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The Thermoproteota are prokaryotes that have been classified as a phylum of the domain Archaea. Initially, the Thermoproteota were thought to be sulfur-dependent extremophiles but recent studies have identified characteristic Thermoproteota environmental rRNA indicating the organisms may be the most abundant archaea in the marine environment. Originally, they were separated from the other archaea based on rRNA sequences; other physiological features, such as lack of histones, have supported this division, although some crenarchaea were found to have histones. Until 2005 all cultured Thermoproteota had been thermophilic or hyperthermophilic organisms, some of which have the ability to grow at up to 113 °C. These organisms stain Gram negative and are morphologically diverse, having rod, cocci, filamentous and oddly-shaped cells. Recent evidence shows that some members of the Thermoproteota are methanogens.
The Thermoprotei is a class of the Thermoproteota.
The Desulfurococcales is an order of the Thermoprotei, part of the kingdom Archaea. The order encompasses some genera which are all thermophilic, autotrophs which utilise chemical energy, typically by reducing sulfur compounds using hydrogen. Desulfurococcales cells are either regular or irregular coccus in shape, with forms of either discs or dishes. These cells can be single, in pairs, in short chains, or in aciniform formation.
Thermoproteales are an order of archaeans in the class Thermoprotei. They are the only organisms known to lack the SSB proteins, instead possessing the protein ThermoDBP that has displaced them. The rRNA genes of these organisms contain multiple introns, which can be homing endonuclease encoding genes, and their presence can impact the binding of "universal" 16S rRNA primers often used in environmental sequencing surveys.
Thermofilaceae are a family of archaea in the order Thermoproteales.
In taxonomy, the Thermoproteaceae are a family of the Thermoproteales.
In taxonomy, Caldivirga is a genus of the Thermoproteaceae.
In taxonomy, Vulcanisaeta is a genus of the Thermoproteaceae.
Acidilobus is a genus of archaea in the family Acidilobaceae.
Aeropyrum is a genus of archaea in the family Desulfurococcaceae.
In taxonomy, Desulfurococcus is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae.
Stetteria is a genus of archaeans in the family Desulfurococcaceae. Up to now there is only one species of this genus known, Stetteria hydrogenophila.
Sulfophobococcus is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae.
Thermodiscus is a genus of archaea in the family Desulfurococcaceae. The only species is Thermodiscus maritimus.
Thermosphaera is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae. They are a group of prokaryotic organisms which have been discovered in extremely hot environments such as sulfur springs, volcanoes, and magma pools. Isolates of Thermosphaera were first identified in 1998 from the Obsidian Pool in Yellowstone National Park.
In taxonomy, Geogemma is a genus of the family Pyrodictiaceae.
In taxonomy, Hyperthermus is a genus of the Pyrodictiaceae.
Pyrolobus is a genus of the Pyrodictiaceae.
Thermofilum is a genus of archaea in the family Thermofilaceae.
Ignisphaera is a genus of the Desulfurococcales. Ignisphaera aggregans is a coccoid- shaped, fourth type strain that is strictly anaerobes with anaerobic respiration. This archaea species are hyperthermophiles that were found in New Zealand's hot springs in Kuirau Park, Rotorua.
References
- ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Thermocladium. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2007-03-19.
