Nurul Iman Mosque of Koto Gadang | |
---|---|
Masjid Nurul Iman Koto Gadang | |
![]() | |
Religion | |
Affiliation | Sunni Islam |
Location | |
Location | Agam, West Sumatra, Indonesia |
Geographic coordinates | 0°19′06.6″S100°21′26.3″E / 0.318500°S 100.357306°E |
Architecture | |
Architect(s) | Yazid Rajo Mangkuto |
Type | Mosque |
Date established | 1856 (first building) 1932 (second building) |
Destroyed | 28 June 1926 6 March 2007 |
Nurul Iman Mosque of Koto Gadang or Tapi Koto Gadang Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Indonesia, located in Koto Gadang Nagari, Agam Regency, West Sumatra. This mosque is the largest mosque in Koto Gadang area.
Since its foundation in 1856, the mosque has undergone some form of transformation and several repairs. The earliest mosque, known as the Old Jamik Mosque, was typical of Minangkabau style with cone-shaped tapered roofs. However, the mosque was heavily damaged during the Padang Panjang earthquake in 1926.
A few months after the earthquake, the new mosque was soon built by the initiative of Yahya Datuk Kayo, who was a member of the Volksraad representing Minangkabau, and inaugurated the renewed mosque on February 5, 1932. Designed by Yazid Rajo Mangkuto, the shape of the new mosque building was totally changed from its predecessor. However, the building of the mosque was destroyed again by the earthquake in March 2007. Since then the mosque was restored with the form similar to the pre-earthquake one.
The Old Jamik Mosque was built in 1856. [1] Made of wood, the Minangkabau architectural style building was measured 20 × 20 meters. [2] There was also a tower on the roof. [3] The roof had no dome, but consisted of several gonjong roof, a Minangkabau style roof, made of fibers. One gonjong in the middle was flanked by eight smaller gonjong around him. [4]
On June 28, 1926, a magnitude 7.6 earthquake hit Padangpanjang and caused damage to the walls of the mosque. [5] Some of the walls collapsed, and the parts that remained had cracks in them. [2] Danger ultimately led to the dismantling of the mosque's building. [6] In a meeting attended by a number of local community leaders on July 18, 1926, it was agreed to immediately establish a new mosque by forming a committee headed by Yahya Datuk Kayo.
West Sumatra is a province of Indonesia. It is on the west coast of the island of Sumatra and includes the Mentawai Islands off that coast. West Sumatra borders the Indian Ocean to the west, as well as the provinces of North Sumatra to the north, Riau to the northeast, Jambi to the southeast, and Bengkulu to the south. The province has an area of 42,119.54 km2 (16,262.45 sq mi),or about the same size as Switzerland,with a population of 5,534,472 at the 2020 census. The official estimate at mid 2022 was 5,640,629. The province is subdivided into twelve regencies and seven cities. It has relatively more cities than other provinces outside Java, although several of them are relatively low in population compared with cities elsewhere in Indonesia. Padang is the province's capital and largest city.
Pekanbaru is the capital city of the Indonesian province of Riau, and a major economic centre on the eastern side of Sumatra Island with its name derived from the Malay words for 'new market' . It has an area of 632.26 km2 (244.12 sq mi), with a population of 897,767 at the 2010 Census, and 983,356 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 1,007,540. It is located on the banks of the Siak River, which flows into the Strait of Malacca, Pekanbaru has direct access to the busy strait and has long been known as a trading port.
Bukittinggi is the third largest city in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of 111,312 in 2010 and 121,028 in 2020, and an official estimate as at mid 2022 of 122,311 - comprising 61,198 males and 61,113 females. It covers an area of 25.24 km2. It is located in the Minangkabau Highlands, 90 km by road from the West Sumatran capital city of Padang. The whole area directly borders to the Agam Regency, making it an enclave, and is located at 0°18′20″S100°22′9″E, near the volcanoes Mount Singgalang (inactive) and Mount Marapi. At 930 m above sea level, the city has a cool climate with temperatures between 16.1° to 24.9 °C.
Rumah Gadang or Rumah Bagonjong "house for the Minangkabau people" are the traditional homes of the Minangkabau in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The architecture, construction, internal and external decoration, and the functions of the house reflect the culture and values of the Minangkabau. A Rumah Gadang serves as a residence, a hall for family meetings, and for ceremonial activities. In the matrilineal Minangkabau society, the Rumah Gadang is owned by the women of the family who live there; ownership is passed from mother to daughter.
