Peltandreae

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Peltandreae
Temporal range: 82.7 –0  Ma
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Late Cretaceous – Recent [1]
Peltandra virginica MA.jpg
Peltandra virginica cultivated in the botanical garden in Göttingen, Germany
Typhonodorum Seychelles.JPG
Typhonodorum lindleyanum cultivated in the Victoria Botanical Garden, Seychelles
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Subfamily: Aroideae
Tribe: Peltandreae
Engl. [2] [3]
Type genus
Peltandra Raf.
Genera

Peltandreae is a tribe of plants in the arum family. [1] [4]

Contents

Distribution

The distribution is disjunct. Peltandra is native to Eastern North America and the Caribbean (Canada, USA, Cuba) [5] and Typhonodorum is native to Africa (the Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Tanzania). [6]

Taxonomy

Taxonomic history

The tribe was first described in 1876 by the German botanist Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler (Engl.). [2] [3] Engler placed Typhonodorum in a separate tribe Typhonodoreae. [7] [8] [9] However, it is now included in Peltandreae. [10] [1]

Genera

Peltandreae consists of the following two genera: [4]

Phylogeny

It is closely related to the European tribes Ambrosineae and Arisareae. These three tribes shared a common ancestor about 82.7 million years ago. [1] 60 Million years old Peltandreae fossils have been found in Europe, North America, and Central Asia. [4] Therefore, the group has existed for at least 60 Million years, as the evidence of the fossil record suggests, [4] but the analysis of the molecular clock suggests this group is about 82.7 million years old. [1]

The precise relationships are displayed in the following cladogram: [1]

Ambrosineae

Ambrosina Ambrosina bassii (16636137351).jpg

Arisareae

Arisarum Arisarum vulgare, Crete 01(js).jpg

Peltandreae

Typhonodorum Typhonodorum lindleyanum kz1.jpg

Peltandra Plant Peltandra Alligator River NWR ncwetlands am (119).jpg


Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Araceae</span> Family of flowering plants

The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe. Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 140 genera and about 4,075 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.

<i>Peltandra</i> Genus of flowering plants

Peltandra, the arrow arums, is a genus of plants in the family Araceae. It is native to the eastern United States, eastern Canada, and Cuba.

  1. Peltandra sagittifolia - (Michx.) Morong - Spoon flower or the white arrow arum - southeastern US from eastern Louisiana to Virginia
  2. Peltandra virginica(L.) Schott - Arum arrow - Cuba, Quebec, Ontario, Oregon, California, Washington; eastern US from Maine to Florida, west to Texas, Kansas, and Minnesota
  3. †Peltandra primaeva – Eocene, Golden Valley Formation, North Dakota, USA
<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adolf Engler</span> German botanist (1844–1930) noted for taxonomy

Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler was a German botanist. He is notable for his work on plant taxonomy and phytogeography, such as Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, edited with Karl A. E. von Prantl.

<i>Pothos</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Pothos is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Australia, New Guinea, Southeast Asia, and various islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

<i>Heteropsis</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Heteropsis is a genus of plants in the family Araceae, native to Central and South America.

<i>Rhaphidophora</i> Genus of plants

Rhaphidophora is a genus in the family Araceae, occurring from tropical Africa eastwards through Malesia and Australasia to the Western Pacific. The genus consists of approximately 100 species.

<i>Rhodospatha</i> Genus of plants

Rhodospatha is a genus of plant in family Araceae. It is native to South America, Central America, and southern Mexico.

<i>Stenospermation</i> Genus of plants

Stenospermation is a genus of plant in family Araceae native to South America and Central America.

<i>Epipremnum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Epipremnum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae, found in tropical forests from China, the Himalayas, and Southeast Asia to Australia the western Pacific. They are evergreen perennial vines climbing with the aid of aerial roots. They may be confused with other Monstereae such as Rhaphidophora, Scindapsus and Amydrium.

<i>Ambrosina</i> Genus of flowering plants

Ambrosina is a genus in the family Araceae that consists of only one species, Ambrosina bassii, and the only genus in the tribe Ambrosineae. This species is the smallest aroid in the Mediterranean, growing only to 8 cm tall. It is usually found growing in woodlands on north faces of hillsides and in humus soil that is covering limestone. It is distributed in Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily, southern mainland Italy, Tunisia, and Algeria.

<i>Biarum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Biarum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is composed of plants that are native to the Middle East, southern Europe, and North Africa. Biarum are often found growing in rock crevices and graveled soil composed largely of limestone.

<i>Stylochaeton</i> Genus of flowering plants

Stylochaeton is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae that is endemic to Africa. Stylochaeton are rhizomatous with hastate leaves. Flowering in this genus is said to be quite uncommon. Stylochaeton is the sole genus in the tribe Stylochaetoneae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aroideae</span> Subfamily of flowering plants

Aroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is the largest subfamily in Araceae and consists of about 72 different genera, and 2,300 species. Many Aroideae have spiny pollen grains without a sporopollenin outer exine layer and lacking an aperture.

<i>Urospatha</i> Genus of flowering plants

Urospatha is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae that consists of approximately 10 known species. They are found growing in South America and Central America in swamps, wet savannahs, and brackish water. The leaves of the species in this genus are upward pointing and sagittate (arrow-shaped). The inflorescences are quite unique; the spathe is mottled and elongated with a spiral twist at the end. The seeds are distributed by water and have a texture similar to cork that allows them to float. They also quickly germinate in water.

<i>Dracontioides</i> Genus of flowering plants

Dracontioides is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It was long thought to contain only a single species until a second species was described in 2005. Both are endemic to Brazil.

<i>Cercestis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Cercestis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The species in this genus are all climbers and are endemic to Africa. At intervals along the stem they produce long leafless shoots called flagella. Many of the species in Cersestis show signs of fenestration.

