November 1828 | |
---|---|
Directed by | Teguh Karya |
Screenplay by | Teguh Karya |
Produced by |
|
Starring |
|
Cinematography | Tantra Suryadi |
Edited by | Tantra Suryadi |
Production company | Interstudio |
Running time | 140 minutes |
Country | Indonesia |
Languages | Indonesian, Dutch |
Budget | Rp 240 million [1] |
November 1828 is a 1979 Indonesian historical drama directed by Teguh Karya. Production cost an estimated Rp 240 million, making it the most expensive Indonesian movie up to that point. It tells the story of a village struggling against the Dutch colonial military during the Java War, and touches on the themes of nationalism and cultural identity. The movie won 6 Citra Awards.
November 1828 was directed by Teguh Karya, who drew heavily on his theatre troupe Teater Popular Workshop for cast members. [2]
November 1828 uses contrasting shooting styles for each side of the struggle. When depicting the Dutch colonial army, it uses Western-influenced techniques, including Dutch group paintings and the conventions of Western drama. However, when the Javanese revolutionaries are depicted, the filming draws on Javanese traditions or uses techniques "especially developed for the film". [2]
Production cost an estimated Rp 240 million, most of which was spent on producing historically accurate settings and props. At the time, it was the most expensive Indonesian film ever made [1] and twice the cost of a regular production. [3]
During the Java War, when Prince Diponegoro led a general uprising against the Dutch colonial government, the Dutch military occupy a small town in Central Java owing to concerns that they have been collaborating with Sentot Prawirodjo, one of the leaders of the Javanese forces. The village chief, Jayengnegoro, accuses elder Kromoludiro of aiding Diponegoro's forces; Kromoludiro is arrested and tortured by Dutch leader Captain de Borst. In response, village kyai Karto Sarjan sends one of his students to find Sentot.
During Kromoludiro's torture, de Borst's second-in-command Lieutenant van Aaken admits that it was he who had informed Diponegoro's forces of the Dutch movements. Enraged, de Borst kills Kromoludiro and arrests van Aaken. Not long afterwards, Sentot's forces enter under the guise of dancers and attack the village from within, confusing the Dutch forces; Sentot himself arrives not long afterwards, defeating the Dutch forces before they can respond effectively. De Borst is slowly killed, while van Aaken dies in the crossfire.
November 1828 has been seen as a "challenging account of cultural differences." [2]
Wanning Sun notes that, seeing as Teguh Karya himself was of mixed foreign (Chinese) and local descent, November 1828 draws numerous parallels with his life, emphasizing the backgrounds of the mixed-race de Borst and van Aaken. He writes that November 1828 is an "indictment of a system that refused full citizenship to those of Chinese descent and simultaneously denied them a place to explore their Chineseness". [4]
Sun also draws on similarities between the liberation of the village and the Indonesian revolution, with representation by the Indonesian military and Islamic figures; both groups played a key role in the revolution. [5]
November 1828 was released in 1979 and advertised as Karya's most patriotic work. It soon became known as a classic. [4] It was also the first Indonesian film to become well known outside of Indonesia, [2] drawing some critical attention. [6] It won 6 Citra Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director. [7]
Deanne Schultz considers November 1828 "a valuable interpretation" of Indonesian colonial history, providing enough background for people with little knowledge of Indonesian history to understand the storyline. She writes that it "embodies the best of popular Indonesian cinema." [6]
Ade Irwansyah of Tabloid Bintang listed November 1828 as the 7th best Indonesian film of all time. [1]
Prince Diponegoro, also known as Dipanegara, was a Javanese prince who opposed the Dutch colonial rule. The eldest son of the Yogyakartan Sultan Hamengkubuwono III, he played an important role in the Java War between 1825 and 1830. After his defeat and capture, he was exiled to Makassar, where he died, 69 years old.
The Java War or Diponegoro War (ꦥꦼꦫꦁꦢꦶꦥꦤꦼꦒꦫ) was fought in central Java from 1825 to 1830, between the colonial Dutch Empire and native Javanese rebels. The war started as a rebellion led by Prince Diponegoro, a leading member of the Javanese aristocracy who had previously cooperated with the Dutch.
Raden Saleh Sjarif Boestaman was a pioneering Indonesian Romantic painter of Arab-Javanese ethnicity. He was considered to be the first "modern" artist from Indonesia, and his paintings corresponded with nineteenth-century romanticism which was popular in Europe at the time. He also expressed his cultural roots and inventiveness in his work.
