Potamogeton trichoides

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Potamogeton trichoides
Potamogeton trichoides.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Potamogetonaceae
Genus: Potamogeton
Species:
P. trichoides
Binomial name
Potamogeton trichoides
Cham. et Schltdl. 1827
Synonyms [1]

Potamogeton baentziiGand.Potamogeton condylocarpusTauschPotamogeton danicusGand.Potamogeton monogynusJ.GayPotamogeton orthorrhynchusGand.Potamogeton perneglectusGand.Potamogeton phialaePostPotamogeton tuberculatusTen. & Guss.

Contents

Potamogeton trichoides is a species of aquatic plant known by the common name hairlike pondweed, [2] native to Europe and western Asia where it grows in calcareous, usually nutrient-rich standing or slow-flowing water.

Description

Hairlike pondweed is an aquatic perennial that dies back each winter into a large number of asexually produced resting bodies called turions. There are no rhizomes. It produces slender, cylindrical or slightly compressed, branching stems usually less than a metre in length but occasionally up to 2 m. [3] The submerged leaves are long and very narrow, typically 16–80 mm long and 0.3–1 mm wide, with the midrib occupying up to 70% of the width of the leaf near the base. [3] They are rigid and green turning darker with age. There are no floating leaves. [3]

The inflorescence is a short spike of 3–5 flowers arising from the water on a slender peduncle.

This species readily hybridizes with several other species of Potamogeton including P. berchtoldii (P. × franconicusG.Fisch.), P. pusillus (P. × grovesiiDandy & G.Taylor) and P. compressus (P. × ripoidesBaagøe). [3] [1]

Hairlike pondweed is diploid, with 2n=26 chromosomes. [4]

Hairlike pondweed is one of the more distinctive fine-leaved pondweeds due to the characteristically stiff leaves dominated by the midrib and open but tightly rolled stipules. However, it tends to be rarer than other fine-leaved species and often grows in mixed beds with other fine-leaved water plants such as P. pusillus and Zannichellia palustris, so it may be overlooked.

Taxonomy

Potamogeton trichoides (trichoides = 'hairlike') was named by the German botanists Adelbert von Chamisso and Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal in 1827.

Hairlike pondweed is one of the fine-leaved pondweed clade (series Graminifolii), and related to similar species such P. pusillus. [3] [5]

Distribution

Potamogeton trichoides is native to the western Palaearctic and Africa. It occurs in northern Europe (Austria, Britain, [3] Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy (including Sicily), Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Poland, Russia, the Baltic States), North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt), eastern and southern Africa (South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe). [6] [7] [8] There are outlying populations in the Canaries, the Caucasus, and Russia east of the Urals. [6]

Ecology and conservation

Hairlike pondweed grows predominantly in standing water including ponds, lakes, ditches, canals and slow-flowing rivers and streams. It is usually restricted to calcareous water of rather high conductivity and is tolerant of high nutrient levels. [3] It is often an early succession species, colonising newly created habitats such as ditches and flooded gravel pits, [3] but sometimes is abundant in alkaline, low altitude lakes. [9] It often grows with other nutrient tolerant macrophytes such as Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton crispus, P. pusillus and Ranunculus circinatus. [7]

In Britain, hairlike pondweed is thought to be stable or possibly increasing. [7] However, it is placed in various threat categories in parts of its range, for example it is Vulnerable in the Czech Republic, [10] and Germany (although still widespread along all major river systems there), [11] and Critically Endangered in Switzerland. [12]

Cultivation

Potamogeton trichoides is not in general cultivation, and is of little garden merit.

Related Research Articles

<i>Potamogeton</i>

Potamogeton is a genus of aquatic, mostly freshwater, plants of the family Potamogetonaceae. Most are known by the common name pondweed, although many unrelated plants may be called pondweed, such as Canadian pondweed. The genus name means "river neighbor", originating from the Greek potamos (river) and geiton (neighbor).

Biddle Street, Yatton

Biddle Street, Yatton is a 44.8 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) near the village of Yatton in North Somerset, notified in 1994.

<i>Potamogeton crispus</i>

Potamogeton crispus, the curled pondweed or curly-leaf pondweed, is a species of aquatic plant native to Eurasia but an introduced species and often a noxious weed in North America.

<i>Groenlandia</i>

Groenlandia is a monotypic genus of aquatic plants (pondweed) of the family Potamogetonaceae. The only species in the genus is Groenlandia densa. Opposite-leaved pondweed is a common name for this plant. It is native to much of Europe, western Asia and Maghreb in Africa; despite its name it is not found in Greenland.

<i>Potamogeton perfoliatus</i>

Potamogeton perfoliatus is a perennial aquatic plant in the family Potamogetonaceae occurring in both standing and flowing freshwater habitats. It is widely distributed globally, occurring in all continents except South America and Antarctica.

<i>Potamogeton praelongus</i>

Potamogeton praelongus, commonly known as whitestem pondweed in North America and Long-stalked Pondweed in Britain, is a large, perennial aquatic plant in the family Potamogetonaceae. It is widely distributed in lakes and rivers in the northern hemisphere, but is sensitive to poor water quality.

<i>Potamogeton polygonifolius</i>

Potamogeton polygonifolius or bog pondweed, is an aquatic plant. It is found in shallow, nutrient-poor, usually acid standing or running water, bogs, fens and occasionally ditches.

