Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
---|---|
Constellation | Perseus |
Right ascension | 2h 22m 24.296s [1] |
Declination | +57° 06′ 34.10″ [1] |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 7.82-10.0 [2] |
Characteristics | |
Spectral type | M4Iab [3] |
Variable type | SRc [2] |
Astrometry | |
Radial velocity (Rv) | −38.0±2 [4] km/s |
Proper motion (μ) | RA: −0.602 [1] mas/yr Dec.: −1.107 [1] mas/yr |
Parallax (π) | 0.3874 ± 0.0450 mas [1] |
Distance | approx. 8,400 ly (approx. 2,600 pc) |
Absolute magnitude (MV) | −6.18 [5] |
Details | |
Mass | 12-15 [6] M☉ |
Radius | 491 [7] - 547 [8] R☉ |
Luminosity | 33,000 - 34,000 [7] L☉ |
Surface gravity (log g) | −0.2±0.05 cgs |
Temperature | 3,535±170 [7] K |
Other designations | |
Database references | |
SIMBAD | data |
RS Persei is a red supergiant variable star located in the Double Cluster in Perseus. The star's apparent magnitude varies from 7.82 to 10.0, meaning it is never visible to the naked eye.
RS Persei is a member of the cluster NGC 884, χ Persei, one half of the famous Double Cluster. [9]
RS Persei is classified as a semiregular variable star, with its brightness varying from magnitude 7.82 to 10.0 over 245 days, [2] Detailed studies show that it also pulsates with a long secondary period of 4,200±1,500 days. [11]
RS Persei is a large cool star with a temperature of 3,500 K. This makes it luminous, although much of its radiation is emitted in the infrared. In 2005, RS Per was calculated to have a bolometric luminosity of 145,000 L☉ and a radius around 1,000 R☉. [5] More recently, 2014 calculations across all wavelengths gives the star a lower luminosity of 77,600+9,500
−8,400 L☉ based on an assumed distance, and a radius of 770±30 R☉ based on the measured angular diameter and luminosity. [6]
Even more recent measurements based on its Gaia Data Release 2 parallax gives a luminosity below 40,000 L☉ with a corresponding radius of 491 R☉. [7] It is surrounded by dust that has condensed from material lost by the star. [12]
RS Persei has sometimes been considered to be a highly evolved low mass Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) star, [13] but calculations of its current mass suggest that it is a low mass supergiant. NGC 244 is also too young to host AGB stars. [6]
Red supergiants (RSGs) are stars with a supergiant luminosity class of spectral type K or M. They are the largest stars in the universe in terms of volume, although they are not the most massive or luminous. Betelgeuse and Antares A are the brightest and best known red supergiants (RSGs), indeed the only first magnitude red supergiant stars.
KY Cygni is a red supergiant of spectral class M3.5Ia located in the constellation Cygnus. It is approximately 5,000 light-years away.
Phi Cassiopeiae is a star in the constellation Cassiopeia. φ Cassiopeiae is a multiple star with a combined apparent magnitude of +4.95. The two brightest components are A and C, sometimes called φ1 and φ2 Cas. φ Cas A is an F0 bright supergiant of magnitude 4.95 and φ Cas C is a 7.08 magnitude B6 supergiant at 134".
KW Sagittarii is a red supergiant, located approximately 1,900 parsecs away from the Sun in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius. It is one of the largest-known stars. If placed at the center of the Solar System, the star's surface would engulf Mars.
V354 Cephei is a red supergiant star located within the Milky Way. It is an irregular variable located over 8,900 light-years away from the Sun. It has an estimated radius of 685 solar radii. If it were placed in the center of the Solar System, it would extend to between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
MY Cephei is a red supergiant located in open cluster NGC 7419 in the constellation of Cepheus. It is a semiregular variable star with a maximum brightness of magnitude 14.4 and a minimum of magnitude 15.5.
RS Puppis is a Cepheid variable star around 6,000 ly away in the constellation of Puppis. It is one of the biggest and brightest known Cepheids in the Milky Way galaxy and has one of the longest periods for this class of star at 41.5 days.
S Persei is a red supergiant or hypergiant located near the Double Cluster in Perseus, north of the cluster NGC 869. It is a member of the Perseus OB1 association and one of the largest known stars. If placed in the Solar System, its photosphere would engulf the orbit of Jupiter. It is also a semiregular variable, a star whose variations are less regular than those of Mira variables.
NO Aurigae is a pulsating variable star in the constellation Auriga. It is an unusually-luminous asymptotic giant branch star about 3,500 light years away.
V602 Carinae is a red supergiant and variable star of spectral type of M3 in the constellation Carina. It is one of largest known stars.
Westerlund 1 W26 or Westerlund 1 BKS AS is a red supergiant located at the outskirts of the Westerlund 1 super star cluster. It is one of the largest known stars and the most luminous supergiant stars discovered so far with radius calculated to be in excess of a thousand times the solar radius, and a luminosity of over 200,000 times the solar luminosity. If placed at the center of the Solar System, its photosphere would engulf the orbit of Jupiter.
T Persei is a red supergiant located in the constellation Perseus. It varies in brightness between magnitudes 8.3 and 9.7 and is considered to be a member of the Double Cluster.
EV Carinae is a red supergiant and pulsating variable star of spectral type M4Ia in the constellation Carina. It is a semiregular variable star with its apparent magnitude varying between 7.4 and 9.0 in the visible band, making it only seen by binoculars or a telescope. Various periods have been identified, but the dominant one is around 347 days. It is an MK spectral standard star for the class M4.5Ia.
V520 Persei is a blue supergiant member of NGC 869, one of the Perseus Double Cluster open clusters. It is an irregular variable star. At a magnitude of 6.55, V520 Persei is the brightest member in either NGC 869 or NGC 884, although the brighter HD 13994 lies in the foreground along the same line of sight.
BC Cygni is a red supergiant and pulsating variable star of spectral type M3.5Ia in the constellation Cygnus.
BI Cygni(BI Cyg, IRC +40408, BD+36 4025) is a red supergiant in the constellation Cygnus. It is an irregular variable star with a maximum brightness of magnitude 8.4 and a minimum of magnitude 9.9. It is considered a member of the stellar Cygnus OB1 association, its distance is around 2,600 parsecs (8,500 ly) of the Solar System. It is less than a degree south of another variable red supergiant, BC Cygni.
XX Persei is a semiregular variable red supergiant star in the constellation Perseus, between the Double Cluster and the border with Andromeda.
BO Carinae, also known as HD 93420, is an irregular variable star in the constellation Carina.
NGC 7419 is an open cluster in the constellation Cepheus. It is heavily reddened and notable for containing five red supergiants, the highest number known in any cluster until the end of the 20th century, but probably no blue supergiants.
Westerlund 1-237 or Westerlund 1 BKS B is a possible red supergiant (RSG) in the constellation of Ara. It is one out of four known red supergiants in the Westerlund 1 super star cluster, although its outlying position, spectrum, and parallax, suggest it could be a foreground giant. As a red supergiant, it would be one of the largest known stars and one of the most luminous of its type.