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The Thermoproteota are prokaryotes that have been classified as a phylum of the Archaea domain. Initially, the Thermoproteota were thought to be sulfur-dependent extremophiles but recent studies have identified characteristic Thermoproteota environmental rRNA indicating the organisms may be the most abundant archaea in the marine environment. Originally, they were separated from the other archaea based on rRNA sequences; other physiological features, such as lack of histones, have supported this division, although some crenarchaea were found to have histones. Until recently all cultured Thermoproteota had been thermophilic or hyperthermophilic organisms, some of which have the ability to grow at up to 113°C. These organisms stain Gram negative and are morphologically diverse, having rod, cocci, filamentous and oddly-shaped cells.
Rubrobacter is a genus of Actinomycetota. It is radiotolerant and may rival Deinococcus radiodurans in this regard.
Methanococcus is a genus of coccoid methanogens of the family Methanococcaceae. They are all mesophiles, except the thermophilic M. thermolithotrophicus and the hyperthermophilic M. jannaschii. The latter was discovered at the base of a “white smoker” chimney at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise and it was the first archaeal genome to be completely sequenced, revealing many novel and eukaryote-like elements.
Methanobacteriales is an order of archaeans in the class Methanobacteria. Species within this order differ from other methanogens in that they can use fewer catabolic substrates and have distinct morphological characteristics, lipid compositions, and RNA sequences. Their cell walls are composed of pseudomurein. Most species are Gram-positive with rod-shaped bodies and some can form long filaments. Most of them use formate to reduce carbon dioxide, but those of the genus Methanosphaera use hydrogen to reduce methanol to methane.
In taxonomy, the Methanococcales are an order of the Methanococci.
In the taxonomy of microorganisms, the Methanomicrobiales are an order of the Methanomicrobia. Methanomicrobiales are strictly carbon dioxide reducing methanogens, using hydrogen or formate as the reducing agent. As seen from the phylogenetic tree based on 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project the family Methanomicrobiaceae is highly polyphyletic within the Methanomicrobiales.
In taxonomy, the Methanococcaceae are a family of the Methanococcales. These organisms produce methane from formate or through the reduction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen. They live in marshes and other coastal areas. Members of the genus Methanothermococcus have been found in deep-sea hydrothermal vents.
In taxonomy, the Methanocorpusculaceae are a family of microbes within the order Methanomicrobiales. It contains exactly one genus, Methanocorpusculum. The species within Methanocorpusculum were first isolated from anaerobic digesters and anaerobic wastewater treatment plants. In the wild, they prefer freshwater environments. Unlike many other methanogenic archaea, they do not require high temperatures or extreme salt concentrations to live and grow.
In taxonomy, the Methanosarcinaceae are a family of the Methanosarcinales.
In taxonomy, Methanococcoides is a genus of the Methanosarcinaceae.
In taxonomy, Methanimicrococcus is a genus of the Methanosarcinaceae. The members of this genus have been found in pharmaceutical wastewater, and they can contribute to the degradation of organic contaminants.
In taxonomy, Methanohalophilus is a genus of the Methanosarcinaceae.
In taxonomy, Methanolobus is a genus of methanogenic archaea within the Methanosarcinaceae. These organisms are strictly anaerobes and live exclusively through the production of methane, but the species within Methanolobus cannot use carbon dioxide with hydrogen, acetate or formate, only methyl compounds. The cells are irregular coccoid in form and approximately 1 μm in diameter. They do not form endospores. They are Gram negative and only some are motile, via a single flagellum. They are found in lake and ocean sediments that lack oxygen.
In taxonomy, Methanosalsum is a genus of microbes within the family Methanosarcinaceae. This genus contains two species.
Haladaptatus is a genus of halophilic archaea in the family of Halobacteriaceae. The members of Haladaptatus thrive in environments with salt concentrations approaching saturation
Haloterrigena is a genus of the Natrialbaceae.
Natronorubrum is a genus in the family Halobacteriaceae.
Methanocalculus is a genus of the Methanomicrobiales, and is known to include methanogens.
Methanomethylovorans hollandica is a species of methylotrophic methanogen able to grow on dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol. It is the type species of its genus. It is obligately anaerobic. It was the first strictly anaerobic archeaon isolated from freshwater sediments in which dimethyl sulfide is the sole source of carbon. It is not a halophile. It can use methyl compounds as substrates, but it cannot use carbon dioxide or acetate. Because dimethyl sulfide has implications with respect to global warming, this organism may be of considerable importance.
Methanomethylovorans thermophila is a species of thermophilic, methylotrophic methanogenic microbe. It is Gram-negative, and its type strain is L2FAWT. It was isolated from an anaerobic reactor in a laboratory. Its cells are Gram-negative, non-motile, and coccoid in form. It has been found to use methanol and methyl amines as substrates in the production of methane. It cannot use formiate, carbon dioxide with hydrogen, acetate, dimethyl sulfide, methanethiol, or propanol. As its name suggests, it is a thermophile, with an optimal growth temperature of 50 °C.
References
- 1 2 Sayers; et al. "Methanomethylovorans". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
- ↑ B. Jiang; S. N. Parshina; W. van Doesburg; B. P. Lomans; A. J. M. Stams (November 2015). "Methanomethylovorans thermophila sp. nov., a thermophilic, methylotrophic methanogen from an anaerobic reactor fed with methanol". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 55 (6): 2465–2470. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63818-0 . PMID 16280511.
- ↑ J.P. Euzéby. "Methanomethylovorans". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2021-11-17.
- ↑ "The LTP" . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ↑ "LTP_06_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
