Pacific leaping blenny

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Pacific leaping blenny
A leaping blenny jumping
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Blenniiformes
Family: Blenniidae
Genus: Alticus
Species:
A. arnoldorum
Binomial name
Alticus arnoldorum
(Curtiss, 1938) [2]
Synonyms [3] [4]
  • Blennius arnoldorumCurtiss, 1938

The Pacific leaping blenny (Alticus arnoldorum), also known as the leaping rockskipper, [5] is a species of combtooth blenny (family Blenniidae) in the genus Alticus . The blennies are oviparous, and form distinct pairs when mating. [6] Males can reach a maximum total length of 8 centimetres (3.15 inches). [2] [7] These fish feed primarily on benthic algae, [8] which they consume by scraping off rocky surfaces. [9]

Contents

Description

Male Pacific leaping blennies have prominent head crests and orange-red dorsal fins. [10]

Distribution and habitat

The Pacific leaping blenny is a tropical blenny found in reefs in Samoa and the Marianas, Society, and Cook Islands, in the western and southern Pacific Ocean. [2] The blennies are noted for leaping from hole to hole in the limestone rocks they inhabit, when disturbed; [2] each of the common names for the species is derived from this. They are able to dwell on land for several hours at a time, and have been reported performing many activities, including foraging and mating while out of the water. However, they are only able to survive on land during midtide; if they remain out of water when the tide lowers enough that they cannot be kept moist, they dry out and suffocate. [11] In a study performed by Tonia Hsieh of Temple University, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, it was discovered that members of A. arnoldorum are able to thrive on land due to their ability to twist their tails axially at 90 degrees, to propel their bodies. Hsieh noted that the twisting of the tail was a behaviourism unique to A. arnoldorum and species in the genus Andamia ; the two genera were subsequently considered terrestrial. [9]

Name

The identity of the person commemorated in the specific name of this blenny is unclear. The author, Curtiss, is known to have read The Sea-Beach at Ebb-Tide: A Guide to the Study of the Seaweeds and the Lower Animal Life Found Between Tidemarks by Augusta Foote Arnold (1844-1903) and gave several taxa a similar epithet. [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Ecsenius namiyei</i> Species of fish

Ecsenius namiyei, commonly called black comb-tooth blenny or Namiye's coralblenny, is a species of marine fish in the family Blenniidae. The specific name honours the Japanese zoologist and museum curator Motoyoshi Namiye (1854-1915).

<i>Alticus</i> Genus of fishes

Alticus is a genus of combtooth blennies found in the Pacific and Indian oceans. It is one of 57 genera in the family Blenniidae.

<i>Alticus anjouanae</i> Species of combtooth blenny in the family Blenniidae

Alticus anjouanae is a species of combtooth blenny in the genus Alticus. Fourmanoir originally placed this species in the genus Andamia. It is a tropical blenny known from Comoros, Seychelles, and Réunion, in the western Indian Ocean. Males can reach a maximum total length of 7.6 centimetres (2.99 inches). Blennies in this species are oviparous and form distinct pairs when mating. They feed primarily off of benthic algae and weeds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kirk's blenny</span> Species of fish

The Kirk's blenny is a species of combtooth blenny in the genus Alticus. It was described by A. Günther in 1964, originally as a member of the genus Salarias. It is a tropical blenny which is known from the Red Sea, Mozambique, Réunion, the Persian Gulf, and India, in the Indian Ocean. Kirk's blennies inhabit waters near the shore, and often spend time out of the water. They are able to breathe air when on land. They are oviparous, and form distinct pairs when mating; they also guard their eggs.

Alticus montanoi, Montano's rockskipper, is a species of combtooth blenny. It is a tropical blenny, and is known from the western Pacific Ocean, from around the Philippines northwards to Japan. It lives in the intertidal zone of exposed rocky shores and is often out of the water. The blennies are oviparous, and form distinct pairs when mating. They feed primarily off of benthic algae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leaping blenny</span> Species of fish

The leaping blenny, also known as the jumping blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny in the genus Alticus. There is some uncertainty as to whether it was first described by J.R. Forster in 1788 or B.G.E. Lacepède in 1800, although Fishbase currently accredits it to Forster. It was originally described as a member of the genus Blennius.

Andamia reyi, the suckerlip blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

<i>Aspidontus dussumieri</i> Species of fish

Aspidontus dussumieri, the lance blenny or Dussumier's blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The specific name honours the French explorer and merchant Jean-Jacques Dussumier (1792-1883).

Dodekablennos fraseri is a species of combtooth blenny found in the western Indian Ocean, around Réunion and Mauritius. This species is a resident of tide pools where it can be found at depths of from 0 to 2 metres. This species is the only known member of its genus. Its specific name honours Thomas H. Fraser of the Mote Marine Laboratory who collected the type.

Litobranchus fowleri, Fowler's rockskipper, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the western Pacific ocean. It can reach a maximum length of 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in) SL. This species is currently the only species in its genus. The specific name hours the American ichthyologist Henry Weed Fowler (1878-1965).

