| Sulfurisphaera | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Proteoarchaeota |
| Superphylum: | TACK group |
| Phylum: | Thermoproteota |
| Class: | Thermoprotei |
| Order: | Sulfolobales |
| Family: | Sulfolobaceae |
| Genus: | Sulfurisphaera Kurosawa et al. 1998 |
| Type species | |
| Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis Kurosawa et al. 1998 | |
| Species | |
| |
Sulfurisphaera is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.
Sulfurisphaera is a facultatively anaerobic, thermophilic, Gram-negative archaeon that occurs in acidic solfataric fields. The organism grows under the temperature range of 63–92 °C with the optimum temperature at 84 °C, and under the pH range of 1.0–5.0, with an optimum of pH 2.0. It forms colonies that are smooth, roundly convex, and slightly yellow.
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) [2]
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The genome of Sulfurisphaera is yet to be sequenced. The G + C content is estimated to be 30–33%.
The spherical cells of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis are 1.2–1.5 μm in diameter. Thin sections of the organism reveal an envelope (approx. 24 nm) surrounding the cell membrane. It grows organotrophically on proteinaceous, complex substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, and tryptone. Growth was not observed on single sugars or amino acids such as D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, D-xylose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, alanine, glutamate, glycine, and histidine.
The strains of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis were isolated from multiple locations in the acidic hot springs in Ohwaku Valley, Hakone, Japan. [2]
In taxonomy, the Thermoplasmata are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
In taxonomy, the Thermoplasmatales are an order of the Thermoplasmata. All are acidophiles, growing optimally at pH below 2. Picrophilus is currently the most acidophilic of all known organisms, being capable of growing at a pH of -0.06. Many of these organisms do not contain a cell wall, although this is not true in the case of Picrophilus. Most members of the Thermotoplasmata are thermophilic.
In taxonomy, the Picrophilaceae are a family of microbes within Thermoplasmatales.
The Alicyclobacillaceae are a family of Gram-positive bacteria. All members of this family are aerobic and form endospores.
Thermoproteus is a genus of archaeans in the family Thermoproteaceae. These prokaryotes are thermophilic sulphur-dependent organisms related to the genera Sulfolobus, Pyrodictium and Desulfurococcus. They are hydrogen-sulphur autotrophs and can grow at temperatures of up to 95 °C.
Methanococcus is a genus of coccoid methanogens of the family Methanococcaceae. They are all mesophiles, except the thermophilic M. thermolithotrophicus and the hyperthermophilic M. jannaschii. The latter was discovered at the base of a “white smoker” chimney at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise and it was the first archaeal genome to be completely sequenced, revealing many novel and eukaryote-like elements.
In taxonomy, the Methanococcales are an order of the Methanococci.
Desulfurococcaceae are a family of the disc-shaped anaerobic microorganisms belonging to the order Desulfurococcales, in the domain Archaea. Members of this family are distinguished from the other family (Pyrodictiaceae) in the order Desulfurococcales by having an optimal growth temperature below 100 °C, rather than above 100 °C, and by being more diverse. Several genera of the family have been identified.
Sulfolobaceae are a family of the Sulfolobales belonging to the domain Archaea. The family consists of several genera adapted to survive environmental niches with extreme temperature and low pH conditions.
Methanocaldococcus formerly known as Methanococcus is a genus of coccoid methanogen archaea. They are all mesophiles, except the thermophilic M. thermolithotrophicus and the hyperthermophilic M. jannaschii. The latter was discovered at the base of a “white smoker” chimney at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise and it was the first archaean genome to be completely sequenced, revealing many novel and eukaryote-like elements.
In taxonomy, Acidianus is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.
In taxonomy, Metallosphaera is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.
In taxonomy, Natronococcus is a genus of the Natrialbaceae.
The Nautiliaceae are a family of bacteria placed in an order to itself, Nautiliales, or in the order Campylobacterales. The members of the family are all thermophilic.
Microbispora is a Gram-positive, mesophilic, thermophilic and non-motile bacterial genus from the family of Streptosporangiaceae.
Planifilum is a Gram-positive and aerobic bacterial genus from the family of Thermoactinomycetaceae.
Carboxydothermus is a genus of thermophilic, anaerobic bacteria from the family of Thermoanaerobacteraceae.
Hippea is an obligate anaerobic and moderately thermophilic bacteria genus from the family of Desulfobacteraceae. Hippea is named after the German microbiologist Hans Hippe.
Effusibacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic, spore-forming bacteria.
Rhodothermus is a genus of bacteria.
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