| Parmelia lambii | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Parmelia |
| Species: | P. lambii |
| Binomial name | |
| Parmelia lambii Øvstedal (2009) | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Parmelia lambii is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the Antarctic Peninsula.
The species was first described by Auguste-Marie Hue in 1915 as Physcia tabacina. [2] The type specimen was collected from Jenny Island in Marguerite Bay. Although the specimen was later lost, Elke Mackenzie had examined it and written up an unpublished description in 1959. [3] Based on Mackenzie's detailed description, Dag Olav Øvstedal proposed in 2009 that the specimen actually represented a previously unrecognized species of Parmelia . He considered that the minute punctiform (point-like) pseudocyphellae suggested a position in genus Punctelia , but the presence of atranorin and salazinic acid as lichen products indicated a placement in Parmelia. Because the name Parmelia tabacina had already been published for another taxon, a new name was need, and so Øvstedal honoured Elke Mackenzie (formerly Lamb) in the new specific epithet lambii. [4]
Parmelia is a genus of medium to large foliose lichens. It has a global distribution, extending from the Arctic to the Antarctic continent but concentrated in temperate regions. There are about 40 species in Parmelia. In recent decades, the once large genus Parmelia has been divided into a number of smaller genera according to thallus morphology and phylogenetic relatedness.
Bryonora is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanoraceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1983 by lichenologist Josef Poelt, with Bryonora castanea assigned as the type species.
Bellemerea is a genus of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) crustose lichens in the family Lecideaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1984 by Josef Hafellner and Claude Roux, with B. alpina as the type species. The generic name honours French lichenologist André Henri Bellemère (1927–2014).
Ropalospora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi, and the sole member of the monogeneric family Ropalosporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1860. The family was proposed by Josef Hafellner in 1984.
Menegazzia subsimilis is a species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae It is found scattered across the world, including Oceania, Asia, Europe, South America, the Caribbean and North America. It has recently been recorded for the first times in Tibet (2005), in the British Isles, and in Malaysia and Indonesia (2007).
Elke Mackenzie, born Ivan Mackenzie Lamb, was a British polar explorer and botanist who specialized in the field of lichenology. Beginning her education at the Edinburgh Academy, Mackenzie later pursued botany at Edinburgh University, earning a Bachelor of Science degree in 1933. Her career highlights include a secret World War II mission, Operation Tabarin, in Antarctica, where she identified and documented many lichen species, several of them previously unknown to science.
Punctelia appalachensis, commonly known as the Appalachian speckled shield lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the eastern United States and eastern Canada. The lichen was first formally described in 1962 by lichenologist William Culberson as a species of Parmelia. He collected the type specimen growing on tree bark in West Virginia, Hildur Krog transferred it to the newly circumscribed genus Punctelia in 1982.
Constipatic acid is a fatty acid found in several lichen species. It was isolated, identified, and named by Douglas Chester and John Alan Elix in a 1979 publication. The compound was extracted from the Australian leafy lichen called Xanthoparmelia constipata, which was collected on schist boulders west of Springton, South Australia. The related compounds protoconstipatic acid and dehydroconstipatic acid were also reported concurrently. Syo Kurokawa and Rex Filson had previously detected the compounds using thin-layer chromatography when they formally described the lichen as a new species in 1975, but had not characterised them chemically.
Punctelia borrerina is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in Mexico and South America.
Punctelia graminicola is a species of foliose (leafy) lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It grows on rocks, and, less frequently, on bark in North America, South America, and East Africa. It has a blue-grey thallus measuring up to about 15 cm (6 in), covered with tiny pores called pseudocyphellae. Sometimes the lichen forms small lobes that project out from the surface. Fruiting bodies are uncommon in this species; if present, they resemble small cups with a brown internal disc measuring 3–10 mm (0.1–0.4 in) in diameter. A lookalike species, Punctelia hypoleucites, is not readily distinguishable from Punctelia graminicola by appearance or habitat alone; these species can only be reliably differentiated by examining the length of their conidia.
Schaereria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the sole genus in the family Schaereriaceae, which itself is the only family in the Schaereriales, an order in the subclass Ostropomycetidae of the class Lecanoromycetes. Most Schaereria species are crustose lichens that live on rocks. Schaereria was first proposed by Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855 and was later taken up by other lichenologists despite periods of disuse.
Lambiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Xylographaceae. The genus was circumscribed by German botanist Hannes Hertel in 1984, with Lambiella psephota assigned as the type species.
Punctelia borreri is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is a common and widely distributed species, occurring in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania, and South America. The lichen typically grows on bark of deciduous trees, and less commonly on rock. Some European countries have reported increases in the geographic range or regional frequency of the lichen in recent decades, attributed alternatively to a reduction of atmospheric sulphur dioxide levels or an increase in temperatures resulting from climate change.
Bellemerea elegans is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Lecideaceae. Found in Antarctica, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Norwegian lichenologist Dag Øvstedal. The type specimen was collected from the Admiralty Bay area of King George Island. Here, at an altitude of 105 m (344 ft), it was found growing on boulders that were overgrown with the beard lichen Usnea aurantiacoatra. Bellemerea elegans is only known from the type specimen. It has a crustose, grey, areolate thallus measuring 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) wide. Its apothecia are more or less immersed in the thallus (aspicilioid), measuring up to 1.1 in diameter, with a dull brown disc. Ascospores number eight per ascus, and measure 12–14 by 5–7 μm. The lichen contains porphyrilic acid, a lichen product.
Lecanora austrae-frigidae is a rare species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in Antarctica, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Norwegian lichenologist Dag Øvstedal. The type specimen was collected from Deception Island. Here it was found growing on the imported timber of a decrepit whaling station. The lichen has a pale yellow-green, crustose thallus up to 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) wide and up to 0.3 mm thick. The apothecia start out immersed in the thallus, but later become sessile; they are up to 0.7 mm wide with a flat, orange-brown disc. No mature ascospores were detected in the type specimen. Several lichen products are found in Lecanora austrae-frigidae: arthothelin is a major metabolite, while minor compounds include atranorin, lichexanthone, and several chlorinated derivatives of both lichexanthone and norlichexanthone.
Schaereria albomarginata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. Found in continental Antarctica, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Norwegian lichenologist Dag Øvstedal. The type specimen was collected from the Wakefield Highlands in Eternity Range at an altitude of 2,200 m (7,200 ft). Here the lichen was found growing in rock fissures. Its thallus appears as small tufts up to 10 mm (0.4 in) in diameter on thick, pale, rhizomorphs with overlapping areolae. The areolae are brown with a prominent white margin; this feature is referred to in the specific epithet albomarginata. Its ascospores are simple, colourless, and more or less spherical, measuring about 7 μm in diameter. No lichen products were detected in the specimen.
Phacopsis thallicola is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1852 by Italian botanist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo, as Lecidea thallicola. The type specimen, collected from the province of Treviso in Italy, was growing on the foliose lichen Parmelia caperata. Dagmar Triebel and Gerhard Walter Rambold transferred the taxon to the genus Phacopsis in 1988. The known generic hosts of Phacopsis thallicola are all in the Parmeliaceae: Parmotrema, Cetrelia, Flavopunctelia, and Hypotrachyna.
Hannes Hertel is a German botanist and taxonomist and was Director of the State Herbarium in Munich, Germany 1992 - 2004. His specialist areas are the fungi and lichens.
Usnea sphacelata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the large family Parmeliaceae. It is found in both polar regions of Earth, as well as in southern and northern South America and in New Zealand.