| Aeropyrum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Proteoarchaeota |
| Superphylum: | TACK group |
| Phylum: | Thermoproteota |
| Class: | Thermoprotei |
| Order: | Desulfurococcales |
| Family: | Desulfurococcaceae |
| Genus: | Aeropyrum Sako, Nomura, Uchida, Ishida, Morii, Koga, Hoaki & Maruyama 1996 |
| Type species | |
| Aeropyrum pernix Sako et al. 1996 | |
| Species | |
Aeropyrum is a genus of archaea in the family Desulfurococcaceae. [1]
The name Aeropyrum derives from:
Greek noun aer, aeros (ἀήρ, ἀέρος), air; Greek neuter gender noun pur, fire; Neo-Latin neuter gender noun Aeropyrum, air fire, referring to the hyperthermophilic respirative character of the organism. [2]
The genus contains 2 species (including basonyms and synonyms), namely [2]
The Thermoproteota are prokaryotes that have been classified as a phylum of the Archaea domain. Initially, the Thermoproteota were thought to be sulfur-dependent extremophiles but recent studies have identified characteristic Thermoproteota environmental rRNA indicating the organisms may be the most abundant archaea in the marine environment. Originally, they were separated from the other archaea based on rRNA sequences; other physiological features, such as lack of histones, have supported this division, although some crenarchaea were found to have histones. Until recently all cultured Thermoproteota had been thermophilic or hyperthermophilic organisms, some of which have the ability to grow at up to 113°C. These organisms stain Gram negative and are morphologically diverse, having rod, cocci, filamentous and oddly-shaped cells.
Ignicoccus is a genus of hyperthermophillic Archaea living in marine hydrothermal vents. They were discovered in samples taken at the Kolbeinsey Ridge north of Iceland, as well as at the East Pacific Rise in 2000.
Methanococcus is a genus of coccoid methanogens of the family Methanococcaceae. They are all mesophiles, except the thermophilic M. thermolithotrophicus and the hyperthermophilic M. jannaschii. The latter was discovered at the base of a “white smoker” chimney at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise and it was the first archaeal genome to be completely sequenced, revealing many novel and eukaryote-like elements.
Pyrobaculum is a genus of the Thermoproteaceae.
In taxonomy, Vulcanisaeta is a genus of the Thermoproteaceae.
Acidilobus is a genus of archaea in the family Acidilobaceae.
In taxonomy, Desulfurococcus is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae.
In taxonomy, Staphylothermus is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae.[1]
Stetteria is a genus of archaeans in the family Desulfurococcaceae. Up to now there is only one species of this genus known, Stetteria hydrogenophila.
In taxonomy, Sulfophobococcus is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae.
Thermodiscus is a genus of archaea in the family Desulfurococcaceae. The only species is Thermodiscus maritimus.
Thermosphaera is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae. They are a group of prokaryotic organisms which have been discovered in extremely hot environments such as sulfur springs, volcanoes, and magma pools. Isolates of Thermosphaera were first identified in 1998 from the Obsidian Pool in Yellowstone National Park.
In taxonomy, Hyperthermus is a genus of the Pyrodictiaceae.
Aeropyrum pernix is a species of extremophile archaea in the archaeal phylum Thermoproteota. It is an obligatorily thermophilic species. The first specimens were isolated from sediments in the sea off the coast of Japan.
Guttaviridae is a family of viruses. Archaea serve as natural hosts. There are two genera in this family, containing one species each. The name is derived from the Latin gutta, meaning 'droplet'.
Thermococcus gammatolerans is an archaea extremophile and the most radiation-resistant organism known to exist.
Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase is an enzyme with systematic name geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate transtransferase . This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Palaeococcus ferrophilus is a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney. It cells are irregular cocci and motile with multiple polar flagella.
Thermococcus barophilus is a piezophilic and hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. It is anaerobic and sulfur-metabolising, with type strain MPT.
Spiraviridae is a family of incertae sedis viruses that replicate in hyperthermophilic archaea of the genus Aeropyrum, specifically Aeropyrum pernix. The family contains one genus, Alphaspiravirus, which contains one species, Aeropyrum coil-shaped virus. The virions of ACV are non-enveloped and in the shape of hollow cylinders that are formed by a coiling fiber that consists of two intertwining halves of the circular DNA strand inside a capsid. An appendage protrudes from each end of the cylindrical virion. The viral genome is ssDNA(+) and encodes for significantly more genes than other known ssDNA viruses. ACV is also unique in that it appears to lack its own enzymes to aid replication, instead likely using the host cell's replisomes. ACV has no known relation to any other archaea-infecting viruses, but it does share its coil-like morphology with some other archaeal viruses, suggesting that such viruses may be an ancient lineage that only infect archaea.
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