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Halobacteriaceae is a family in the order Halobacteriales and the domain Archaea. Halobacteriaceae represent a large part of halophilic Archaea, along with members in two other methanogenic families, Methanosarcinaceae and Methanocalculaceae. The family consists of many diverse genera that can survive extreme environmental niches. Most commonly, Halobacteriaceae are found in hypersaline lakes and can even tolerate sites polluted by heavy metals. They include neutrophiles, acidophiles, alkaliphiles, and there have even been psychrotolerant species discovered. Some members have been known to live aerobically, as well as anaerobically, and they come in many different morphologies. These diverse morphologies include rods in genus Halobacterium, cocci in Halococcus, flattened discs or cups in Haloferax, and other shapes ranging from flattened triangles in Haloarcula to squares in Haloquadratum, and Natronorubrum. Most species of Halobacteriaceae are best known for their high salt tolerance and red-pink pigmented members, but there are also non-pigmented species and those that require moderate salt conditions. Some species of Halobacteriaceae have been shown to exhibit phosphorus solubilizing activities that contribute to phosphorus cycling in hypersaline environments. Techniques such as 16S rRNA analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization have been major contributors to taxonomic classification in Halobacteriaceae, partly due to the difficulty in culturing halophilic Archaea.
Rubrobacter is a genus of Actinomycetota. It is radiotolerant and may rival Deinococcus radiodurans in this regard.
Methanococcus is a genus of coccoid methanogens of the family Methanococcaceae. They are all mesophiles, except the thermophilic M. thermolithotrophicus and the hyperthermophilic M. jannaschii. The latter was discovered at the base of a “white smoker” chimney at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise and it was the first archaeal genome to be completely sequenced, revealing many novel and eukaryote-like elements.
In taxonomy, the Methanococcales are an order of the Methanococci.
Haladaptatus is a genus of halophilic archaea in the family of Halobacteriaceae. The members of Haladaptatus thrive in environments with salt concentrations approaching saturation
Halalkalicoccus is a genus of the Halobacteriaceae.
Haloarcula is a genus of extreme halophilic Archaea in the class of Halobactaria.
Halobaculum is a genus of the Halorubraceae.
Halobiforma is a genus of halophilic archaea of the family Natrialbaceae.
In taxonomy, Halogeometricum is a genus of the Haloferacaceae.
Halomicrobium is a genus of the Haloarculaceae.
Halopiger is a genus of archaeans in the family Natrialbaceae that have high tolerance to salinity.
In taxonomy, Haloplanus is a genus of the Halobacteriaceae.
Halorhabdus is a genus of halophilic archaea in the Haloarculaceae. With an extremely high salinity optimum of 27% NaCl, Halorhabdus has one of the highest reported salinity optima of any living organism.
In taxonomy, Halosimplex is a genus of the Halobacteriaceae.
Haloterrigena is a genus of the Natrialbaceae.
In taxonomy, Halovivax is a genus of the Natrialbaceae. Some species of Halovivax are halophiles and have been found in Iran's Aran-Bidgol hypersaline lake.
In taxonomy, Natronococcus is a genus of the Natrialbaceae.
Natronomonas is a genus of the Halobacteriaceae.
Natronorubrum is a genus in the family Halobacteriaceae.
References
- 1 2 3 J.P. Euzéby. "Natrinema". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2023-10-10.
- 1 2 Sayers; et al. "Natrinema". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
- ↑ Tindall, B. J. (2003). "Taxonomic problems arising in the genera Haloterrigena and Natrinema". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 53 (Pt 5): 1697–1698. Published online 28 February 2003. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02529-0. PMID 13130070.
- ↑ de la Haba, Rafael; Minegishi, Hiroaki; Kamekura, Masahiro; Shimane, Yasuhiro; Ventosa, Antonio (2021). "Phylogenomics of Haloarchaea: The Controversy of the Genera Natrinema-Haloterrigena". Frontiers in Microbiology. 12: 740909. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.740909 . PMC 8530250 . PMID 34690986.
- ↑ "The LTP" . Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ↑ "LTP_08_2023 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- ↑ "GTDB release 08-RS214". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ↑ "ar53_r214.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ↑ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2023.
