| Pogonopoma | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Siluriformes |
| Family: | Loricariidae |
| Tribe: | Rhinelepini |
| Genus: | Pogonopoma Regan, 1904 |
| Type species | |
| Plecostomus wertheimeri Steindachner, 1867 | |
| Synonyms | |
Pogonopomoides | |
Pogonopoma is a genus of armored catfish native to rivers in south and southeast Brazil.
Pogonopoma is one of three genera currently valid in the tribe Rhinelepini. Pogonopomoides, previously a valid genus, was placed in synonymy with Pogonopoma. [1] This genus and Rhinelepis have a sister group relationship. [1]
There are currently three recognized species in this genus: [2]
As loricariids, Pogonopoma species all exhibit a suckermouth and an at least slightly flattened ventral surface. However, unlike many loricariids, they have circular pupils, which differs from most members of the family that have an omega iris. Pogonopoma species are heavily armored except on their abdomen (the belly in the case of loricariids), which is relatively unplated. [1] [3]
P. wertheimeri is a cylindrically shaped loricariid. The cheek is covered in long, thin, non-evertible odontodes that form a dense patch. [3]
P. parahybae appears to be more of an intermediate between P. wertheimeri and Rhinelepis . It is fairly flattened, and also has longer pectoral and pelvic fins compared to other species of the tribe Rhinelepini. The gill openings are not as large as those in Rhinelepis. Also, this species lacks long cheek odontodes and the adipose fin. [3]
P. obscurum, unlike P. wertheimeri, simultaneously lacks an adipose fin and cheek odontodes. Its dorsal fin base is also longer than of other members of this genus. [1]
Ancistrus is a genus of nocturnal freshwater fish in the family Loricariidae of order Siluriformes, native to freshwater habitats in South America and Panama. Fish of this genus are common in the aquarium trade where they are known as bushynose or bristlenose catfish. In the aquarium hobby they are often referred to as bushynose or bristlenose plecos instead, but this may lead to confusion as "pleco" usually is used for Hypostomus plecostomus and its allies and is often used as a catchall term for any loricariids remotely resembling that species.
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish, with 92 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Pseudorinelepis genibarbis is a species of armored catfish native to Brazil, Peru and Ecuador where it is found in the Amazon basin.
Pterygoplichthys, sometimes collectively known as janitor fish, is a genus of South American armored catfishes. These fish are commonly known as sailfin armoured catfish or sailfin plecs, especially in the aquarium trade.
Acanthicus is a genus of large, South American suckermouth armored catfishes native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and possibly in Guyana. The name Acanthicus is derived from the Greek, akanthikos meaning thorny, spiny. Fish of this genus are known as lyre-tail plecos. These species are found in large rivers, primarily in areas with a rocky bottom and a moderate or strong current.
Pseudancistrus is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America.
Hypancistrus is a genus of loricariid catfish originating from the Amazon basin in South America. Unlike many of the other Loricariids, however, some Hypancistrus species are more carnivorous and enjoy meat in their diet. Hypancistrus species are popular aquarium fish, including such popular fish as the zebra pleco and Queen Arabesque pleco.
Peckoltia is a genus of small South American armored suckermouth catfishes. Many of these fish are popular aquarium fish.
Corymbophanes is a genus of armored catfish native to South America where they are only known from Guyana. Corymbophanes was originally placed in its own tribe Corymbophanini, but the first comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hypostominae found Corymbophanes to be nested within the tribe Ancistrini.
Rhinelepini is a tribe of fishes in the subfamily Hypostominae of the armored suckermouth catfish family Loricariidae.
Pogonopoma obscurum is a species of armored catfish endemic to Brazil where it occurs in the upper reaches of the Uruguay River, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. This species is fairly common and inhabits stretches of the main river and its tributaries, with relatively rapid water currents over bottoms usually formed by rocks and boulders. This species grows to a length of 25 centimetres (9.8 in) SL.
Pogonopoma parahybae is a species of armored catfish endemic to Brazil where it is found in the Paraíba do Sul river basin, where it occurs in areas of mid to strong water current usually associated with rocky substrate. This species grows to a length of 26.3 centimetres (10.4 in) SL.
Pogonopoma wertheimeri is a species of armored catfish endemic to Brazil where it is found in the Mucuri River, São Mateus River, and Doce River. This species is usually found in stretches of river with mid to strong water current and bottom formed by rocks or sand. However, they are also found in the Juparanã lagoon, close to the mouth of the Doce river, which is a lentic habitat. This species grows to a length of 22.3 centimetres (8.8 in) SL.
Rhinelepis is a genus of South American armored catfish.
Loricariinae is a subfamily of the family Loricariidae of catfish. This subfamily is divided into two tribes and about 30 genera. They are mainly native to freshwater habitats in South America, but there are also several species in Panama and a single (Fonchiiichthys) in Costa Rica.
Parancistrus is a small genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to South America.
Ancistrini is a tribe of catfishes of the family Loricariidae. Most are restricted to tropical and subtropical South America, but there are also several genus in southern Central America.
Dekeyseria is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes native to tropical South America.
Pseudolithoxus is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes with five described species from the basins of the Orinoco, Casiquiare and upper Rio Negro in Venezuela. Additionally, a possibly undescribed species is known from the Trombetas and Nhamundá rivers in Brazil.
Yaluwak is a genus of armored catfish native to South America where they are only known from Guyana, containing only a single species Yaluwak primus. It was first described in a 2020 study and placed within the tribe Ancistrini.