Përmet (Albanian: [pəɾˈmɛt] ) is a town and municipality in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. The municipality of Përmet consists of the administrative units of Çarçovë, Frashër, Petran, Qendër Piskovë and Përmet. [2] [3] The total population is 7,980 as of 2023, [a] [1] in a total area of 602.47 km2. [4] The population of the municipal unit at the 2023 census was 4,809. [5] It is flanked by the Vjosë river, which runs along the Trebeshinë-Dhëmbel-Nemërçkë mountain chain, between Trebeshinë and Dhëmbel mountains, and through the Këlcyrë Gorge.
The town itself is known in Albanian as Përmet. The town is known in Italian as Permet, Aromanian as Pãrmeti, [6] in Greek as Πρεμετή/Premeti [7] [8] and in Turkish as Permedi. [9]
In 14th century Përmet came under Ottoman rule and became first a kaza of the sanjak of Gjirokastër and later of the Sanjak of Ioannina. [10] [11]
During the era of conversions to Islam in the 18th century, Christian Albanian speaking areas such as the region of Rrëzë strongly resisted those efforts, in particular the village of Hormovë and the town of Përmet. [12]
In 1778, a Greek school was established and financed by the local Orthodox Church and the diaspora of the town. [13]
After a successful revolt in 1833 the Ottoman Empire replaced Ottoman officials in the town with local Albanian ones and proclaimed a general amnesty for all those who had been involved in the uprising. [14] The artisans of the kaza of Përmet held the monopoly in the trade of opinga in the vilayets of Shkodër and Janina until 1841, when that privilege was revoked under the Tanzimat reforms. [15] In 1882 Greek education was expanded with the foundation of a Greek girls' school subsidized by members of the local diaspora that lived in Constantinople, as well as the Greek national benefactor, Konstantinos Zappas. [13] The first Albanian-language school of the town was founded in the beginning of 1890 by Llukë Papavrami, a teacher from Hotovë, who had the endorsement of Naim Frasheri. [16] [17] A great contribution for the Albanian school was given by philanthropists Mihal Kerbici, Pano Duro and Stathaq Duka. Duro and Kerbici financed until 1896 the salaries of five teachers, whereas Stathaq Duka bequeathed in 1886 scholarships for studies in the schools of Jurisprudence and Medicine. [17]
In 1909 during the Second Constitutional Era the authorities allowed Albanian language to be taught in the local madrasah. [18] It was a kaza centre as "Premedi" in Ergiri sanjak of Yanya Vilayet till 1912.
During the Albanian Revolt of 1912 the Albanian revolutionary leaders Menduh Zavalani and Spiro Bellkameni, alongside Nexhip Bënja and Servet Frashëri, officially evicted the Ottoman kaymakam and freed Përmet from Ottoman control on 14 August. [19] Later in 1912, during the First Balkan War the population founded a committee that had as its goal the organization of the local resistance with help from government of Vlora and chetas operating across Southern Albania. In a 28 December rally through the town centre people of Permet agreed they must fight where the nation most needed. [20] In February 1913, units of the advancing 3rd Division of the Greek Army entered the town without facing Ottoman resistance, [21] while the resistance of the local population was not sufficient due to small amount of arms. [20] In 1914, Përmet became part of the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus, which then was annexed back to the Albanian state. [22]
During the Greco-Italian War, on December 4, 1940, the town came under the control of the advancing forces of the Greek II Army Corps. [23] Përmet returned to Axis control in April 1941. In May 1944 the National Liberation Movement held in the town the congress, which elected the provisional government of Albania. [24]
In August 2013, demonstrations took place [25] by the local Orthodox community as a result of the confiscation of the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin and the forcible removal of the clergy and of religious artifacts from the temple, by the state authorities. [26] [27] The Cathedral was allegedly not fully returned to the Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania after the restoration of Democracy in the country. [28] The incident provoked reactions by the Orthodox Church of Albania and also triggered diplomatic intervention from Greece. [27] [29]
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1950 | 1,918 | — |
1960 | 3,391 | +76.8% |
1969 | 4,300 | +26.8% |
1979 | 5,300 | +23.3% |
1989 | 7,313 | +38.0% |
2001 | 7,726 | +5.6% |
2011 | 5,945 | −23.1% |
2023 | 4,809 | −19.1% |
Source: [30] [31] [32] |
The total population is 7,980 as of the 2023 census. The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 4,809. [5]
In Përmet, apart from Muslim and Christian Albanian communities, Greeks and Aromanians are also found in a number of neighbourhoods. [34]
Përmet is known for its cuisine, particularly the many different types of jam (reçel) and kompot (komposto), and the production of local wine and raki. [35]
Përmet is also home to the football club SK Përmeti and basketball club KB Përmeti.
