Pitavia punctata

Last updated

Pitavia punctata
Pitao.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Pitavia
Species:
P. punctata
Binomial name
Pitavia punctata
(Ruiz & Pav.) Molina (1810) [2]
Synonyms [2]

Galvezia punctataRuiz & Pav. (1798)

Pitavia punctata is a species of tree endemic to Chile in the family Rutaceae. It is known by the common names Pitao and Pitran. It grows in native deciduous forests in the Chilean Coast Range of central Chile. It is threatened with habitat loss, and is assessed as Endangered. [1]

Contents

Description

It is an evergreen small tree or shrub that measures up to 15 m (49 ft) tall and 50 cm (20 in) in diameter, roundish and leafy crown, straight trunk, its branches are inserted in an ascending way. The bark is brownish-grey and soft texture and with roughnesses when adult. The leaves are simple and covered with visible dots against the light, very aromatic (citrus odor), they are arranged in whorls of three or in some cases they are opposite, leathery texture. Oblong and lanceolate-oblong shaped, apex slightly apiculate, attenuate base, petiole about 3–4 mm. Slightly toothed edges and the midrib distinct underneath. The leaves are 6.5–13 cm wide and 2.5–4 cm long. The flowers are hermaphrodite or unisexual about 1 cm 1 diameter, tetramerous, clustered in three-flowered axillary racemes, pedicels about 3–5.9 mm. Calyx is made up by four opposite sepals. Androecium made up by 8 stamens arranged in two whorls, those externals are longer and (4–5.44 mm) and opposite to the sepals while the internal's whorls are shorter (3-3.5 mm) and opposite to the petals. The tetracarpelar gynoecium has a superior ovary, globose and with marginal placentation. Styles about 0.8–0.9 mm, little papillose stigmas, the fruit is made up of globose 1–4 drupes (mostly one) about 1.8–2.5 wide and 1.2–2 cm long, greenish-yellow with dark dots. The glossy dark brown seeds are aovate about 0.8–1.5 cm with toothed edge and oblong shaped, the leaves are petiolate, yellowish-green, about 3–6 cm long.

Range and habitat

Pitavia punctata is endemic to the western (seaward) slopes of Chilean Coast Range of Maule and Bío Bío regions of central Chile, from 35º 21’ to 37º45’ S. [1]

It grows in native deciduous forests, known as Maulino forest, between 30 and 850 meters elevation. The predominant canopy tree is Nothofagus glauca , with Nothofagus alessandrii and Gomortega keule . Pitavia punctata is typically found in remnant forests with year-round moisture, including ravines and near streams, along with Drimys winteri, Aextoxicon punctatum , Persea lingue . [1]

The trees grow in small subpopulations in remnant forest habitat, surrounded by commercial forest plantations. Small populations are protected in Península de Hualpén Nature Sanctuary, Los Ruiles National Reserve, Los Queules National Reserve, and Nonguén National Park. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Nothofagus antarctica</i> Species of plant

Nothofagus antarctica is a deciduous tree or shrub native to southern Chile and Argentina from about 36°S to Tierra del Fuego, where it grows mainly in the diminishing temperate rainforest.

<i>Nothofagus pumilio</i> Species of plant

Nothofagus pumilio, the lenga beech, is a deciduous tree or shrub in the Nothofagaceae family that is native to the southern Andes range, in the temperate forests of Chile and Argentina to Tierra del Fuego, from 35° to 56° South latitude. This tree is in the same genus as the coihue. It regenerates easily after fires. The wood is of good quality, moderate durability, and is easy to work with. It is used in furniture, shingles and construction and sometimes as a substitute for American black cherry in the manufacturing of cabinets.

<i>Nothofagus dombeyi</i> Species of plant

Nothofagus dombeyi, Dombey's beech, coigue, coihue or coigüe is a tree species native to southern Chile and the Andean parts of Argentine Patagonia. It is a fast-growing species that can live in a wide range of climatic conditions, and forms dense forests. It is cultivated for its timber, and as an ornamental subject.

<i>Cornus alternifolia</i> Species of tree

Cornus alternifolia is a species of flowering plant in the dogwood family Cornaceae, native to eastern North America, from Newfoundland west to southern Manitoba and Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and Mississippi. It is rare in the southern United States. It is commonly known as green osier, alternate-leaved dogwood, and pagoda dogwood.

<i>Mangifera zeylanica</i> Species of tree

Mangifera zeylanica or "Sri Lanka wild mango" is a wild species of mango tree endemic to Sri Lanka. This stately tree is the tallest member of the mango genus, Mangifera, and one of the two tallest trees in the family Anacardiaceae. The mango fruits are edible and have an excellent taste. It is called "aetamba" (ඇටඹ) or "wal amba" in Sinhala and “kaddu-ma” in Tamil. The well-known British botanist and explorer Joseph Dalton Hooker first described the tree in 1876.

