Persoonia pinifolia

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Pine-leaved geebung
Persoonia pinifolia.jpg
Persoonia pinifolia in Maranoa Gardens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Persoonia
Species:
P. pinifolia
Binomial name
Persoonia pinifolia
Synonyms

Linkia pinifolia (R.Br.) Kuntze
Persoonia pervagans Gand.
Persoonia patulifolia Gand.

Contents

Persoonia pinifolia, commonly known as pine-leaved geebung or as mambara in the Cadigal language, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Sydney region of New South Wales. It is an upright, woody shrub with soft, pine-like foliage and long, terminal racemes of small yellow flowers in late winter to summer.

Persoonia pinifolia fruit Persoonia pinifolia fruit.jpg
Persoonia pinifolia fruit

Description

Persoonia pinifolia grows as an upright woody shrub up to 3 m (10 ft) high and wide. Its young branches are moderately hairy. The leaves are soft and thread-like, 30–70 mm (1–3 in) long, about 0.5 mm (0.02 in) wide, moderately hairy when young, but become glabrous as they age. The ends of the leaves are often curved. The flowers are arranged in long, terminal racemes making them much more conspicuous than those of most other persoonias. The flowers each have a moderately hairy pedicel 1–4 mm (0.04–0.2 in) long and there is a small leaf at the base of each flower. The flower is composed of four tepals 8–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, which are fused at the base but with the tips rolled back. The central style is surrounded by four yellow anthers which are also joined at the base with the tips rolled back, so that it resembles a cross when viewed end-on. Flowering occurs mainly from late winter to summer, sometimes in other months. Flowering is followed by fruit which are fleshy green drupes giving the appearance of a bunch of grapes. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

Persoonia pinifolia was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown from specimens collected "near Port Jackson", and the description was published in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London . [5] [6] The specific epithet (pinifolia) is derived from the Latin words pinus meaning "pine" [7] :609 and folium meaning "leaf". [7] :466

Ecology

The fruits of P. pinifolia are taken by birds, including pied currawong, satin and regent bowerbirds, olive-backed oriole and Lewin's honeyeater but how this affects seed dispersal is not known. [8] Unlike most Proteaceae, Persoonia pinifolia does not have proteoid roots. [9]

Use in horticulture

Pine-leaved geebung is an attractive plant in the garden, but it is difficult to propagate from seed or cuttings. Success has been achieved by clipping the seed coating followed by treatment with gibberellic acid solution. Some clones seem to produce seed that germinates more readily. [10] [11]

The species is reliable in gardens in an open sunny spot with good drainage, and requires little maintanance. The flowers, although small, are well displayed and the plant tolerates reasonably heavy frosts. [12] It is a good hedge or screen plant and often flowers from January to August, followed by interesting olive-like fruit. [13]

Tissue culture has been shown to be successful with P. pinifolia and some other species of persoonia. [14]

Related Research Articles

<i>Persoonia</i> Genus of shrubs and small trees in the family Proteaceae

Persoonia, commonly known as geebungs or snottygobbles, is a genus of about one hundred species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. Plants in the genus Persoonia are shrubs or small trees usually with smooth bark, simple leaves and usually yellow flowers arranged along a raceme, each flower with a leaf or scale leaf at the base. The fruit is a drupe.

<i>Persoonia nutans</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia nutans, commonly known as the nodding geebung, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to part of the Sydney region in New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with linear leaves and yellow flowers on down-turned pedicels.

<i>Persoonia linearis</i> Shrub in the family Proteaceae native to New South Wales and Victoria in eastern Australia

Persoonia linearis, commonly known as the narrow-leaved geebung, is a shrub native to New South Wales and Victoria in eastern Australia. It reaches 3 m (9.8 ft), or occasionally 5 m (16 ft), in height and has thick, dark grey papery bark. The leaves are, as the species name suggests, more or less linear in shape, and are up to 9 cm (3.5 in) long, and 0.1 to 0.7 cm wide. The small yellow flowers appear in summer, autumn and early winter, followed by small green fleshy fruit known as drupes. Within the genus Persoonia, it is a member of the Lanceolata group of 58 closely related species. P. linearis interbreeds with several other species where they grow together.

<i>Persoonia lanceolata</i> Shrub in the family Proteaceae native to New South Wales in eastern Australia

Persoonia lanceolata, commonly known as lance-leaf geebung, is a shrub native to New South Wales in eastern Australia. It reaches 3 m (10 ft) in height and has smooth grey bark and bright green foliage. Its small yellow flowers grow on racemes and appear in the austral summer and autumn, followed by green fleshy fruits which ripen the following spring. Within the genus Persoonia, P. lanceolata belongs to the lanceolata group of 58 closely related species. It interbreeds with several other species found in its range.

<i>Persoonia rigida</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia rigida, commonly known as the rigid-, hairy- or stiff geebung, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect to low-lying shrub with hairy young branchlets, lance-shaped to spatula-shaped leaves that are hairy when young, and yellow flowers borne in groups of up to twenty on a rachis up to 90 mm (3.5 in) long that continues to grow after flowering.

<i>Persoonia subvelutina</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia subvelutina, commonly known as velvety geebung, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a spreading to small tree with branchlets that are hairy when young, elliptic, lance-shaped, egg-shaped or spatula-shaped leaves and yellow flowers arranged singly in leaf axils on a pedicel 1–4 mm (0.039–0.157 in) long.

