archaea". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2021-03-20.
  3. Parks, DH; Chuvochina, M; Waite, DW; Rinke, C; Skarshewski, A; Chaumeil, PA; Hugenholtz, P (November 2018). "A standardized bacterial taxonomy based on genome phylogeny substantially revises the tree of life". Nature Biotechnology. 36 (10): 996–1004. bioRxiv   10.1101/256800 . doi:10.1038/nbt.4229. PMID   30148503. S2CID   52093100.
  4. Parks, DH; Chuvochina, M; Chaumeil, PA; Rinke, C; Mussig, AJ; Hugenholtz, P (September 2020). "A complete domain-to-species taxonomy for Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Biotechnology. 38 (9): 1079–1086. bioRxiv   10.1101/771964 . doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0501-8. PMID   32341564. S2CID   216560589.
  5. Chaumeil, PA; Mussig, AJ; Hugenholtz, P; Parks, DH (15 November 2019). "GTDB-Tk: a toolkit to classify genomes with the Genome Taxonomy Database". Bioinformatics. 36 (6): 1925–1927. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz848 . PMC   7703759 . PMID   31730192.
  6. Almeida, Alexandre; Nayfach, Stephen; Boland, Miguel; Strozzi, Francesco; Beracochea, Martin; Shi, Zhou Jason; Pollard, Katherine S.; Sakharova, Ekaterina; Parks, Donovan H.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Segata, Nicola; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Finn, Robert D. (20 July 2020). "A unified catalog of 204,938 reference genomes from the human gut microbiome". Nature Biotechnology. 39 (1): 105–114. doi: 10.1038/s41587-020-0603-3 . PMC   7801254 . PMID   32690973.
  7. Nayfach, Stephen; et al. (9 November 2020). "A genomic catalog of Earth's microbiomes". Nature Biotechnology. 39 (4): 499–509. doi: 10.1038/s41587-020-0718-6 . PMC   8041624 . PMID   33169036.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 "GTDB release 08-RS214". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 "ar53_r214.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  11. "The LTP" . Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  12. "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  13. "LTP_12_2021 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  14. 1 2 3 Ruize Xie, Yinzhao Wang, Danyue Huang, Jialin Hou, Liuyang Li, Haining Hu, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Fengping Wang: Expanding Asgard members in the domain of Archaea sheds new light on the origin of eukaryotes. In: Science China Life Sciences, vol. 65, p. 818–829, April 2022. doi:10.1007/s11427-021-1969-6, PMID 34378142. Epub: Aug. 6, 2021. Along with:Njordarchaeota, a new candidate for a sister group to eukaryotes. EurekAlert!, Oct. 20, 2021.
  15. LPSN: Order "Candidatus Freyrarchaeales"
  16. LPSN: Order "Candidatus Njordarchaeales"
  17. 1 2 3 Fabai Wu, Daan R. Speth, Alon Philosof, Antoine Crémière, Aditi Narayanan, Roman A. Barco, Stephanie A. Connon, Jan P. Amend, Igor A. Antoshechkin, Victoria J. Orphan: Unique mobile elements and scalable gene flow at the prokaryote–eukaryote boundary revealed by circularized Asgard archaea genomes. In: Nature Microbiology volume 7, p. 200–212, Jan 13, 2022. doi:10.1038/s41564-021-01039-y, PMID 35027677, PMC   8813620. See also Extended Data Fig. 2.
  18. LPSN: Family "Candidatus Sigynarchaeaceae"