Lupinoblennius nicholsi, the highfin blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in the western Atlantic ocean, on the coasts of the Gulf of Mexico in north-eastern Mexico and Texas, it has also been recorded from Englewood, Florida. This species reaches a length of 6 centimetres (2.4 in) TL. The specific name honours the American ichthyologist John Treadwell Nichols (1883-1958).

Lupinoblennius paivai, Paiva's blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny endemic to a small area Brazil from Bahia to Santa Catarina where its habitat is the tidal reaches of coastal streams and small rivers. This species can grow to a length of 5.1 centimetres (2.0 in) SL. The specific name honours the Brazilian oceanographer João de Paiva Carvalho (1903-1961) of the Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo in recognition of his cooperation with Pinto.

<i>Omobranchus germaini</i> Species of fish

Omobranchus germaini, Germain's blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the western Pacific ocean.

<i>Plagiotremus goslinei</i> Species of fish

Plagiotremus goslinei, the biting blenny, Gosline's fangblenny, scale-eating blenny or the scale-eating fang blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the eastern central Pacific Ocean. This species reaches a length of 6.3 centimetres (2.5 in) SL. The specific name honours the American ichthyologist William A. Gosline (1915-2002) of the University of Hawaiʻi.

Rhabdoblennius snowi, Snow's rockskipper or the Snow blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the Pacific ocean. This species reaches a length of 7 centimetres (2.8 in) TL. The specific name of this blenny honours the collector of the type, the missionary Benjamin Galen Snow (1817-1880).

<i>Salarias patzneri</i> Species of fish

Salarias patzneri, Patzner's blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the western central Pacific ocean. This species can reach a length of 5.5 centimetres (2.2 in) TL. The specific name honours the Austrian ichthyologist Robert A. Patzner who worked on the genitalia of blennies and who shared specimens with Hans Bath.

Ecsenius collettei, known commonly as the Collete's blenny in Papua New Guinea, is a species of combtooth blenny in the genus Ecsenius. It is found in coral reefs in the western central Pacific ocean, specifically in Papua New Guinea. It can reach a maximum length of 5 centimetres. The blennies feed primarily off of plants, and benthic algae and weeds. he specific name honours Bruce B. Collette the Director of the National Marine Fisheries Service Systematics Laboratory, whose collection of fish specimens from New Guinea contained a number important blenniid specimens, one of which was this species.

Ecsenius randalli is a species of combtooth blenny in the genus Ecsenius. It is found the western central Pacific ocean, around Indonesia. It can reach a maximum length of 2 centimetres. Blennies in this species feed primarily off of plants, including benthic algae and weeds. The specific name of this blenny honours the American ichthyologist John E. Randall of the Bishop Museum in Honolulu, who collected the type, photographed it and permitted Victor G. Springer to describe it.

Xiphasia matsubarai, the Japanese snake blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in the western Pacific and Indian oceans just extending into the Atlantic Ocean in False Bay, South Africa. This species can be found at depths ranging from the surface to 4,960 m (16,270 ft). This species reaches 30 cm (12 in) in SL. This species feeds primarily on bony fish, rising to the surface at night to feed. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.

Coralliozetus rosenblatti, the spikefin blenny, is a species of chaenopsid blenny found in coral reefs in the eastern central Pacific ocean. It can reach a maximum length of 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in) TL. This species feeds primarily on zooplankton. The specific name honours the ichthyologist Richard H. Rosenblatt (1930-2014) of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.

References

  1. Williams, J.T. (2014). "Alticus arnoldorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2014: e.T48321090A48364734. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T48321090A48364734.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Alticus arnoldorum at www.fishbase.org.
  3. Synonyms of Alticus arnoldorum at www.fishbase.org.
  4. Curtiss, A., 1938 [ref. 18057] A short zoology of Tahiti in the Society islands. Guide Printing Company, Inc., Brooklyn, New York. i-xvi + 1-193.
  5. Common names for Alticus arnoldorum at www.fishbase.org.
  6. Reproduction of Alticus arnoldorum at www.fishbase.org.
  7. Alticus arnoldorum at www.fishwise.co.za.
  8. Food items reported for Alticus arnoldorum at www.fishbase.org.
  9. 1 2 "Pacific leaping blenny now considered a terrestrial species" Archived 2013-12-24 at the Wayback Machine www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk
  10. Morgans, CL; Cooke, GM; Ord, TJ (6 May 2014). "How populations differentiate despite gene flow: sexual and natural selection drive phenotypic divergence within a land fish, the Pacific leaping blenny". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 14 (97): 97. Bibcode:2014BMCEE..14...97M. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-97 . PMC   4055934 . PMID   24884492.
  11. Pictures: "Walking" Fish a Model of Evolution in Action. Christine Dell'Amore, September 1st, 2011. National Geographic News.
  12. Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara (26 October 2018). "Order BLENNIIFORMES: Family BLENNIIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 24 February 2019.