| Paraleptophlebia submarginata | |
|---|---|
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| Female of Paraleptophlebia submarginata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Ephemeroptera |
| Family: | Leptophlebiidae |
| Genus: | Paraleptophlebia |
| Species: | P. submarginata |
| Binomial name | |
| Paraleptophlebia submarginata (Stephens, 1835) | |
| Synonyms | |
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Paraleptophlebia submarginata is a species of prong-gilled mayfly in the family Leptophlebiidae. [1] [2]
Paraleptophlebia submarginata can reach a body length of about 9–12 mm (0.35–0.47 in). These mayflies have a very dark brown body, with a clear darker drawing on the back and transparent wings of about 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in), with evident ribs. The front wings are triangular and quite long, while the back wings are much smaller, about a third of the front wings, and rather round in shape. The head is perpendicular to the body axis, with the eyes on the side. At the back of the rear body there are three long cerci, reaching 12–15 mm (0.47–0.59 in) in males, 9–12 mm (0.35–0.47 in) in females. They have short bristles on both sides.
This species is very abundant in the upper and middle rivers and streams with stony ground of most of Europe. It is present in Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Jersey, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom. [3]
Females of Paraleptophlebia submarginata lay eggs onto the water surface. Eggs sink immediately to the bottom. These mayfly lives most of its life as larvae or nymphs. Larvae usually stay in the moss lawn of stones. They eat small particles of organic matter, such as algae, plant residues or decaying plants. Nymphs show an elongated and round shaped body, reaching a length of about 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in). Subimago live about 20 hours, imago up to 3 days. Adults can be found from early April to mid-September. At the rest the wings are held straight up and out of the body. Adults do not feed at all. Males rarely live more than one day.
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Damselflies are flying insects of the suborder Zygoptera in the order Odonata. They are similar to dragonflies but are smaller and have slimmer bodies. Most species fold the wings along the body when at rest, unlike dragonflies which hold the wings flat and away from the body. Damselflies have existed since the Jurassic, and are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Mayflies are aquatic insects belonging to the order Ephemeroptera. This order is part of an ancient group of insects termed the Palaeoptera, which also contains dragonflies and damselflies. Over 3,000 species of mayfly are known worldwide, grouped into over 400 genera in 42 families.
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Ephemera danica, the green drake or green drake mayfly, is a species of mayfly in the genus Ephemera.
The marsh bluet is a damselfly species in the family Coenagrionidae.
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Gomphurus externus, the plains clubtail, is a species of dragonfly in the family Gomphidae.
Lygus pratensis is a species of plant bug belonging to the family Miridae.
Siphlonurus lacustris is a species of mayfly belonging to the family Siphlonuridae. This species is present in most of Europe.
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Dolania is a monotypic genus of mayfly in the family Behningiidae containing the single species Dolania americana, also known as the American sand-burrowing mayfly. It is found in the southeastern United States, as far south as Florida, and is generally uncommon. The adult insects emerge before dawn in early summer, mate and die within the space of about thirty minutes. The female deposits her eggs in the water and dies within five minutes of emergence. This is believed to be the shortest adult lifespan of any insect.
Hexagenia limbata, the giant mayfly, is a species of mayfly in the family Ephemeridae. It is native to North America where it is distributed widely near lakes and slow-moving rivers. The larvae, known as nymphs, are aquatic and burrow in mud and the adult insects have brief lives. They are often referred to as fish flies around the Great Lakes as they tend to cause the areas around water to smell like rotten fish.
Euthyrhynchus floridanus, the Florida predatory stink bug, is a species of carnivorous shield bug in the family Pentatomidae, the only species in the genus Euthyrhynchus. It is native to the hottest parts of the southeastern United States and is considered beneficial because it feeds on many species of pest insects. They also feed on things such as grasshoppers and other small insects. This species also hunts in a pack, with up to twelve.
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