Pepsinae

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Pepsinae
Pepsis sp 02.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Pompilidae
Subfamily: Pepsinae
Tribes

The Pepsinae are a subfamily of the spider wasp family, Pompilidae, including the two genera of large tarantula hawks, as well as many genera of smaller species. [1]

Contents

Taxonomy

The subfamily Pepsinae comprises 84 genera. [2] These include 16 genera of Ageniellini, [3] [4] 7 genera of Deuterageniini, [5] 48 genera of Pepsini, [6] [7] [8] 11 genera of Priocnemini, [9] [10] 1 genus of Psoropempulini, [11] and 1 genus unplaced to tribe. [12]

Tribe Ageniellini

Auplopus carbonarius with prey Auplopus carbonarius fg01 20060623 Nied Garten.jpg
Auplopus carbonarius with prey

Tribe Deuterageniini

Tribe Pepsini

Orange spider wasp Cryptocheilus bicolor (or Heterodontonyx bicolor) Sydney Spider Wasp.JPG
Orange spider wasp Cryptocheilus bicolor (or Heterodontonyx bicolor)

Tribe Priocnemini

Tribe Psoropempulini

Incertae sedis

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spider wasp</span> Family of wasps

Wasps in the family Pompilidae are commonly called spider wasps, spider-hunting wasps, or pompilid wasps. The family is cosmopolitan, with some 5,000 species in six subfamilies. Nearly all species are solitary, and most capture and paralyze prey, though members of the subfamily Ceropalinae are kleptoparasites of other pompilids, or ectoparasitoids of living spiders.

<i>Episyron</i> Genus of wasps

Episyron is a genus of wasps in the family Pompilidae which prey on spiders. Nine species are found in Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pompilinae</span> Subfamily of wasps

The Pompilinae are a subfamily of the spider wasp family, Pompilidae, the species of which lay their eggs on the paralysed bodies of their prey.

<i>Dipogon</i> (wasp) Genus of wasps

Dipogon is a genus of spider wasps of the family Pompilidae in the subfamily Pepsinae. They are found in Europe, Asia, and North America. Their generic name comes from the characteristic long bristle tufts just below the mandibles, which are used to carry material to construct the cells in the nest, and for constructing the nest.

<i>Auplopus</i> Genus of wasps

Auplopus is a large genus of spider wasps belonging to the subfamily Pepsinae of the spider wasp family Pompilidae, distributed throughout the world except for Antarctica. Auplopus wasps amputate the legs of their spider prey before transporting it to the nest.

<i>Cryptocheilus</i> Genus of wasps

Cryptocheilus is a genus of spider wasps of the subfamily Pepsinae, they are found in the world's warmer regions. They vary in size from medium to large and are often strikingly coloured. The females construct multicellular nests in cavities, once built each cell is stocked with a spider, captured by the female. They are found in open habitats such as heaths, meadows and forest edges.

The Ctenocerinae are a subfamily of spider wasps, Pompilidae, which contains a small number of genera, two in the Neotropics, four in Australia and the remainder in Africa. Ctenocerine wasps have evidently evolved from a common ancestor with the Pepsinae, but are specialized for preying upon trap-door spiders (Ctenizidae).

Homonotus is a genus of spider hunting wasps with an old world distribution, mainly in Africa.

<i>Priocnemis</i> Genus of wasps

Priocnemis is a genus of pepsine spider wasp containing around 30 species.

<i>Evagetes</i> Genus of wasps

Evagetes is a genus of spider wasps from the family Pompilidae. There are 72 described species, of which 58 are found in the Palaearctic region, 11 in the Nearctic region, with a few penetrating to the Afrotropical, Oriental and Neotropic regions. Evagetes wasps are kleptoparasitic on other pompilid wasps, especially the genera Arachnospila, Anoplius, Episyron and Pompilus, digging into their sealed burrows, eating the host egg and replacing it with an egg of its own. Evagetes wasps are characterised by their very short antennae. Most are species are black with the base of the antennae rufous, several Evagetes species are very metallic bluish insects.

<i>Arachnospila</i> Genus of wasps

Arachnospila is a predominantly Holarctic genus of spider wasps, with limited representation in montane habitats in Neotropical and Afrotropical regions. They are found in open habitats and at forest edge, the nests may contain more than one cell.

<i>Caliadurgus</i> Genus of wasps

Caliadurgus is a genus of spider wasps of the subfamily Pepsinae. These are medium-sized black spider wasps with some red. They have a catholic habitat choice and their preferred prey are spiders of the families Araneidae and Tetragnathidae. They have a Holarctic and Neotropical distribution.

<i>Caliadurgus fasciatellus</i> Species of wasp

Caliadurgus fasciatellus is a species of spider wasp from the subfamily Pepsinae found from Western Europe to the Far East of Asia.

