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The Crato Formation is a geologic formation of Early Cretaceous (Aptian) age in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin. It is an important Lagerstätte for palaeontologists. The strata were laid down mostly during the Aptian age, about 113 million years ago. It thought to have been deposited in a semi-arid lacustrine wetland environment.
Notopteroidei is a suborder of the order Osteoglossiformes that contains the extant families Gymnarchidae (aba), Notopteridae and Mormyridae (elephantfishes), as well as several extinct taxa. The Mormyridae are weakly electric fishes, able to locate prey in turbid water.
Gasteroclupea is a genus of prehistoric clupeiform fish that is related to modern anchovies and herrings. Its fossils date back to the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous period. Fossils of the genus have been found in the Yacoraite Formation of Argentina and the El Molino Formation of Bolivia.
Prionolepis is a genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish belonging to the order Alepisauriformes.
Pycnodontiformes is an extinct order of primarily marine bony fish. The group first appeared during the Late Triassic and disappeared during the Eocene. The group has been found in rock formations in Africa, Asia, Europe, North and South America. They were small to middle-sized fish, generally with laterally-compressed deep bodies, some with almost circular outlines, adapted for manuverability in reef-like environments, though the group was morphologically diverse. Most, but not all members of the groups had jaws with round and flattened teeth, well adapted to crush food items (durophagy), such as echinoderms, crustaceans and molluscs. Some pyncodontiformes developed piranha like teeth used for eating flesh. Most species inhabited shallow marine reef environments, while a handful of species lived in freshwater or brackish conditions. While rare during the Triassic and Early-Middle Jurassic, Pycnodontiformes became abundant and diverse during the Late Jurassic, exhibitng a high but relatively static diversity during the Early Cretaceous. At the beginning of the Late Cretaceous they reached their apex of morphological and species diversity, after which they began to gradually decline, with a more sudden decline at the end of the Cretaceous due to the collapse of reef ecosystems, finally becoming extinct during the Eocene. They are considered to belong to the Neopterygii, but their relationship to other members of that group is uncertain.
Mawsonia is an extinct genus of prehistoric coelacanth fish. It is the amongst the largest of all coelacanths, with one quadrate specimen possibly belonging to an individual measuring 5.3 metres in length. It lived in freshwater and brackish environments from the latest Jurassic to the mid-Cretaceous of South America, eastern North America, and Africa. Mawsonia was first described by British paleontologist Arthur Smith Woodward in 1907.
The Adamantina Formation is a geological formation in the Bauru Basin of western São Paulo state, in southeastern Brazil.
Ctenocephalichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Santonian.
Rhinconichthys is an extinct genus of bony fish which existed during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous.
Spratticeps is an extinct genus of clupeiform fish which existed in what is now England during the lower Cretaceous period. It contains the species Spratticeps gaultinus.
Santanaclupea is an extinct genus of clupeiform fish from the Romualdo Formation of Brazil. It is named after Santana do Cariri, the town that the Santana Formation is named after and Clupea, Latin for small river fish. The type species of the genus is Santanaclupea silvasantosi, which was named in honor of Prof. Rubens de Silva Santos.
Bullichthys is an extinct genus of albuliform fish which existed in the Romualdo Formation, Brazil during the Early Cretaceous (Albian) period. The type species is B. santanensis.
Pattersonellidae is an extinct family of primitive ray-finned fish. It is tentatively classified under the suborder Argentinoidei of the order Argentiniformes.
Parawenzichthys is an extinct genus of protacanthopterygian fish containing the single species Parawenzichthys minor, known from the Turonian age Atlântida Formation in the Pelotas Basin in southern Brazil.
The Araripe Basin is a rift basin covering about 8,000 square kilometres (3,100 sq mi), in Ceará, Piauí and Pernambuco states of northeastern Brazil. It is bounded by the Patos and Pernambuco lineaments, and is situated east of the Parnaíba Basin, southwest of the Rio do Peixe Basin and northwest of the Tucano and Jatobá Basins.
The Presidente Prudente Formation is a geological formation of the Bauru Group in the Paraná Basin, located in Brazil whose strata date back to the Late Campanian to Early Maastrichtian. Since at least 1953, parts of this formation, such as the type locality of Austroposeidon, have been lost to urban development.
The Santana Group is a geologic group, formerly included as the middle part of the Araripe Group, in the Araripe Basin of northeastern Brazil. The group comprises the Crato, Ipubi and Romualdo Formations and is dated to the Aptian to Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous. The formations of the group were deposited in a lacustrine to subtidal shallow marine environment in the Araripe rift basin.
The Malhada Vermelha Formation is an Early Cretaceous geologic formation in Ceará, northeastern Brazil. The formation preserves reptile, fish and ichnofossils.
The Riachuelo Formation is a geologic formation of the Early to Late Cretaceous age in northeastern Brazil's Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. It is the first Formation of the Basin to contain sediments deposited under fully marine conditions. The formation is subdivided into three members: Angico, Taquari and Maruim.
The Serra da Galga Formation is a geological formation in Minas Gerais state of southeastern Brazil. Its strata date back to the Maastrichtian, and are part of the Bauru Group.It was originally considered a member of the Marília Formation.
References
- 1 2 Francisco J. De Figueiredo (2009). "A new clupeiform fish from the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) of Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, Northeastern Brazil". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 29 (4): 993–1005. Bibcode:2009JVPal..29..993D. doi:10.1671/039.029.0402. S2CID 220436023.
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