Korçë is the eighth most populous city of Albania and the seat of Korçë County and Korçë Municipality. The total population of the city is 51,152 and 75,994 of Korçë municipality, in a total area of 806 km2 (311 sq mi). It stands on a plateau some 850 m (2,789 ft) above sea level, surrounded by the Morava Mountains.
Gjirokastër County is one of the 12 counties of Albania. The total population in 2023 was 60,013, in an area of 2884 km2. Its capital is the city Gjirokastër.
Himarë is a municipality and region in Vlorë County, southern Albania. The municipality has a total area of 571.94 km2 (220.83 sq mi) and consists of the administrative units of Himarë, Horë-Vranisht and Lukovë. It lies between the Ceraunian Mountains and the Albanian Ionian Sea Coast and is part of the Albanian Riviera. The traditionally perceived borders of the Himarë region gradually shrank during the Ottoman period, being reduced to the town of Himarë and the villages of the coastline, generally including only Palasë, Dhërmi, Pilur, Kudhës, Vuno, Iljas and Qeparo.
Delvinë is a town and a municipality in Vlorë County, southern Albania, 16 kilometres northeast of Sarandë. It was formed in the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Delvinë and Vergo, which became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Delvinë. The population of the municipal unit Delvinë at the 2023 census was 4,952 and of the municipality was 6,166.
Filiates is a town and a municipality in Thesprotia, Greece. It is located in the northernmost part of the regional unit, bordering western Ioannina regional unit and southern Albania.
Finiq is a settlement, considered a town or village, and municipality in Vlorë County, in southern Albania located 8 km from the Ionian Sea and 20 km north of the Greek border. It was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former communes Aliko, Dhivër, Livadhja, Mesopotam, and Finiq itself. It is inhabited by ethnic Greeks and is one of two municipalities in Albania in which Greeks form a majority, alongside Dropull. The seat of the municipality is the village Dërmish. The total population is 10,529, in a total area of 444.28 km2.
Lunxhëri is a region in the Gjirokastër County, Albania. It is an ethnographic region along with neighboring regions such as Kurvelesh, Zagoria, Dropull. It is in the periphery of a wider ethnographic region known as Labëria, though its population is said to be non-Lab. Many of its native inhabitants prefer for Lunxhëria to be identified instead as Tosk, as are neighboring regions to the east such as Dangëllia and Kolonja, rather than Lab; some researchers instead prefer to view Lunxhëria as a "transitory region" that is linguistically part of Labëria but culturally part of Toskëria. Lunxhëria is predominantly inhabited by Albanians, but also has Greek and Aromanian minorities.
Zagoria is a former municipality in the Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. During the 2015 local government reform, Zagoria became a subdivision of the municipality Libohovë. The population at the 2011 census was 411. Since 2018, the region has been at the centre of the expanded Zagoria Nature Park. Zagoria is also considered to be a distinct "ethnographic region", traditionally consisting of ten settlements: Sheper, Nivan, Ndëran, Topovë, Konckë, Hoshteve, Lliar, Vithuq, Doshnicë and Zhej.
Frashër is a village and a former municipality in the Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Përmet. The population at the 2011 census was 387. The municipal unit consists of the villages Frashër, Zavalan, Ogren-Kostrec, Gostivisht, Miçan, Vërçisht, Kreshovë and Soropull.
Himariote Greek is a dialect of the Greek language that is mainly spoken by ethnic Greeks in the Himara region of Albania. Despite the small distances between the settlements in the region, there exists some dialectal variation, most prominently in accent.
Panteleimon of Gjirokastër was a bishop of the Orthodox Autocephalous Church of Albania. He was the metropolitan bishop of Gjirokastër (1937–1941) and later the President of the exiled Northern Epirus resistance faction KEVA after the end of World War II.
