Phaethoquornithes

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Phaethoquornithes
Temporal range: Maastrichtian–Recent,
~72–0  Ma [1]
Juvenile red throated diver.jpg
Juvenile red-throated loon (Gavia stellata)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Neoaves
Clade: Phaethoquornithes
Sangster et al., 2022 [2]
Subgroups
Synonyms

Ardeae

Phaethoquornithes is a clade of birds that contains Eurypygimorphae and Aequornithes, [3] which was first recovered by genome analysis in 2014. [4] Members of Eurypygimorphae were originally classified in the obsolete group Metaves,[ clarification needed ] and Aequornithes were classified as the sister taxon to Musophagiformes or Gruiformes. [5] [6]

This group has also been informally called Ardeae. [7] Older classifications have used Ardeae in a different sense, as a suborder of Ciconiiformes containing herons and related species. [8] George Sangster and colleagues in 2022 named and defined this clade in the PhyloCode as the least inclusive crown clade containing Phaethon aethereus and Pelecanus onocrotalus , but not Apus apus , Charadrius hiaticula , Musophaga violacea , or Passer domesticus . [3]


Phaethoquornithes

Cladogram based on Kuhl et al. (2020) and Stiller et al. (2024), [9] [10] with clade names following Sangster et al (2022). [3]

References

  1. ↑ Irazoqui, F.; Acosta Hospitaleche, C.; Gelfo, J. N.; Paulina Carabajal, A.; Bona, P.; Acosta Burlaille, L. (2025). "Diving in the Maastrichtian of Marambio (Seymour) Island: A new member of the Neoaves in the Cretaceous Antarctic avifauna". Cretaceous Research 106259. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106259 . Retrieved 10 November 2025.
  2. ↑ Sangster, G.; Braun, E.L.; Johansson, U.S.; Kimball, R.T.; Mayr, G.; Suh, A. (2022). "Phylogenetic definitions for 25 higher-level clade names of birds". Avian Research. 13 100027. Bibcode:2022AvRes..1300027S. doi: 10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100027 .
  3. 1 2 3 Sangster, George; Braun, Edward L.; Johansson, Ulf S.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Mayr, Gerald; Suh, Alexander (2022). "Phylogenetic definitions for 25 higher-level clade names of birds". Avian Research. 13 100027. Bibcode:2022AvRes..1300027S. doi: 10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100027 . S2CID   247988800.
  4. ↑ Jarvis, E.D.; et al. (12 December 2014). "Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds". Science. 346 (6215): 1320–1331. Bibcode:2014Sci...346.1320J. doi:10.1126/science.1253451. PMC   4405904 . PMID   25504713.
  5. ↑ Ericson, P. G.P; Anderson, C. L; Britton, T.; Elzanowski, A.; Johansson, U. S; Kallersjo, M.; Ohlson, J. I; Parsons, T. J; Zuccon, D.; Mayr, G. (22 December 2006). "Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils". Biology Letters. 2 (4): 543–547. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2006.0523. PMC   1834003 . PMID   17148284.
  6. ↑ Hackett, S. J.; Kimball, R. T.; Reddy, S.; et al. (27 June 2008). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History" (PDF). Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H. doi:10.1126/science.1157704. PMID   18583609. S2CID   6472805.
  7. ↑ "TiF Checklist: Ardeae: Eurypygimorphae & Aequornithes".
  8. ↑ Wetmore, Alexander (1960). "A classification for the birds of the world". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 139 (11): 1–37. hdl:10088/22963.
  9. ↑ Kuhl., H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S. T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020). "An unbiased molecular approach using 3'UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38: 108–127. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msaa191 . PMC   7783168 . PMID   32781465.
  10. ↑ Stiller, J., Feng, S., Chowdhury, AA. et al. Complexity of avian evolution revealed by family-level genomes. Nature (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07323-1


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