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Agaricus is a genus of mushrooms containing both edible and poisonous species, with possibly over 300 members worldwide. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom and the field mushroom, the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West.
Macrolepiota procera, the parasol mushroom, is a basidiomycete fungus with a large, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol. It is a fairly common species on well-drained soils. It is found solitary or in groups and fairy rings in pastures and occasionally in woodland. Globally, it is widespread in temperate regions.
Hygrophorus is a genus of agarics in the family Hygrophoraceae. Called "woodwaxes" in the UK or "waxy caps" in North America, basidiocarps are typically fleshy, often with slimy caps and lamellae that are broadly attached to decurrent. All species are ground-dwelling and ectomycorrhizal and are typically found in woodland. Around 100 species are recognized worldwide. Fruit bodies of several species are considered edible and are sometimes offered for sale in local markets.
Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca, commonly known as the false chanterelle, is a species of fungus in the family Hygrophoropsidaceae. It is found across several continents, growing in woodland and heathland, and sometimes on woodchips used in gardening and landscaping. Fruit bodies (mushrooms) are yellow–orange, with a funnel-shaped cap up to 8 cm across that has a felt-like surface. The thin, often forked gills on the underside of the cap run partway down the length of the otherwise smooth stipe. Reports on the mushroom's edibility vary – it can serve as food, though not a particularly flavorful one, or it can be slightly poisonous.
Sarcodon is a genus of fungi in the family Bankeraceae, which is part of the order Thelephorales known for its almost universal ectomycorrhizal life style. The genus owes its name to the presence of teeth-like spines on the hymenophore, it is derived from ancient Greek; sarco = flesh and odon = tooth. This is why they are commonly called "tooth fungi", or "Hydnoid fungi".
Cantharellus lateritius, commonly known as the smooth chanterelle, is a species of edible fungus in the mushroom family Cantharellaceae. An ectomycorrhizal species, it is found in Asia, Africa, and North America. The species has a complex taxonomic history, and has undergone several name changes since its first description by American mycologist Lewis David de Schweinitz in 1822. The fruit bodies of the fungus are brightly colored yellow to orange, and usually highly conspicuous against the soil in which they are found. At maturity, the mushroom resembles a filled funnel with the spore-bearing surface along the sloping outer sides. The texture of the fertile undersurface (hymenium) of the caps is a distinguishing characteristic of the species: unlike the well-known golden chanterelle, the hymenium of C. lateritius is much smoother. Chemical analysis has revealed the presence of several carotenoid compounds in the fruit bodies.
Pholiota flammans, commonly known as the yellow pholiota, the flaming Pholiota, or the flame scalecap, is a basidiomycete agaric mushroom of the genus Pholiota. Its fruit body is golden-yellow in color throughout, while its cap and stem are covered in sharp scales. As it is a saprobic fungus, the fruit bodies typically appear in clusters on the stumps of dead coniferous trees. P. flammans is distributed throughout Europe, North America, and Asia in boreal and temperate regions. Its edibility has not been clarified.
Cortinarius praestans, also known as the goliath webcap, is a basidiomycete mushroom of the genus Cortinarius. The mushroom has orangish-yellow caps that reach up to 20 cm (7.9 in) in diameter, and thick club-shaped stipes up to 15 cm (5.9 in) long. The edible mushroom is found in Europe.
Suillus acidus is an edible species of mushroom in the genus Suillus. The species was first described by Charles Horton Peck as Boletus acidus in 1905.
Morchella deliciosa is a species of edible fungus in the family Morchellaceae. It was first described scientifically by Elias Magnus Fries in 1822. It is a European species, although the name has erroneously been applied to morphologically similar North American morels.
Leccinum holopus, commonly known as the white birch bolete, white bog bolete, or ghost bolete, is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae found in northern Asia, Europe, and northeastern North America. It associates with birch trees and is typically found in boggy or swampy areas, often growing among sphagnum moss.
Suillus punctipes, commonly known as the spicy suillus, is a bolete fungus in the family Suillaceae.
Leccinum rugosiceps, commonly known as the wrinkled Leccinum, is a species of bolete fungus. It is found in Asia, North America, Central America, and South America, where it grows in an ectomycorrhizal association with oak. Fruitbodies have convex, yellowish caps up to 15 cm (5.9 in) in diameter. In age, the cap surface becomes wrinkled, often revealing white cracks. The stipe is up to 10 cm (3.9 in) long and 3 cm (1.2 in) wide, with brown scabers on an underlying yellowish surface. It has firm flesh that stains initially pinkish to reddish and then to grayish or blackish when injured. The pore surface on the cap underside is yellowish. Fruitbodies are edible, although opinions vary as to their desirability.
Leccinellum corsicum is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae. It grows in mycorrhizal symbiosis exclusively with rockroses in Mediterranean Europe and North Africa. The fungus was originally described as new to science in 1896 by French mycologist Léon Louis Rolland as a species of Boletus. Andreas Bresinsky and Manfred Binder transferred it to the newly circumscribed genus Leccinellum in 2003.
Psathyrella spadicea, commonly known as the chestnut brittlestem, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae. The fungus was originally described by German mycologist Jacob Christian Schäffer in 1783 as Agaricus spadiceus. Rolf Singer transferred it to the genus Psathyrella in 1951, in which it is classified in the section Spadiceae. The mushroom is edible.
Leccinum vulpinum, commonly known as the foxy bolete, is a bolete fungus in the genus Leccinum that is found in Europe. It was described as new to science by Roy Watling in 1961. An edible species, it grows in mycorrhizal association with species of pine and bearberry.
Xanthoconium affine is a species of edible bolete fungus of the genus Xanthoconium. First described as a species of Boletus by Charles Horton Peck in 1873, it was placed in its current genus by Rolf Singer in 1944.
Gloeocantharellus purpurascens, commonly known as the Indian Creek mushroom or violet-staining chanterelle, is a species of fungus in the family Gomphaceae native to North America and French Guyana.
Gomphidius smithii is an edible mushroom in the family Gomphidiaceae that is found in the Pacific Northwest in North America.
Morchella palazonii is a species of morel found in Spain.
References
- ↑ "Neoclitocybe byssiseda (Bres.) Singer 1962". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2010-12-09.
- ↑ Singer R. (1961). "Diagnoses fungorum novorum Agaricalium II". Sydowia. 15 (1–6): 45–83.
- ↑ Boa E. (2004). Wild Edible Fungi: A Global Overview Of Their Use And Importance To People (Non-Wood Forest Products). Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN. p. 105. ISBN 92-5-105157-7.