<i>Potamogeton coloratus</i>

Potamogeton coloratus, the fen pondweed, is an aquatic plant in the genus Potamogeton. It is found in shallow peaty calcareous lakes, ponds and ditches, commonly associated with lowland fens.

<i>Potamogeton lucens</i>

Potamogeton lucens, or shining pondweed, is an aquatic perennial plant native to Eurasia and North Africa. It grows in relatively deep, still or slow-flowing, calcareous freshwater habitats.

<i>Potamogeton alpinus</i>

Potamogeton alpinus is a species of perennial aquatic plant known by the common names alpine pondweed and red pondweed. It is widespread in the northern hemisphere in both rivers and lakes with good water quality.

<i>Potamogeton epihydrus</i>

Potamogeton epihydrus is a perennial aquatic plant known by the common names ribbonleaf pondweed and Nuttall's pondweed, and American pondweed in the United Kingdom. It is native to much of North America, where it grows in water bodies such as ponds, lakes, ditches, and slow-moving streams.

<i>Potamogeton gramineus</i>

Potamogeton gramineus is a species of aquatic plant known by the common name various-leaved pondweed, variableleaf pondweed, grass-leaved pondweed or grassy pondweed, native to the northern hemisphere where it grows in shallow, clean water.

<i>Potamogeton pusillus</i>

Potamogeton pusillus is a species of aquatic plant known by the common names small pondweed, lesser pondweed or least pondweed. It occurs in standing and slow-flowing freshwater habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere.

<i>Potamogeton compressus</i>

Potamogeton compressus is a species of aquatic plant known by the common names grass-wrack pondweed, flatstem pondweed and eel-grass pondweed.

<i>Potamogeton obtusifolius</i>

Potamogeton obtusifolius, known as blunt-leaved pondweed, is an aquatic plant in the genus Potamogeton. It grows mainly in mesotrophic to eutrophic lakes, ponds and ditches, rarely in brackish water. It occurs primarily in Central Europe, the British Isles, Fennoscandia and eastern North America.

<i>Stuckenia</i>

Stuckenia is a genus of flowering aquatic plants. It contains approximately 30 species that grow in shallow water. Pondweed is a common name for plants in this genus.

<i>Potamogeton berchtoldii</i> Species of plant

Potamogeton berchtoldii, common name small pondweed is an aquatic plant.

<i>Potamogeton acutifolius</i> Species of plant

Potamogeton acutifolius is a European species of aquatic plant in the family Potamogetonaceae, known by the common name sharp-leaved pondweed. It is threatened and declining in at least part of its range.

<i>Potamogeton</i> × <i>angustifolius</i>

Potamogeton × angustifolius is a hybrid pondweed between Potamogeton gramineus and Potamogeton lucens, known as long-leaved pondweed. It is widespread in rivers and lakes except where the water is very soft.

<i>Potamogeton friesii</i>

Potamogeton friesii, known as flat-stalked pondweed, or Fries' pondweed, is an aquatic plant in the genus Potamogeton. It grows mainly in mesotrophic to eutrophic rivers, lakes, ponds and ditches, rarely in brackish water. It occurs in North America, Europe, western Asia and a few scattered locations elsewhere in Asia.

References

  1. 1 2 The Plant List: Potamogeton trichoides. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanic Gardens. Accessed November 18, 2014
  2. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2020-09-24. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Preston C.D. (1995). Pondweeds of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI Handbook No. 8. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London.
  4. Kaplan Z., Jarolímová V., Fehrer J, 2013. Revision of chromosome numbers of Potamogetonaceae: a new basis for taxonomic and evolutionary implications. Preslia, 85, 421-482.
  5. Lindqvist C., De Laet J., Haynes R.R., Aagesen L., Keener B.R., Albert V.A. 2006. Molecular phylogenetics of an aquatic plant lineage, Potamogetonaceae. Cladistics, 22, 568-588.
  6. 1 2 Naturhistorika riksmuseet (Sweden) Den virtuella floren: knölnate Potamogeton trichoides Cham. et Schltdl., northern hemisphere range map
  7. 1 2 3 Preston C.D., Pearman D.A., Dines T.D. (2002) New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora: An Atlas of the Vascular Plants of Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  8. Allen, D.J. 2014. Potamogeton trichoides. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 November 2014.
  9. Burgess A., Goldsmith B., Hatton-Ellis T. 2007. Site Condition Assessments of Welsh SAC and SSSI Standing Water Features. CCW Contract Science Report No. 705. Countryside Council for Wales, Bangor.
  10. Grulich V. 2012. Red List of vascular plants of the Czech Republic: 3rd edition. Preslia, 84, 631–645.
  11. http://www.floraweb.de/pflanzenarten/artenhome.xsql?suchnr=4484& Bundesamt für Naturschutz: Potamogeton trichoides (in German)
  12. Moser D.M., Gygax A., Bäumler B., Wyler N., Palese R. 2002. Liste rouge des espèces menacées de Suisse. Fougères et plantes à fleurs. Ed. Office fédéral de l’environnement, des forêts et du paysage, Berne; Centre du Réseau Suisse de Floristique, Chambésy; Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Chambésy. Série OFEFP «L’environnement pratique». 118 pp.