Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps

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Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps
SP089675 Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps Meudt et al. WELT Te Papa 1174367 228733.jpg
Status NZTCS NV.svg
Nationally Vulnerable (NZ TCS) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Myosotis
Species:
M. pansa
Subspecies:
M. p. subsp. praeceps
Trinomial name
Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps
Meudt, Prebble, R.J.Stanley & Thorsen

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was transferred to a subspecies of M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with partially bracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

Contents

Taxonomy and etymology

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps is in the plant family Boraginaceae. The subspecies was originally described as a variety of Myosotis petiolata in 1961 by Lucy Moore. [2] The plant and others in the genus of Myosotis are colloquially known as forget-me-nots. [3] Plants in the genus are also referred to as Scorpion grass. [4] It was transferred to subspecies rank under Myosotis pansa by (L.B.Moore) Meudt, Prebble, R.J.Stanley and Thorsen in 2013. [5]

The holotype specimen of Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps was collected by Anthony P. Druce in 1972 at Waikawau Beach, and is lodged at the Allan Herbarium of Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research (CHR 208886). [5] [6] [7]

The subspecies epithet, praeceps, is a Latin word with two relevant meanings: 'precipice' (referring to its habitat), and 'danger' (referring to its threatened status). [5]

Based on morphological and genotyping evidence, this is one of two subspecies recognized in M. pansa ; the other is M. pansa subsp. pansa. [5] The subspecies are largely allopatric, as M. pansa subsp. praeceps is found in coastal areas of Waikato and northern Taranaki on the North Island, whereas M. pansa subsp. pansa is found in the Auckland region. [5] In subsp. praeceps the inflorescences are partially bracteate (i.e. there are cauline leaves associated with the lowest 1–3 or up to 9 flowers, whereas in subsp. pansa, the inflorescences are ebracteate (i.e. none of the flowers have associated cauline leaves). [5]

Phylogeny

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps was shown to be a part of the monophyletic southern hemisphere lineage of Myosotis in phylogenetic analyses of standard DNA sequencing markers (nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA regions). [3] Within the southern hemisphere lineage, species relationships were not well resolved. [3] [8]

Multiple individuals Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps were included in two studies that phylogenetically analysed amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). [9] [10] In these analyses, Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps was genetically differentiated from M. pansa subsp. pansa, as well as from other related species, M. petiolata and M. pottsiana . [9] [10]

SP089686 Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps Meudt et al. WELT Te Papa 1174416 232813.jpg

Description

Myosotis pansa plants are rosettes. The rosette leaves have petioles that are 4 to 67 mm long. The rosette leaf blades are 5 to 60 mm long by 4 to 31 mm wide (with a length-to-width ratio of 1.1:1 to 2.1:1), usually narrowly obovate, obovate, broadly obovate, widest at or above the middle, with an obtuse and retuse apex. The upper surface of the leaf is uniformly or patchily covered in straight, appressed, antrorse (forward-facing) hairs. The lower surface of the leaf is glabrous. Each rosette has multiple ascending, once-branched or rarely unbranched partially bracteate inflorescences that are up to 490 mm long. The cauline leaves are similar to the rosette leaves, but become smaller. The flowers are 3 to 95 per inflorescence and each is borne on a short pedicel with or without a bract. The calyx is 2 to 4 mm long at flowering and 3 to 9 mm long at fruiting, lobed to half to most of its length, and sparsely to densely covered in straight to curved, appressed to patent, antrorse hairs. The corolla is white and 4 to 11 mm in diameter, with a cylindrical tube, petals that are usually obovate, broadly obovate or very broadly obovate, and small yellow scales alternating with the petals. The anthers are fully exserted. The four smooth, shiny, usually dark brown nutlets are 1.4 to 2.1 mm long by 1.0 to 1.4 mm wide, and ovoid to broadly ovoid in shape. [11]

Published studies of the pollen and chromosome numbers of several species of Myosotis did not include Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps. [12] [13] [14]

Distribution and habitat

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps is endemic to the North Island of New Zealand in the Auckland region, from sea level to 200 metres (660 ft) above sea level, on coastal cliffs, coastal scrub nearby grassy slopes. [9]

Conservation status

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps is listed as Threatened – Nationally Vulnerable in the most recent assessment (2017–2018) of the New Zealand Threatened Classification for plants. [15]

Related Research Articles

<i>Myosotis pansa <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> pansa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pansa subsp. pansa, also known as the Waitakere forget-me-not, is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was transferred to a subspecies of M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

<i>Myosotis antarctica</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis antarctica is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to mainland New Zealand, Campbell Island and southern Chile. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in his 19th century work Flora Antarctica. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white or blue corollas. It is one of two native species of Myosotis in the New Zealand subantarctic islands, the other being M. capitata, which also has blue corollas.

<i>Myosotis chaffeyorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis chaffeyorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Carlos Lehnebach described the species in 2012. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis bryonoma</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis bryonoma is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis retrorsa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis retrorsa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

Myosotis umbrosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis colensoi</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis colensoi is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Thomas Kirk described the species in 1896. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis lyallii</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis lyallii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1853. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate or partially-bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis lyallii <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> elderi</i>

Myosotis lyalliisubsp. elderi is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Lucy Moore described Myosotis elderi in 1961, and Heidi Meudt and Jessie Prebble treated it as a subspecies of M. lyallii in 2018. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas with partially exserted anthers.

Myosotis lyalliisubsp. lyallii is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described M. lyallii in 1853. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate or partially-bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas, usually with exserted anthers.