<i>Persoonia confertiflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia confertiflora, commonly known as cluster-flower geebung, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect to low-lying shrub with hairy young branches, egg-shaped to narrow elliptic leaves, and hairy yellow flowers borne on leaf axils or on the ends of short branches.

<i>Persoonia chamaepitys</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia chamaepitys, commonly known as the prostrate- or mountain geebung, is a shrub endemic to New South Wales in eastern Australia. It has a prostrate habit, reaching only 20 cm (7.9 in) high but spreading up to 2 m (6.6 ft) across, with bright green spine-like leaves and small yellow flowers appearing in summer and autumn.

<i>Persoonia pauciflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia pauciflora, commonly known as the North Rothbury persoonia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a small area of New South Wales. It is a small, spreading shrub with bright green, thread-like leaves and a relatively small number of yellow flowers in summer. A recently described species, it is similar to P. isophylla but has fewer and shorter flowers than that species. A very restricted distribution has led to its classification as "critically endangered" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.

<i>Persoonia myrtilloides</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia myrtilloides, commonly known as myrtle geebung, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves and yellow flowers in groups of up to forty on a rachis up to 170 mm (6.7 in) long.

<i>Persoonia glaucescens</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia glaucescens, commonly known as the Mittagong geebung, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with smooth bark, hairy young branchlets, lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and yellow flowers. It is the only persoonia in eastern Australia with strongly glaucous leaves.

<i>Persoonia virgata</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia virgata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to coastal areas of eastern Australia. It is usually an erect shrub with smooth bark, hairy young branchlets, linear to narrow spatula-shaped leaves, and yellow flowers borne in groups of up to seventy-five on a rachis up to 230 mm (9.1 in) long that continues to grow after flowering.

<i>Persoonia hirsuta</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia hirsuta, commonly known as the hairy geebung or hairy persoonia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to eastern New South Wales, Australia. It is a hairy, spreading to low-lying shrub with linear, lance-shaped or spatula-shaped leaves and yellow or orange flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to ten on a rachis up to 20 mm (0.79 in) long.

<i>Persoonia bargoensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia bargoensis, commonly known as the Bargo geebung, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with linear to lance-shaped leaves, yellow, tube-shaped flowers and green, pear-shaped fruit.

<i>Persoonia chamaepeuce</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia chamaepeuce, commonly known as the dwarf geebung or heathy geebung, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a prostrate shrub with crowded, linear leaves and yellow flowers in the leaf axils.

<i>Persoonia media</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia media is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub or tree with branchlets and leaves that are glabrous or only sparsely hairy, elliptic to egg-shaped and up to sixteen yellow flowers on a rachis up to 150 mm (5.9 in) long.

<i>Persoonia asperula</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia asperula, commonly known as mountain geebung, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect or prostrate shrub with smooth bark, mostly elliptic to oblong leaves and yellow flowers borne singly or in groups of up to nine. It mostly occurs in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales. A small population in Victoria may be a different species.

<i>Persoonia cuspidifera</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia cuspidifera is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern New South Wales. It is an erect shrub with spatula-shaped leaves and greenish yellow, tube-shaped flowers in groups of up to twenty-five.

<i>Persoonia brevifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia brevifolia is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area near the border between south-eastern New South Wales and Victoria. It is an erect shrub with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves and cylindrical yellow flowers arranged singly in leaf axils.

<i>Persoonia recedens</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia recedens is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales, Australia. It is a spreading to low-lying shrub with hairy young branchlets, narrow oblong to narrow elliptic leaves, and yellow flowers borne in groups of up to twelve on a rachis up to 75 mm (3.0 in) that continues to grow after flowering.

References

  1. "Persoonia pinifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  2. 1 2 Weston, Peter H. "Persoonia pinifolia". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  3. "Persoonia pinifolia". Australian Native Plants Society Australia. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  4. Fairley, Alan; Moore, Philip (2010). Native plants of the Sydney region : from Newcastle to Nowra and west to the Dividing Range (3rd ed.). Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin. p. 231. ISBN   9781741755718.
  5. "Persoonia pinifolia". APNI. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  6. Brown, Robert (1810). "On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 10 (1): 160. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  7. 1 2 Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
  8. Myerscough, Peter J.; Whelan, Rob J.; Bradstock, Ross A. (2001). "Ecology of Proteaceae with special reference to the Sydney region". Cunninghamia. 6 (4): 977. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
  9. Purnell , Helen M. (1957). "Studies of the family Proteaceae. I. Anatomy and morphology of the roots of some Victorian species". Australian Journal of Botany. 8 (1): 38–50. doi:10.1071/BT9600038.
  10. Jardine, Duncan. "Persoonia pinifolia". Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  11. Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray (1983). Australian Native Plants - A Manual for their Propagation, Cultivation and Use in Landscaping (2nd ed.). Sydney: William Collins Publishers Pty.Ltd. p. 278. ISBN   0002165759.
  12. "Persoonia pinifolia". Australian Native Plants Society (Australia). Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  13. "Persoonia pinifolia". Mount Annan Botanic Garden. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  14. Offord, Catherine A.; Rollason, Amanda; Frith, Allison (September 2015). "Tissue culture of Persoonia species for horticulture and restoration". Acta Horticulturae (1097): 149–154. doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1097.17.