Pterostylis atrosanguinea

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Crowded banded greenhood
Pterostylis atrosanguinea.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Cranichideae
Genus: Pterostylis
Species:
P. atrosanguinea
Binomial name
Pterostylis atrosanguinea
(D.L.Jones & C.J.French) D.L.Jones & C.J.French [1]
Synonyms [1]

Pterostylis atrosanguinea, commonly known as the crowded banded greenhood, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The plants either have a rosette of leaves in the years when not flowering or stem leaves on a flowering spike. When flowering, it has up to twenty flowers that are dark reddish to blackish brown with translucent white areas. The labellum is dark reddish black and covered with short, stiff hairs.

Contents

Description

Pterostylis atrosanguinea, is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of between five and eight egg-shaped leaves, each leaf 10–20 mm (0.4–0.8 in) long and 5–14 mm (0.2–0.6 in) wide on a stalk 10–30 mm (0.4–1 in) long. When flowering, there are between five and twenty dark reddish to blackish brown flowers with translucent white areas borne on a flowering stem 200–400 mm (8–20 in) high. The flowering stem has between eight and fifteen lance-shaped to egg-shaped stem leaves which are 25–60 mm (1–2 in) long, 10–18 mm (0.4–0.7 in) wide and have reddish tips. The flowers are crowded near the top of the flowering stem, 20–25 mm (0.8–1 in) long and 12–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) wide. The dorsal sepal and petals form a hood over the column. The dorsal sepal is 16–22 mm (0.6–0.9 in) long and the petals are 12–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long and about 7 mm (0.3 in) wide at their widest point. The lateral sepals turn downwards and are joined for most of their length forming a broad, elliptical structure 14–18 mm (0.6–0.7 in) long and 12–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) wide. The labellum is oblong to egg-shaped, 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) long, about 4 mm (0.2 in) wide, dark reddish black and covered with short, stiff hairs. Flowering occurs from late May to early August. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

The crowded banded greenhood was first formally described in 2017 by David Jones and Christopher French and given the name Urochilus atrosanguineus. The description was published in Australian Orchid Review from a specimen collected near Waroona. [5] In 2018 the same authors changed the name to Pterostylis atrosanguinea "to allow for the different taxonomic views held at generic level within the subtribe". [1] It had previously been known as Pterostylis sp. 'crowded'. [2] [4] The specific epithet (atrosanguinea) is derived from the Latin word ater meaning 'dark' and sanguineus meaning 'red' referring to the colour of the flowers of this orchid. [3]

Distribution and habitat

Pterostylis atrosanguinea occurs between Wongan Hills and Katanning where it grows in forest and woodland. [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Pterostylis melagramma</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis melagramma, commonly known as the black-stripe leafy greenhood is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. Individual plants have either a rosette of three to six leaves or a flowering spike with up to twenty flowers and five to seven stem leaves. The flowers are translucent green with faint darker green lines and have a brownish-yellow labellum with a dark stripe.

<i>Pterostylis stenochila</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis stenochila, commonly known as the narrow-lip leafy greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. Flowering plants have up to seven shiny, transparent green flowers with darker green stripes. The flowers have an insect-like labellum which is green with an emerald green stripe along its centre. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves on a stalk, but flowering plants lack the rosette, instead having five or six stem leaves.

<i>Pterostylis sanguinea</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis sanguinea, commonly known as the red-banded greenhood or dark-banded greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to southern Australia. The plants either have a rosette of leaves in the years when not flowering or stem leaves on a flowering spike. When flowering, it has up to about twelve flowers which are dark reddish-brown, sometimes green or green and brown with the dorsal sepal and petals joined, forming a hood over the column. It is a common and widespread orchid, found in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and, rarely, in Tasmania.

<i>Pterostylis chlorogramma</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis chlorogramma, commonly known as the green-striped leafy greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. Flowering plants have up to seven translucent green flowers with darker green stripes. The flowers have a green labellum with a darker stripe down the middle. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves on a short, thin stalk but flowering plants lack the rosette, instead having five to seven stem leaves.

<i>Pterostylis crassicaulis</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis crassicaulis, commonly known as the alpine swan greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a rosette of leaves and up to 18 bluish-green and white flowers with dark green stripes. The flowers have a labellum with a dark green, beak-like appendage. It is similar to P. cycnocephala but is more robust and grows at higher altitudes.

<i>Pterostylis diminuta</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis diminuta, commonly known as the small-flowered leafy greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. As with similar greenhoods, the flowering plants differ from those that are not flowering. The non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves flat on the ground but the flowering plants have up to twelve small, partly green, partly translucent flowers and lack a rosette.

