Saint Macarius III of Alexandria | |
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Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark | |
Native name |
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Papacy began | 19 February 1944 |
Papacy ended | 31 August 1945 |
Predecessor | John XIX |
Successor | Joseph II |
Personal details | |
Born | |
Died | 31 August 1945 73) Cairo, Egypt | (aged
Buried | Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral (Azbakeya) |
Nationality | Egyptian |
Denomination | Coptic Orthodox Christian |
Residence | Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral (Azbakeya) |
Sainthood | |
Feast day | 31 August (25 Mesra in the Coptic calendar) |
Papal styles of Saint Macarius III | |
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Reference style | His Holiness |
Spoken style | Your Holiness |
Religious style | Pope and Patriarch |
Posthumous style | Saint |
Pope Macarius III of Alexandria (Abba Macari III) was 114th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark.
Before becoming a pope, he was the Metropolitan of Asyut in Egypt. He is the second metropolitan to become a pope in the history of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria. The first metropolitan to become a pope was John XIX. [1]
On several occasions, Habib Elmasry, secretary of the General Congregation Council (Elmagles Elmelly Ela'am) of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, vocally disagreed with Macarius's papal appointment. His daughter, historian Iris Habib Elmasry, documented these incidents in her book on the church's history. [1]
During his papacy, Macarius ordained no bishops or metropolitans. This was interpreted as an indication of his regret at accepting the position, despite being a metropolitan beforehand. [1]
On 22 February 1944, Macarius issued a document describing the church's intention to repair monasteries, to update monks scientifically and spiritually, and to hold monastic heads accountable. This led to a major split between the Holy Synod and General Congregation Council (Elmagles Elmelly Ela'am).
On 7 June 1944, the Holy Synod submitted an appeal to the pope and to the Minister of Justice on the personal status law for non-Muslims Egyptians, as they felt it contradicted a church canon and affected two of the holy mysteries of the Church: marriage and priesthood. As the conflict continued, The Holy Synod and General Congregation Council could not agree. Failing to reconcile them, Macarius abandoned the capital headquarters and went into exile in Helwan. He later went to the Eastern monasteries, accompanied by bishops, and settled in the Monastery of Saint Anthony in the Red Sea. He then went to the Monastery of Saint Paul the Anchorite. These changes were painful among the Coptic people. When the prime minister learned of the matter, he worked to resolve it, and the pope returned.
Pope Shenouda III was the 117th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. His papacy lasted 40 years, 4 months, and 4 days, from 14 November 1971 until his death.
Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria also called Abba Kyrillos VI, Coptic: Ⲡⲁⲡⲁ Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲗⲗⲟⲥ ⲋ̅ ;, was the 116th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark from 10 May 1959 to his death.
Macarius is a Latinized form of the old Greek given name Makários (Μακάριος), meaning "happy, fortunate, blessed"; confer the Latin beatus and felix. Ancient Greeks applied the epithet Makarios to the gods.
Pope Cyril V of Alexandria (Abba Kyrillos V), 112th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark for 52 years, 9 months and 6 days. He was the longest-serving Pope in the history of the Coptic Orthodox Church. He was born as Youhanna (John) in 1824 or 1830/1831 according to different accounts and he died on 7 August 1927.
Pope John XIX of Alexandria (Abba Youannis XIX), 113th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark.
Pope Joseph II of Alexandria (Abba Yousab II) was the 115th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark.
The Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is the highest Orthodox authority in the Coptic Orthodox Church. It formulates the rules and regulations regarding matters of the Church's organisation and faith.
Copts, many of whom are adherents of the Coptic Orthodox Church, began migrating to the United States of America in the late 1940s. After 1952, the rate of Coptic immigration from Egypt to the United States increased. The first Coptic church in the United States, St. Mark's Coptic Orthodox Church, was established in the late 1960s in Jersey City.
Iris Habib Elmasry was a prominent Coptic Historian (1910–1994).
Father Menassa Youhanna (1899–1930) was a Coptic priest, historian and theologian, most noted for his work on the history of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.
The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria has many churches and congregations in the continent of Asia.
This article, dealing with the Coptic Orthodox Church in Africa, is about the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria in African countries other than Egypt.
General Congregation Council is part of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria and represents the laity of the Church, it is also known as the Coptic Orthodox Lay Council
Coptic history is the part of the history of Egypt that begins with the introduction of Christianity in Egypt in the 1st century AD during the Roman period, and covers the history of the Copts to the present day. Many of the historic items related to Coptic Christianity are on display in many museums around the world and a large number is in the Coptic Museum in Coptic Cairo.
The Copts began to immigrate to the United States as early as the late 1940s. Immigration to Canada was soon to follow, and in general, this was to be the case throughout North America in the coming decades. With hundreds of Coptic Orthodox churches in the United States alone, it is estimated that there are over one million Coptic Orthodox Christians in North America.
Metropolitan Mikhail, was the Elder Metropolitan of the Holy Metropolis of Asyut (Lycopolis), (Hieracon, and of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria and was the Abbot of the Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great, in Scetes, Lower Egypt until early 2009, when he decided to resign this responsibility due to his failing health and also due to the demise of Matta El-Meskeen, the Chief Hegumen in-charge of the Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great in 2008.
Serapion is the first hierarch and bishop of the Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Los Angeles, Southern California, and Hawaii. He was born in Assiut, Kingdom of Egypt on November 10, 1951. Following his graduation from the Faculty of Medicine at Assiut in 1975, he practiced medicine in Aswan before becoming a monk.
Basil IV,, was the 20th Metropolitan of the Holy and Great City of Our Lord, Jerusalem, and Archbishop of the Holy and Ancient Archdiocese of Jerusalem, all Palestine and the Near East, from 1959, until his death in 1991.
Theophilus,, was the 18th metropolitan of the Holy and Great City of Our Lord, Jerusalem, Archbishop of the Holy and Ancient Archdiocese of Jerusalem, all Palestine and the Near East from 1935 until his death in 1945. During his reign, the Archdiocese of Jerusalem also possessed Jurisdiction over the eastern most provinces of Egypt in Al-Sharqyia, Port Said, Ismailia, and Suez. He was also the abbot of the Monasteries of Saint Anthony and Saint George in Jerusalem.
Metropolitan Pachomius or Pakhomious is the serving Metropolitan bishop of the Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Behira and Matrouh, Titular Archbishop of Pentapolis and the Five Western Cities, and Abbot of the Monastery of Saint Macarius of Alexandria, located in Beheira. He is also a member of the standing committee of the Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church.