<i>Culcasia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Culcasia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae, native to tropical Africa. Most of its species are climbers and resemble Cercestis, except that they do not produce flagella.

  1. Culcasia angolensisWelw. ex Schott - western + central Africa from Senegal to Angola
  2. Culcasia annetiiNtépé-Nyamè - Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Liberia
  3. Culcasia bosiiNtépé-Nyamè - Cameroon, Gabon, Congo-Brazzaville
  4. Culcasia brevipetiolataBogner - Gabon
  5. Culcasia caudataEngl. - Zaïre
  6. Culcasia dinklageiEngl - western + central Africa from Liberia to Zaïre
  7. Culcasia ekongoloiNtépé-Nyamè - central Africa from Nigeria to Zaïre
  8. Culcasia falcifoliaEngl. - central Africa from Gabon east to Tanzania and south to Mozambique
  9. Culcasia glandulosaHepper - Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Congo-Brazzaville
  10. Culcasia insulanaN.E.Br. - Zaïre, Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Islands
  11. Culcasia lanceolataEngl. - Cameroon, Gabon
  12. Culcasia libericaN.E.Br. - Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Togo
  13. Culcasia linearifoliaBogner - Cameroon, Gabon
  14. Culcasia loukandensisPellegr - Cameroon, Gabon, Congo-Brazzaville, Zaïre, Central African Republic
  15. Culcasia mannii(Hook.f.) Engl. - Cameroon, Gabon, Congo-Brazzaville, Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea
  16. Culcasia obliquifoliaEngl. - Cameroon, Gabon
  17. Culcasia orientalisMayo - Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia
  18. Culcasia panduriformisEngl. & K.Krause - Cameroon, Gabon
  19. Culcasia parvifloraN.E.Br. - western + central Africa from Liberia to Zaïre
  20. Culcasia rotundifoliaBogner - Gabon
  21. Culcasia sanagensisNtépé-Nyamè - Cameroon
  22. Culcasia scandensP.Beauv. - western + central Africa from Liberia to Angola
  23. Culcasia seretiiDe Wild - western + central Africa from Liberia to Zaïre
  24. Culcasia simiarumNtépé-Nyamè - western Africa from Ivory Coast to Cameroon
  25. Culcasia striolataEngl. - western + central Africa from Liberia to Congo-Brazzaville
  26. Culcasia tenuifoliaEngl. - western + central Africa from Liberia to Zaïre
  27. Culcasia yangambiensisLouis & Mullend. - Congo-Brazzaville, Zaïre
<i>Eminium</i> Genus of flowering plants

Eminium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. The genus ranges from Turkey and Egypt east to Central Asia. Usually they can be found growing in barren areas in sand or stony soil. The foliage of Eminium resembles Helicodiceros and its inflorescence and fruit resembles those of Biarum.

  1. Eminium albertii(Regel) Engl. - Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan
  2. Eminium heterophyllum(Blume) Schott - Iran, Iraq, Turkey
  3. Eminium intortum(Banks & Sol.) Kuntze - Turkey, Syria
  4. Eminium jaegeriBogner & P.C.Boyce - Iran
  5. Eminium koenenianumLobin & P.C.Boyce - Turkey
  6. Eminium lehmannii(Bunge) Kuntze - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan
  7. Eminium rauwolffii(Blume) Schott - Turkey, Syria
  8. Eminium regeliiVved. - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
  9. Eminium spiculatum(Blume) Schott - Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran
<i>Taccarum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Taccarum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. It is endemic to South America. The genus tends to grow in rocky areas.

  1. Taccarum caudatumRusby - Bolivia, Peru, Acre State in western Brazil
  2. Taccarum crassispathumE.G.Gonç. - central Brazil
  3. Taccarum peregrinum(Schott) Engl. - Paraguay, southern Brazil, Misiones Province of Argentina
  4. Taccarum uleiEngl. & K.Krause - eastern Brazil
  5. Taccarum warmingiiEngl. - southern Brazil
  6. Taccarum weddellianumBrongn. ex Schott - Bolivia, Peru, Paraguay, central and western Brazil

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mansion, G., Rosenbaum, G., Schoenenberger, N., Bacchetta, G., Rosselló, J. A., & Conti, E. (2008). "Phylogenetic analysis informed by geological history supports multiple, sequential invasions of the Mediterranean Basin by the angiosperm family Araceae." Systematic Biology, 57(2), 269-285.
  2. 1 2 Peltandreae. (n.d.). NCBI Taxonomy Browser. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=293504&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock
  3. 1 2 Peltandreae Engl., 1887. (n.d.). Atlas - SINP De La Réunion. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from http://atlas.borbonica.re/espece/892514
  4. 1 2 3 4 Renner, S. S., & Zhang, L. B. (2004). Biogeography of the Pistia clade (Araceae): based on chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA sequences and Bayesian divergence time inference. Systematic Biology, 53(3), 422-432.
  5. ↑ "Peltandra Raf". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  6. ↑ "Typhonodorum Schott". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  7. ↑ Engler, A. (1876). "Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die morphologischen Verhältnisse der Araceae (Vol. 3)." Druck von E. Blochmann & Sohn für die Akademie in Commission bei Wilh. Engelmann in Leipzig.
  8. ↑ Boodle, L. A., & HILL, A. W. (1929). "Typhonodorum lindleyanum: The development of the embryo and germination of the seed." Annals of Botany, 43(171), 437-450.
  9. ↑ Engler, A. (1915). "Araceae-Philodendroideae-Anubiadeae, Aglaonemateae, Dieffenbachieae, Zantedeschieae, Typhonodoreae, Peltandreae."
  10. ↑ Typhonodorum. (n.d.). GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from https://www.gbif.org/species/103021699


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