<i>Pterostylis tunstallii</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis tunstallii, commonly known as Tunstall's greenhood or granite greenhood is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. Flowering plants have up to ten transparent green flowers which have a dark brown, insect-like labellum with a blackish "head". Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves on a short stalk but flowering plants lack the rosette, instead having five to eight stem leaves.

<i>Pterostylis williamsonii</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis williamsonii, commonly known as the brown-lip leafy greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. Flowering plants have up to seven transparent green flowers with darker green and brown bands and a hairy, insect-like labellum with a blackish stripe. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves on a short stalk but flowering plants lack the rosette, instead having five to seven stem leaves.

<i>Pterostylis agrestis</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis agrestis is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. It has a rosette of leaves and when flowering, up to fourteen transparent green flowers with a blunt, greenish-black appendage on the labellum. It is similar to the black-tip greenhood, Pterostylis bicolor but that species has larger, less crowded flowers and is found in different habitats.

<i>Pterostylis concava</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis concava, commonly known as the pouched greenhood or cupped banded greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. The plants either have a rosette of leaves in the years when not flowering or stem leaves on a flowering spike. When flowering, it has up to ten or more flowers which are dark reddish-brown, sometimes green and white with deeply cupped lateral sepals. It is an uncommon orchid, mostly found between Bindoon and Mount Barker.

Pterostylis conferta, commonly known as the leprechaun greenhood or basalt midget greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria.

Pterostylis loganii, commonly known as the Logan's leafy greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to a small area near the border between New South Wales and Victoria. Flowering plants have up to five pale green flowers with darker green stripes and brownish tips. The flowers have a brown labellum with a blackish stripe and a blackish mound near its base. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves on a short, thin stalk but flowering plants lack the rosette, instead having five to seven stem leaves.

Pterostylis macrosepala is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the central-west slopes of New South Wales. As with similar greenhoods, plants in flower differ from those that are not flowering. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves flat on the ground, but those that are flowering have up to eight translucent green flowers with narrow, dark green stripes and up to ten stem leaves.

Pterostylis parca commonly known as the Lithgow leafy greenhood is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves on a short stalk. Flowering plants lack a rosette but have up to eight translucent pale green flowers on a flowering stem with three to six stem leaves.

<i>Pterostylis prasina</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis prasina, commonly known as the mallee leafy greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to southern continental Australia. Non-flowering have a rosette of leaves on a short stalk, but flowering plants lack the rosette and have up to eight pale green and translucent green flowers with darker green lines. The flowers have a pale green labellum with a darker central line. It is a common and widespread greenhood in parts of Victoria and South Australia.

<i>Pterostylis pulchella</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis pulchella, commonly known as the waterfall greenhood, escarpment greenhood or pretty greenhood is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. As with similar greenhoods, the flowering plants differ from those that are not flowering. The non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves flat on the ground but the flowering plants have a single flower with leaves on the flowering stem. This greenhood has a reddish-brown flower with a greenish-white base and protruding labellum with a cleft tip.

<i>Pterostylis roensis</i> Species of orchid

Pterostylis roensis, commonly known as the painted rufous greenhood or dark rustyhood is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. Both flowering and non-flowering plants have a relatively large rosette of leaves. Flowering plants also have up to six green or brown to blackish flowers with translucent white panels and a dark brown, fleshy, insect-like labellum.

Pterostylis saxicola, commonly known as the Sydney plains rustyhood, or Sydney plains greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It has a rosette of leaves at its base and up to ten reddish-brown flowers with translucent "windows", relatively wide lateral sepals with short-pointed tips and a dark brown, fleshy, insect-like labellum.

Pterostylis orbiculata, commonly known as the coastal banded greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The plants either have a rosette of leaves in the years when not flowering or stem leaves on a flowering spike. When flowering, it has up to twenty flowers that are reddish brown, greenish brown or green with a reddish or brownish labellum with short stiff hairs.

<i>Pterostylis arbuscula</i> Species of plant

Pterostylis arbuscula, commonly known as dark banded greenhood, or mallee banded greenhood, is a species of orchid endemic to the south of continental Australia. It has a rosette of leaves borne above the ground and up to 3 dark reddish brown to blackish brown to green flowers with white bands, and is found in Western Australia and South Australia.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Pterostylis atrosanguinea". APNI. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 388. ISBN   9780980296457.
  3. 1 2 3 Jones, David L.; French, Christopher J. (2017). "Two new species of Urochilus (Orchidaceae:Pterostylinidae) from Western Australia with affinities to Urochilus sanguineus". Australian Orchid Review. 82 (3): 49–51.
  4. 1 2 Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 424. ISBN   9780646562322.
  5. "Urochilus atrosanguineus". APNI. Retrieved 17 April 2018.