Penguins are a group of aquatic flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere: only one species, the Galápagos penguin, is found north of the Equator. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins have countershaded dark and white plumage and flippers for swimming. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and other forms of sea life which they catch with their bills and swallow it whole while swimming. A penguin has a spiny tongue and powerful jaws to grip slippery prey.
The plantcutters are a group of passerine birds in the cotinga family, Cotingidae. They were previously in their own family, Phytotomidae. The three plantcutters are all placed in the genus Phytotoma.
Puya raimondii, also known as queen of the Andes (English), titanka (Quechua) or puya de Raimondi (Spanish), is the largest species of bromeliad, its inflorescences reaching up to 15 m (50 ft) in height. It is native to the high Andes of Bolivia and Peru. It was once hypothesized to be a Protocarnivorous plant.
The rufous-tailed plantcutter, sometimes called the Chilean plantcutter, is a passerine bird of southern South America, now placed in the cotinga family. It is a medium-sized bird about 19 centimetres (7.5 in) long with a long black tail with a red base. Males have greyish-brown upper parts, a chestnut crown and breast, and dark facial markings. Females are similar but lack the chestnut crown and have streaked, buff underparts. There is a wing bar which is white in the male and buff in the female. This is a fairly common species with a wide range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".
The hooded tinamou is a type of ground bird found in forests of Bolivia and Peru.
The Andean hillstar is a species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
The black-breasted hillstar is a species of hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae. It is endemic to Peru.
The masked saltator is a species passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae.
The plumbeous hawk is a species of bird of prey in the family Accipitridae.
The puna plover is a species of bird of the genus Charadrius and the family Charadriidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru. Its natural habitats include permanent freshwater lakes as well as saline, brackish, and alkaline marshes. The IUCN Red List assessed the puna plover as "least concern" on October 1st, 2016.
The rufous-chested plover or rufous-chested dotterel, is a monotypic species of bird measuring 19-22 centimeters in length and weighing between 71 and 94 grams It is part of the family Charadriidae. It breeds in southern parts of Argentina and Chile and on the Falkland Islands. Some birds migrate north in winter, reaching as far as Uruguay, southern Brazil and occasionally Peru. Its natural habitats are temperate grassland and sandy shores.
The chestnut-backed thornbird is a species of bird in the family Furnariidae. It is endemic to Peru. Its natural habitat is Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The white-tipped plantcutter is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae. As the other plantcutters, this species is sexually dimorphic and folivorous. It is found widely in woodland and scrub of south-eastern and south-central South America. It is mainly found in lowlands east of the Andes, and ranges well into the highlands in Bolivia.
The Peruvian martin is a species of bird in the family Hirundinidae. It is found in Peru and far northern Chile.
Raimondi's yellow finch is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is endemic to coastal Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.
Ocotea raimondii is a species of tree in the family Lauraceae. It is endemic to Peru and considered as a vulnerable species by the IUCN.
Oreopanax raimondii is a species of plant in the family Araliaceae. It is endemic to Peru.
The Tumbes–Piura dry forests (NT0232) is an arid tropical ecoregion along the Pacific coasts of southern Ecuador and northern Peru. The ecoregion contains many endemic species of flora and birds adapted to the short wet season followed by a long dry season. Threats include extraction of wood for fuel or furniture, and capture of wild birds for sale.
The Maranon antshrike is a passerine the family Thamnophilidae. This non-migratory bird is native to Peru.
