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Nanoarchaeota is a proposed phylum in the domain Archaea that currently has only one representative, Nanoarchaeum equitans, which was discovered in a submarine hydrothermal vent and first described in 2002.
The Korarchaeota is a proposed phylum within the Archaea. The name is derived from the Greek noun koros or kore, meaning young man or young woman, and the Greek adjective archaios which means ancient. They are also known as Xenarchaeota. The name is equivalent to Candidatus Korarchaeota, and they go by the name Xenarchaeota or Xenarchaea as well.
Euryarchaeota is a phylum of archaea. Euryarchaeota are highly diverse and include methanogens, which produce methane and are often found in intestines, halobacteria, which survive extreme concentrations of salt, and some extremely thermophilic aerobes and anaerobes, which generally live at temperatures between 41 and 122 °C. They are separated from the other archaeans based mainly on rRNA sequences and their unique DNA polymerase.
The Thermoprotei is a class of the Thermoproteota.
Archaeoglobaceae are a family of the Archaeoglobales. All known genera within the Archaeoglobaceae are hyperthermophilic and can be found near undersea hydrothermal vents. Archaeoglobaceae are the only family in the order Archaeoglobales, which is the only order in the class Archaeoglobi.
In taxonomy, the Methanopyri are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
In taxonomy, the Thermoplasmata are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
Geoglobus is a hyperthermophilic member of the Archaeoglobaceae within the Euryarchaeota. It consists of two species, the first, G. ahangari, isolated from the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal system located deep within the Gulf of California. As a hyperthermophile, it grows best at a temperature of 88 °C and cannot grow at temperatures below 65 °C or above 90 °C. It possess an S-layer cell wall and a single flagellum. G. ahangari is an anaerobe, using poorly soluble ferric iron (Fe3+) as a terminal electron acceptor. It can grow either autotrophically using hydrogen gas (H2) or heterotrophically using a large number of organic compounds, including several types of fatty acids, as energy sources. G. ahangari was the first archaeon isolated capable of using hydrogen gas coupled to iron reduction as an energy source and the first anaerobe isolated capable of using long-chain fatty acids as an energy source.
Methanobacteria is a class of archaeans in the kingdom Euryarchaeota. Several of the classes of the Euryarchaeota are methanogens and the Methanobacteria are one of these classes.
In taxonomy, the Thermococci are a class of microbes within the Euryarchaeota.
In the taxonomy of microorganisms, the Methanomicrobia are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
Methanococci is a class of methanogenic archaea in the phylum Euryarchaeota. They can be mesophilic, thermophilic or hyperthermophilic.
In taxonomy, the Thermococcales are an order of microbes within the Thermococci. The species within the Thermococcales are used in laboratories as model organisms. All these species are strict anaerobes and can ferment sugars as sources of carbon, but they also need elemental sulfur.
Methanocaldococcus formerly known as Methanococcus is a genus of coccoid methanogen archaea. They are all mesophiles, except the thermophilic M. thermolithotrophicus and the hyperthermophilic M. jannaschii. The latter was discovered at the base of a “white smoker” chimney at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise and it was the first archaean genome to be completely sequenced, revealing many novel and eukaryote-like elements.
In taxonomy, Thermococcus is a genus of thermophilic Archaea in the family the Thermococcaceae.
Pyrococcus abyssi is a hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent in the North Fiji Basin at 2,000 metres (6,600 ft). It is anaerobic, sulfur-metabolizing, gram-negative, coccus-shaped and highly motile. Its optimum growth temperature is 96 °C (205 °F). Its type strain is GE5. Pyrococcus abyssi has been used as a model organism in studies of DNA polymerase. This species can also grow at high cell densities in bioreactors.
"Candidatus Aciduliprofundum boonei" is an obligate thermoacidophilic candidate species of archaea belonging to the phylum "Euryarchaeota". Isolated from acidic hydrothermal vent environments, "Ca. A. boonei" is the first cultured representative of a biogeochemically significant clade of thermoacidophilic archaea known as the "Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Euryarchaeota 2 (DHVE2)".
Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Euryarchaeota 2 (DHVE2) is a lineage of Archaea ubiquitous in hydrothermal vent systems. Members of this clade are widespread in deep-sea hydrothermal environments are believed to be crucial components of microbial communities and hydrothermal ecosystems. Culture independent laboratory techniques have revealed that this group accounts for up to 15% of all archaeal sequences in 16S rRNA gene analyses.
Hippea is an obligate anaerobic and moderately thermophilic bacteria genus from the family of Desulfobacteraceae. Hippea is named after the German microbiologist Hans Hippe.
Asgard or Asgardarchaeota is a proposed superphylum consisting of a group of archaea that contain eukaryotic signature proteins. It appears that the eukaryotes, the domain that contains the animals, plants, and fungi, emerged within the Asgard, in a branch containing the Heimdallarchaeota. This supports the two-domain system of classification over the three-domain system.
References
- ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Aciduliprofundum. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2007-03-19.
- ↑ "Life's extremists may be an untapped source of antibacterial drugs".
- ↑ Flores, GE; Wagner, ID; Liu, Y; Reysenbach, AL (2012). "Distribution, abundance, and diversity patterns of the thermoacidophilic "deep-sea hydrothermal vent euryarchaeota 2"". Frontiers in Microbiology. 3: 47. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00047 . PMC 3282477 . PMID 22363325.
- ↑ Reysenbach, AL; Liu, Y; Banta, AB; Beveridge, TJ; Kirshtein, JD; Schouten, S; Tivey, MK; Von Damm, KL; Voytek, MA (27 July 2006). "A ubiquitous thermoacidophilic archaeon from deep-sea hydrothermal vents" (PDF). Nature. 442 (7101): 444–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..444R. doi:10.1038/nature04921. hdl: 1912/1408 . PMID 16871216. S2CID 4315587.