<i>Cyphononyx</i> Genus of wasps

Cyphononyx is a genus of spider hunting wasps in the family Pompilidae.

Ireangelus is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. Irenangelus is closely related to the more widespread genus Ceropales, the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor.

Paracyphononyx is a genus of spider wasps distributed in the tropics and warmer temperate regions; they differ from other pompilids in that they do not permanently disable the host spider but allow the spider to resume activity after the wasp has laid its egg on the spider while the wasp larva exists as koinobiont ectoparasitoid of the spider.

<i>Hemipepsis</i> Genus of wasps

Hemipepsis is a genus of large pepsine spider wasps found throughout the tropics. They are commonly known as tarantula hawks. Hemipepsis wasps are morphologically similar to the related genera Pepsis and Entypus, but distinguishable by the pattern of wing venation. In South Africa 18 plant species from three plant families, the Apocynaceae, Orchidaceae, and Asparagaceae subfamily Scilloideae are pollinated exclusively by Hemipepsis wasps.

<i>Entypus</i> Genus of wasps

Entypus is a genus of spider wasps in the family Pompilidae. There are at least 40 described species in Entypus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pepsini</span> Tribe of wasps

Pepsini is a tribe of spider wasps in the family Pompilidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ageniellini</span> Tribe of insects

Ageniellini, known as the mud-nesting spider wasps, is a tribe of spider wasps in the subfamily Pepsinae.

References

  1. "Pepsinae - WaspWeb".
  2. Loktionov, Valery M. (2023). "Geographical distribution of the spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) of the world". Russian Entomological Journal. 32 (4): 394–402. doi:10.15298/rusentj.32.4.05.
  3. Shimizu, Akira; Wasbauer, Marius; Takami, Yasuoki (2010). "Phylogeny and the evolution of nesting behaviour in the tribe Ageniellini (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 160 (1): 88–117. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00592.x .
  4. Wahis, Raymond; Durand, Frédéric; Villemant, Claire (2009). "Pompiles de l'île d'Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Pompilidae)". Zoosystema. 31 (3): 707–718. doi:10.5252/z2009n3a15.
  5. Lelej, Arkady S.; Loktionov, Valery M. (2012). "Phylogeny and classification of the tribe Deuterageniini (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae: Pepsinae)". Far East Entomologist (254): 1–15. Retrieved 2024-02-17.
  6. Xiaoling, J.I.; Chongyang, L.I.; Li, M.A.; Qiang, L.I. (2015). "Taxonomy of Pepsini (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) From Yunnan Province". Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University(Natural Science). 30 (2): 203–209. doi:10.16211/j.issn.1004-390X(n).2015.02.007.
  7. Loktionov, Valery M.; Lelej, Arkady S. (2017). "An annotated catalogue of the spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) of Russia". Zootaxa. 4280 (1): 1–95. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4280.1.1.
  8. Fernández, Fernando; Rodriguez, Juanita; Waichert, Cecilia; Decker, Brenna; Pitts, James (2022). "Twenty two years later: An updated checklist of Neotropical spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)". Zootaxa. 5116 (4): 451–503. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5116.4.1.
  9. Loktionov, Valery M.; Lelej, Arkady S. (2018). "Discovery of the spider wasp genus Sphictostethus Kohl, 1884 (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae: Pepsinae) in New Guinea, with description of two new species". Zootaxa. 4429 (2): 295–302. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4429.2.5.
  10. Loktionov, Valery M.; Lelej, Arkady S.; Liu, Jing-Xian (2019). "A new genus of spider wasps (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) from China". Far Eastern Entomologist (376): 1–14. doi:10.25221/fee.376.1.
  11. Evans, Howard E. (1974). "A review of Psoropempula, a new genus of Australian Pompilidae (Hymenoptera)". Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London. 126 (3): 261–278. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1974.tb00854.x.
  12. 1 2 Shimizu, Akira; Wahis, Raymond; Harris, Anthony C.; Pitts, James P. (2016). "An extraordinary new genus and species of spider wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from Southeast Asia". Journal of Natural History. 50 (25–26): 1549–1559. doi:10.1080/00222933.2016.1155781.
  13. Waichert, Cecilia; Rodriguez, Juanita; Wasbauer, Marius; von Dohlen, Carol & Pitts, James (2015). "Molecular phylogeny and systematics of spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae): Redefining subfamily boundaries and the origin of the family". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 175 (2): 271–287. doi: 10.1111/zoj.12272 .
  14. Wahis, Raymond (2008). "Contribution à la connaissance des Pompilides d'Australie (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) 2. Sur quelques spécimens récoltés par G. Else (Natural History Museum, London) avec descriptions de deux espèces nouvelles des genres Auplopus et Ctenostegus". Faunistic Entomology – Entomologie faunistique. 61 (1–2): 23–31. Retrieved 2024-02-17.