<i>Myosotis antarctica <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> traillii</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Myosotis antarcticasubsp. traillii is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to New Zealand. Thomas Kirk (botanist) described the subspecies in 1921. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis brockiei <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> brockiei</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis brockieisubsp. brockiei is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to southern South Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore and Margaret Simpson described M. brockiei in 1973. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes which form caespitose tufts or clumps, with ebracteate, erect inflorescences, and white corollas with exserted stamens.

Myosotis brockieisubsp. dysis is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to southern South Island of New Zealand. Shannel Courtney and Heidi Meudt described this subspecies in 2021. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes which form stoloniferous mats, with long, ebracteate, erect inflorescences, and white corollas with exserted stamens.

<i>Myosotis goyenii <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> infima</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis goyeniisubsp. infima Meudt & Heenan is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to central South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt and Peter Heenan described this subspecies in 2021. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes which form caespitose clumps, with ebracteate, erect inflorescences, and white corollas with fully incluced stamens.

<i>Myosotis hikuwai</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis hikuwai is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Geoff Rogers described M. hikuwai in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are spring annuals with bracteate and erect inflorescences, and small, white corollas with inserted stamens. The species is considered Threatened and known only from one population near Wānaka.

Myosotis ultramafica is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Brian Rance described M. ultramafica in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are perennial with bracteate and prostrate to ascending inflorescences, and small, white corollas with partly exserted stamens. This species is Naturally Uncommon and only found on ultramafic substrates.

<i>Myosotis pansa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pansa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was raised to species level as M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas and exserted anthers.

<i>Myosotis petiolata</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis petiolata is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the Hawkes Bay region of the North Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1853. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

<i>Myosotis pottsiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pottsiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described Myosotis petiolata var. pottsiana in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

Myosotis australissubsp. saruwagedica is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Guinea. August Brand described the species M. saruwagedica in 1929 and it was considered to be a synonym or a subspecies of M. australis by subsequent authors. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white or yellow corollas with stamens that are fully included in the corolla tube or sometimes partly protruded.

References

  1. ↑ Lange, Peter J. de; Rolfe, Jeremy R.; Barkla, John W.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Champion, Paul D.; Perrie, Leon R.; Beadel, Sarah M.; Ford, Kerry A.; Breitwieser, Ilse; Schönberger, Ines; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan (May 2018). "Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017" (PDF). New Zealand Threat Classification Series. 22: 1–86. OCLC   1041649797.
  2. ↑ Moore, L.B. "Boraginaceae. In 'Flora of New Zealand'. (Ed. HH Allan) Vol. 1, pp. 806–833". (Government Printer: Wellington, New Zealand) floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Lehnebach, Carlos A. (1 May 2015). "Native New Zealand forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301 (5): 1455–1471. Bibcode:2015PSyEv.301.1455M. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x. ISSN   2199-6881. S2CID   254048318.
  4. ↑ Ogilvie, John (1883). The Imperial dictionary, on the basis of Webster's English dictionary. London: Blackie and Son. p. 796. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Meudt, Heidi; Prebble, Jessica; Stanley, Rebecca J.; Thorsen, Mike (1 January 2013). "Morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data show that New Zealand endemic Myosotis petiolata (Boraginaceae) comprises three rare and threatened species". Australian Systematic Botany. 26 (3): 210. doi:10.1071/SB13023. S2CID   82941384.
  6. ↑ "Holotype of Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps". scd.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
  7. ↑ "Holotype specimen of Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
  8. ↑ Winkworth, Richard C; Grau, Jürke; Robertson, Alastair W; Lockhart, Peter J (1 August 2002). "The origins and evolution of the genus Myosotis L. (Boraginaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 24 (2): 180–193. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00210-5. ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   12144755.
  9. 1 2 3 Heidi M. Meudt; Jessica M. Prebble; Rebecca J. Stanley; Michael J. Thorsen (2013). "Morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data show that New Zealand endemic Myosotis petiolata (Boraginaceae) comprises three rare and threatened species". Australian Systematic Botany . 26 (3): 210. doi:10.1071/SB13023. ISSN   1030-1887. Wikidata   Q54687696.
  10. 1 2 Heidi M Meudt; Peter Lockhart; David M Bryant (20 May 2009). "Species delimitation and phylogeny of a New Zealand plant species radiation". BMC Ecology and Evolution . 9: 111. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-111 . ISSN   1471-2148. PMC   2700801 . PMID   19457251. Wikidata   Q33449014.
  11. ↑ Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M. (28 February 2018). "Species limits and taxonomic revision of the bracteate-prostrate group of southern hemisphere forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae), including description of three new species endemic to New Zealand". Australian Systematic Botany. 31 (1): 48–105. doi:10.1071/SB17045. ISSN   1446-5701. S2CID   90834744.
  12. ↑ Meudt, Heidi (27 September 2016). "Pollen morphology and its taxonomic utility in the Southern Hemisphere bracteate-prostrate forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae)". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 54 (4): 475–497. Bibcode:2016NZJB...54..475M. doi:10.1080/0028825X.2016.1229343. S2CID   89118799.
  13. ↑ Lange, Peter James de; Murray, Brian Grant (1 January 2002). "Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora—37. Miscellaneous families". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 40 (1): 1–23. Bibcode:2002NZJB...40....1D. doi: 10.1080/0028825X.2002.9512767 . S2CID   84366026.
  14. ↑ Murray, Brian Grant; Lange, Peter James de (1 March 2013). "Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora – 40. Miscellaneous counts for 36 families". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 51 (1): 31–60. Bibcode:2013NZJB...51...31M. doi:10.1080/0028825X.2012.747969. S2CID   85259182.
  15. ↑ "NZTCS". nztcs.org.nz. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
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