Njoo Han Siang (杨汉祥) is a pioneer of Indonesian national banking and film industry. He is known as an idealist, unique, and has a wide range of interests. He was a journalist, entrepreneur, educator, Chinese ethnic assimilationist, lover of Indonesian art and culture and someone who cares about the nation's social and political life.
Tjoet Nja' Dhien is a 1988 Indonesian film directed by Eros Djarot and starring Piet Burnama, Christine Hakim, Rudy Wowor, and Slamet Rahardjo. Based on the life's story of female Acehnese guerrilla leader Cut Nyak Dhien, it focuses on the six-year period between her second husband, Teuku Umar's death and her capture by the Dutch colonial army. Tjoet Nja' Dhien was released to critical acclaim, winning 9 Citra Awards, and was screened at the Selection de la Semaine de la Critique in Cannes, 1989. It also became Indonesia's submission to the 62nd Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not nominated.
Badai Pasti Berlalu is a 1977 Indonesian film based on the novel of the same name by Marga T. It was directed by Teguh Karya and starred Christine Hakim, Roy Marten and Slamet Rahardjo.
Teguh Karya was an Indonesian film director. Starting his entertainment career in theatre, he made his directorial debut with Wadjah Seorang Laki-Laki, released three years later. He later directed numerous critically acclaimed films, including Cinta Pertama, Badai Pasti Berlalu, and November 1828. In 2001 Karya died from complications from a 1998 stroke.
Cinta Pertama is a 1973 Indonesian romance film directed by Teguh Karya. Starring Christine Hakim, Slamet Rahardjo, and N. Riantiarno, it tells the story of Ade, a young woman who falls in love with Bastian, an ex-convict, yet is engaged to Johny, who raped Bastian's wife and caused her to be killed in the resulting fight. It was well-received both critically and commercially, garnering five Citra Awards and launching Christine Hakim's career. Tabloid Bintang has listed it as the 19th best Indonesian film of all time.
Di Balik Kelambu is a 1983 Indonesian film directed by Teguh Karya. It stars Christine Hakim and Slamet Rahardjo.
Slamet Rahardjo Djarot is an Indonesian actor, director, and screenwriter of Javanese descent. He is the elder brother of director, songwriter, and politician, Eros Djarot. Since his directorial debut in 1979 with Rembulan dan Matahari, he has directed and/or written twelve films; one of which, Langitku, Rumahku, was Indonesia's submission to the 63rd Academy Awards in 1991.
Ahmad Salim, better known by his birth name Wim Umboh but also known by the Chinese name Liem Yan Yung, was an Indonesian director who is best known for his melodramatic romances.
Ibunda (Mother) is a 1986 Indonesian film directed by Teguh Karya. Telling of a family's struggles in Jakarta, it set a new record at the 1986 Indonesian Film Festival when it won nine Citra Awards.
Wadjah Seorang Laki-laki is a 1971 Indonesian film directed by Teguh Karya. It marked his directorial debut.
Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta is a 1989 film by Indonesian director Teguh Karya. It was his last feature film.
Tuti Indra Malaon, born Pudjiastuti Suratno, was an Indonesian actress, dancer, and lecturer.
Mieke Wijaya was an Indonesian actress, model, and politician who won three Citra Awards. She was crowned the best female antagonist in Indonesian film industry along with Suzzanna and Ruth Pelupessy. Wijaya began her career as a teenager and soared to popularity by partaking a role in Usmar Ismail's commercially successful Tiga Dara, her name became increasingly popular after starring in the soap opera Losmen in 1987.
The Submission of Prince Dipo Negoro to General De Kock is an oil painting on canvas painted by Nicolaas Pieneman between 1830 and 1835. It depicts, from a victorious Dutch colonial perspective, the capture of Prince Diponegoro in 1830, which signaled the end of the Java War (1825–1830).
The Arrest of Pangeran Diponegoro is the name of an 1857 painting by Raden Saleh, depicting the capture of Prince Diponegoro by Lieutenant General Hendrik Merkus de Kock on 28 March 1830.
Raden Ajeng Srimulat, also known simply as Srimulat, was an Indonesian comedian, actor, singer, and founding member of the popular Srimulat comedy troupe. She was the wife of Teguh Slamet Rahardjo, one of the most famous Indonesian comedians of the postwar era.
Teguh Slamet Rajardjo (1926–1996), popularly known as Teguh Srimulat, was an Indonesian comedian and actor. With his first wife Raden Ajeng Srimulat, he founded the Srimulat comedy troupe which became popular in the postwar era for its absurdist Slapstick comedy and social satire.