<i>Nothofagus alpina</i> Species of plant

Nothofagus alpina, also called rauli or raulí beech is a species of plant in the Nothofagaceae family. A deciduous tree, it grows in Chile and Argentina, it reaches 50 m (160 ft) height and more than 2 meters (6.5 feet) in diameter. Its distribution goes from 35 to 42° South latitude. It is found on the Andes. It tolerates low temperatures and heavy winds. It has a straight and cylindrical trunk with grey bark. N. alpina was proposed to be renamed Lophozonia alpina in 2013.

<i>Nothofagus glauca</i> Species of plant

Nothofagus glauca, commonly known as hualo or roble Maulino, is a species of plant in the family Nothofagaceae. It is a deciduous tree endemic to Chile. It grows from 34° to 37° South latitude. It is a typical tree of the maritime mediterranean-climate Maulino forest of Central Chile, its current range spanning over 330 km from north to south. The species grows on a variety of soils and is mostly found on gentle to steep slopes.

<i>Weinmannia trichosperma</i> Species of plant

Weinmannia trichosperma, the tineo, is an evergreen tree in the family of Cunoniaceae, it is native to Chile and Argentina: 35 to 47°S. endemic to laurel forest habitat.

<i>Picrasma quassioides</i> Species of tree

Picrasma quassioides is a species of Picrasma native to temperate regions of southern Asia, from the northeast of Pakistan east along the Himalaya and through East Asia from southern, central and eastern China to Taiwan, Japan and Korea.

<i>Alniaria alnifolia</i> Species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae

Alniaria alnifolia, also called alder-leafed whitebeam, Korean whitebeam, or Korean mountain ash, Korean: 팥배나무; RR: Patbaenamu; MR: p'atpaenamu; lit. 'red bean pear tree' Chinese: 水榆花楸; pinyin: shui yu hua qiu; lit. 'water elm rowan', is a species of whitebeam native to eastern Asia in eastern and northern China, Taiwan, Korea and Japan.

<i>Citronella mucronata</i> Species of tree

Citronella mucronata, the huillipatagua, naranjillo, or Chilean citronella tree, is an evergreen tree endemic to Chile. It grows in the Chilean matorral region of central Chile from 30º to 40° south latitude.

<i>Kageneckia oblonga</i> Species of tree

Kageneckia oblonga is a species of plant in the family Rosaceae. It is endemic to Chile. K. oblonga is an evergreen tree. It grows from Coquimbo to Malleco. Example occurrences are found specifically found in central Chile within the La Campana National Park and Cerro La Campana forest areas. In these areas the endangered Chilean Wine Palm, Jubaea chilensis is an associated tree species.

<i>Myrceugenia obtusa</i> Species of plant

Myrceugenia obtusa, also known as raran, is an evergreen tree endemic to Chile from Coquimbo to Cautin. It grows mainly in the coastal mountains on moist sites.

<i>Amomyrtus luma</i> Species of tree

Amomyrtus luma, known as luma, is a species of tree in the family Myrtaceae. It is native to Chile and Argentina. It grows from Colchagua to Aysen. This species occurs in rainforests, near streams, and in other moist sites.

<i>Paris polyphylla</i> Species of flowering plant

Paris polyphylla is an Asian species of flowering plant native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, and Indochina. It produces spider-like flowers that throw out long, thread-like, yellowish green petals throughout most of the warm summer months and into the autumn. In the fall, the flowers are followed by small, scarlet berries. It is a perennial, which slowly spreads, is fully hardy in Britain, and survives in leafy, moist soil in either complete or partial shade.

<i>Beyeria viscosa</i> Species of plant

Beyeria viscosa, commonly known as the pinkwood or sticky wallaby bush, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is endemic to Australia.

<i>Berberis empetrifolia</i> Species of shrub

Berberis empetrifolia, sometimes called heath barberry, is a low, somewhat spiny shrub belonging to the barberries in the family Berberidaceae. The local names in Chile are zarcilla, monte negro and uva de la cordillera. It has small narrow entire leaves, and small yolk-colored flowers and later globose blue-black berries. The species originates south of 30ºS in Argentina and Chili, where it grows on sunny, often gravelly soils, and is sometimes planted as an ornamental elsewhere in temperate climates.

<i>Passiflora bogotensis</i> Species of vine

Passiflora bogotensis is a climbing plant native to Colombia, in the genus Passiflora. It can also be found in Venezuela.

<i>Dracophyllum traversii</i> Species of tree (mountain neinei)

Dracophyllum traversii, commonly known as mountain neinei, grass tree, and pineapple tree is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae. It is a deciduous tree endemic to New Zealand. It reaches a height of 0.2–13 m (0.66–42.65 ft) and has leaves which form tufts at the end of its branches. It has a lifespan of between 500 and 600 years.

Goethalsia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae. It only contains one species, Goethalsia meiantha(Donn.Sm.) Burret It is within the Grewioideae tribe.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Rivera Caniulao, M. (2021). "Pitavia punctata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T31356A2805268. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T31356A2805268.en . Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  2. 1 2 Pitavia punctata (Ruiz & Pav.) Molina. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 24 April 2024.