The architecture of Indonesia reflects the diversity of cultural, historical, and geographic influences that have shaped Indonesia as a whole. Invaders, colonizers, missionaries, merchants, and traders brought cultural changes that had a profound effect on building styles and techniques.
Sir Viqar ul-Umara, Iqtidar ul-Mulk, Iqbal ud-Dowla, Secundar Jung, Nawab Muhammad Fazl-ud-din Khan Bahadur, was the Prime Minister of Hyderabad from 1893 to 1901, and also served as the Amir e Paigah from 1881 to 1902.
The Ganting Grand Mosque is a Sunni mosque located in Ganting, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Construction began in 1805, making it the oldest in Padang and one of the oldest in Indonesia. It is a Cultural Property of Indonesia.
Grand Mosque of West Sumatra is a mosque in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is the largest mosque in West Sumatra and the second-largest mosque in Sumatra. It is located in Padang Utara Subdistrict, Padang, West Sumatra. The Grand Mosque of West Sumatra is located within a complex of 40,345 square meters at the intersection of Jalan Khatib Sulaiman and Jalan Ahmad Dahlan.
The Singapore Islamic Hub is a religious campus that houses Masjid Muhajirin, Madrasah Irsyad Zuhri Al-Islamiah and the headquarters of Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (Muis). These institutions combined create a cohesive and symbiotic whole, embodies the Islamic principles of Iman, Ilmu and Amal respectively.
Rao Rao Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Indonesia located in Nagari Rao Rao, Tarab River, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. It is located on the road from Batusangkar bound to Bukittinggi, precisely in Rao Rao. This mosque of Minangkabau and Persian architecture was built in 1908 with a roof made from fibers before being changed to zinc.
The Bingkudu Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Indonesia. It was founded by the Padri in the wake of the Padri War in West Sumatra in 1823. This mosque with typical Minangkabau style architecture is located in Jorong Bingkudu, Nagari Canduang Koto Laweh, Canduang District, Agam Regency, West Sumatra. When it was first built, the building of the mosque was made of wood on its floor, pole, and wall.
Jami Mosque of Taluak is one of the oldest mosques in Indonesia, located in Taluak IV Suku Nagari, Banuhampu District, Agam Regency, West Sumatra. The location of the mosque is close to the border of Bukittinggi, thus it is also known as Jamik Taluak Mosque Bukittinggi.
Koto Baru Grand Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Indonesia located in Koto Baru Nagari, Sungai Pagu District, South Solok Regency, West Sumatra.
The Tuo Koto Nan Ampek Mosque, also known as Gadang Balai Nan Duo Mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Indonesia located in Koto Nan Ampek Nagari, now administratively included into the area of Balai Nan Duo village, West Payakumbuh District, city of Payakumbuh, West Sumatera. The Minangkabau architecture is thought to have been built in 1840 which was originally covered with fiber roofs before being replaced with zinc. Currently, other than being used for Muslim worship activities, this single-level mosque is also used by the surrounding community as a means of religious education.
Willem Hendrik de Greve was a Dutch geologist. He was known for his discovery of the coal mine in Sawahlunto, Dutch East Indies.
Mosque architecture in Indonesia refers to the architectural traditions of mosques built in the archipelago of Indonesia. Initial forms of the mosque, for example, were predominantly built in the vernacular Indonesian architectural style mixed with Hindu, Buddhist or Chinese architectural elements, and notably didn't equip orthodox form of Islamic architectural elements such as dome and minaret. Vernacular architectural style varies depending on the island and region.
The Nurul Iman Mosque is a mosque located at the corner of Jalan Imam Bonjol and Jalan Muhammad Thamrin in Padang, Indonesia. The mosque was built by the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the national government, as a gesture of apology following a West Sumatran rebellion in 1960.
Grand Mosque of Kubang Putih is an early 19th-century mosque located in the town of Kubang Putiah, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The mosque is designated as a cultural heritage object along with several other old mosques in West Sumatra, such as Bingkudu Mosque in Agam, Rao Rao Mosque in Tanah Datar, and the Ganting Grand Mosque in Padang.
Minangkabau culture is the culture of the Minangkabau ethnic group in Indonesia, part of the Indonesian culture. This culture is one of the two major cultures in the Indonesian archipelago which is very prominent and influential.