Nosomma

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Nosomma
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Ixodida
Family: Ixodidae
Genus: Nosomma
Schulze, 1919 [1]
Species:
N. monstrosum
Binomial name
Nosomma monstrosum
(Nuttall & Warburton, 1908)
Synonyms
  • Hyalomma monstrosum
Nosomma monstrosum is known best from the Asian water buffalo. Water buffalo bathing with water reflection at golden hour in Don Det Laos.jpg
Nosomma monstrosum is known best from the Asian water buffalo.

Nosomma monstrosum is a species of hard-bodied tick found in Asia. The species is found primarily on water buffalo. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Nosomma.

Contents

Ecology and parasitism

Nosomma monstrosum is an obligate ectoparasite of mammals, particularly Asian water buffaloes. Adults are also known from cattle, pigs, dogs, bears and horses. Instars - larvae and nymphs - are mostly known to parasitise rodents and shrews. [2] The species is distributed across south and south-eastern Asia, being found in Thailand, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Laos, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Pakistan, Myanmar and Tibet. [3]

Nosomma monstrosum is a likely three-host tick, although adverse environmental conditions may alter this behaviour. [4] While the species is found in the Kyasanur Forest disease endemic area, it is not known to be a vector. [5] Nosomma ticks are very rare parasites of humans, and no pathogenesis has been described. [6]

Taxonomy

Nosomma was first described by Schulze as a monotypic genus for the species Hyalomma monstrosum. [7] The genus is closely related to Dermacentor and Hyalomma . [3] Prakasan & Ramami described a new species, Nosomma keralensis, in 2007, [8] but the species has been subsequently rejected due to its poor description and unsuitable differentiating characters. [2] [3]

References

  1. ↑ Schulze, P. (1919). Bestimmungstabelle fiir das Zeckengenus Hyalomma Koch. S.B. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. (5-6), 189-96
  2. 1 2 Guglielmone, Alberto A.; Petney, Trevor N.; Robbins, Richard G. (2020-11-05). "Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019". Zootaxa. 4871 (1): 1–322. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1. ISSN   1175-5334.
  3. 1 2 3 Aiman, Ome; Ullah, Shafi; Chitimia-Dobler, Lidia; Nijhof, Ard M.; Ali, Abid (2022). "First report of Nosomma monstrosum ticks infesting Asian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Pakistan". Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases. 13 (2) 101899. doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101899.
  4. ↑ Bandaranayaka, K. O.; Apanaskevich, D. A.; Rajakaruna, R. S. (2016). "Life cycle of Nosomma monstrosum (Acari: Ixodidae) under laboratory conditions". Experimental and Applied Acarology. 69 (1): 97–106. doi:10.1007/s10493-015-0011-4. ISSN   0168-8162.
  5. ↑ Singh, KR; Pavri, KM; Anderson, CR (1964). "Transmission of Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus by Haemaphysalis Turturis, Haemaphysalis Papuana Kinneari and Haemaphysalis Minuta". Indian Journal of Medical Research. 52: 566–73. PMID   14184087.
  6. ↑ Hoogstraal, H., 1970b. Human infestation by ticks (Ixodidae) in the Himalaya. In: Sing, K.S., Tandan, B.K., Srivastava, H.D. (Eds.), Commemoration Volume. Division of Parasitology of the Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, pp. 75–89.
  7. ↑ Schulze, P. (1919). Bestimmungstabelle fiir das Zeckengenus Hyalomma Koch. S.B. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. (5-6), 189-96
  8. ↑ Prakasan, K.; Ramani, N. (2007-09-15). "Two New Species of Ixodid Ticks (Acarina: Ixodida) from Kerala, India". International Journal of Zoological Research. 3 (4): 169–177. doi:10.3923/ijzr.2007.169.177.
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