Fehim bey Zavalani (1859-1935) was an Albanian landowner from the Kolonjë area, journalist and activist of the Albanian National Awakening. He was also the editor of Bashkimi i Kombit, one of the most important Albanian newspapers of the era. In 1908 he became one of the head organizers of the Congress of Monastir, in which the Albanian alphabet was standardized.
Vuno is a village in the municipality of Himarë, Vlorë County, Albania. It is located on the road that connects the centre of Himarë with the village of Dhërmi on the Albanian Riviera. The population of Vuno is exclusively Orthodox Albanian.
Vurg is a plain and region in the southern part of Vlorë County, southwestern Albania.
Labovë e Kryqit is a settlement in Southern Albania, which has taken the name of its famous church, the Dormition of the Theotokos Church. It consists of two neighbourhoods: Labovë e Poshtme and Labovë e Sipërme. To distinguish it from its neighbour Labovë e Madhe, the village is known by two names Labovë e Kryqit, in reference to a nearby old Byzantine church and Labovë e Libohovës. It is part of the Qendër Libohovë subdivision of the Libohovë municipality, in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania.
Princess Argjiro or Argyro is a legendary figure in Albanian. She is supposed to have lived in the 15th century.
Gjirokastër is a city in southern Albania and the seat of Gjirokastër County and Gjirokastër Municipality. It is located in a valley between the Gjerë mountains and the Drino, at 300 metres above sea level. Its old town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city is overlooked by Gjirokastër Fortress, where the Gjirokastër National Folk Festival is held every five years. It is the birthplace of former Albanian communist leader Enver Hoxha, and author Ismail Kadare.
The Second Congress of Manastir was an Albanian congress held on 2–3 April 1910 in Manastir, back then Ottoman Empire, today's Bitola in the Republic of North Macedonia. It dealt with the challenges that the Albanian language and schools faced at the time within the context of the empire, and the platform to overcome them.
Menduh Zavalani (1889–1914) was an Albanian revolutionary and political leader active during the last years of the Albanian National Awakening. He formed his own revolutionary band and was one of the leaders that liberated Përmet and the environs from the Ottoman Empire. Menduh was an appointed delegate from his hometown Korça to the Albanian National Congress that proclaimed the Independence of Albania. In the intellectual level Menduh was noted for the translation of Friedrich Schiller's drama Wilhelm Tell into Albanian. He was assassinated at a very young age near Pogradec by a local collaborationist band.
This article is about demographic history of Gjirokastër County, which includes the municipalities of Gjirokastër, Këlcyrë, Libohovë, Memaliaj, Përmet, Tepelenë, and Dropull.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(help)Shtrirja e gjerë e kryengritjes, që fillonte nga Skrapari e Kurveleshi, në Myzeqe e në Vlorë e deri në Çamëri, e detyruan Portën e Lartë të hiqte dorë nga rekrutimi i ushtarëve nizamë, të shpallte amnistinë dhe të lejonte vendosjen e disa shqiptarëve si qeveritarë në kazatë e Beratit, të Vlorës, të Tepelenës, të Gjirokastrës e të Përmetit dhe emërimin e të tjerëve si komandantë në garnizonet e kështjellave të Beratit, të Gjirokastrës etj.
Përmeti u çlirua nga pushtuesit shekullorë osmanë më 14 gusht 1912 nga çetat e lirisë të komanduara nga Menduh Zavalani.
On 22 February, Division III moved from Korytsa towards Premeti, by way of Leskovik, meeting no Turkish resistance.
Besides Argyrokastro, the Autonomous North Epirus included the towns of Chimara, Delvino, Santi Quaranta, and Premeti
Clergy and faithful were violently ejected from an Orthodox church in Premeti during the celebrations for the Assumption of the Virgin Mary on 16 August 2013, by private security and municipal authorities. Religious items such as icons and utensils were also confiscated.
A further point of contention between the Albanian Orthodox Church and the Albanian government is the return of church property.... In addition many holy icons and vessels of the Orthodox Church are being held in national museums, allegedly because of the Albanian government is concerned with protecting these valuable objects.... other church property that have been allegedly not been fully returned by the state include, the Cathedral of the Assumption in Permet
"Greeks... as well as in neighbourhoods in Permet and Carshove.... Vlachs also live in mixed neighbourhoods in Permet, Carshove and Leskovik.
{{cite book}}
: |first1=
has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)