Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal,often referred to by her initials PGMA and GMA,is a Filipino academic and politician who previously served as the 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010. She is the longest serving president of the Philippines since Ferdinand Marcos. Before her accession to the presidency,she served as the 10th Vice President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001 under President Joseph Ejercito Estrada,making her the country's first female vice president,despite having run on an opposing ticket. She was also a Senator from 1992 to 1998. After her presidency,she was elected as the Representative of Pampanga's 2nd district in 2010 and later became the Speaker of the House of Representatives on 2018 to 2019. She was also serving in the congress as a Deputy Speaker from 2016 to 2017 and from 2022 until 2023. She is one of the only 2 Filipinos to hold at least three of the four highest offices in the country:vice president,president,and house speaker,alongside former President Sergio Osmeña.
This article covers the history of the current Philippine republican state following the 1986 People Power Revolution,known as the Fifth Philippine Republic.
Ralph Gonzalez Recto is a Filipino politician currently serving as the 33rd Secretary of Finance under President Bongbong Marcos since January 12,2024. He previously served as the representative for Batangas' 6th district and as the House Deputy Speaker from 2022 to 2024.
Ceferino "Joker" Paz Arroyo Jr. was a Filipino statesman and key figure in the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution that ousted dictator Ferdinand Marcos. He was a Congressman for Makati from 1992 to 2001 and Senator from 2001 to 2013. Arroyo received various awards and commendations for his significant contributions to the law profession and public service. Among these are the Philippine Bar Association's Most Distinguished Award for Justice as a "man beholden to no one except to his country" and Senate Resolution No. 100 enacted in the 8th Congress citing his invaluable service to the Filipino people. He was also known for being the thriftiest legislator,earning the title of "Scrooge of Congress",as he only had few staff members without bodyguards and did not use his pork barrel funds. In 2018,Arroyo was identified by the Human Rights Victims' Claims Board as a Motu proprio human rights violations victim of the Martial Law Era.
Angelo Tomas Reyes also known as General Reyes,was a Filipino retired general and politician who served as the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Chief of Staff from 2000 to 2001 under President Joseph Estrada. At the height of the 2001 EDSA Revolution,Reyes withdrew his support for Estrada,which led to the installation of Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as president,under whom he then served as Cabinet Secretary until 2010. He also served under Arroyo as Secretary of the Departments of the Interior and Local Government,Environment and Natural Resources,Energy,and National Defense.
Orlando Sanchez Mercado,better known as Orly Mercado,is a Filipino politician and broadcast journalist best known for having served as a senator of the Philippines from 1987 to 1998,Secretary of Defense from 1998 to 2001,and for his long career as a broadcast journalist,most famously for hosting the television program Kapwa Ko Mahal Ko.
The National Transmission Corporation is a Philippine government-owned and controlled corporation established in June 26,2001 by the Electric Power Industry Reform Act and a corporate entity wholly owned by the Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management (PSALM). It is the owner of the country's power grid and its related assets and facilities since March 1,2003,and also served as operator of the grid from March 2003 until the turnover of the grid's operations and maintenance to the privately owned National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) on January 15,2009.
Lakas–Christian Muslim Democrats,abbreviated as Lakas–CMD and also known simply as Lakas,is a political party in the Philippines. Lakas–CMD is considered to sit on the centre-right of the political spectrum and is influenced by Christian democracy and Islamic democracy. Since the 2022 elections,Lakas–CMD is currently the biggest party in the House of Representatives,with the party's president,Martin Romualdez,serving as Speaker of the House. The party is a dominant member of the UniTeam Alliance led by President Bongbong Marcos.
Emilia Tabalanza Boncodin was a Filipina accountant,professor,and public servant. She was the Secretary of the Philippine Department of Budget and Management under the presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. She also served as a professor at the National College of Public Administration and Governance at the University of the Philippines Diliman until her death in 2010.
The Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (CSAFP) is the highest-ranking military officer and the head of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP),including all service branches under its command. The position is usually held by a four-star rank of General or Admiral. Its direct equivalent in the US Armed Forces is the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Unlike its US counterpart,which is merely supervisory,the Chief of Staff has complete operational control within the military hierarchy and is responsible for the overall operations of the AFP.
The order of precedence in the Philippines is the protocol used in ranking government officials and other personages in the Philippines. Purely ceremonial in nature,it has no legal standing,and does not reflect the presidential line of succession nor the equal status of the three branches of government established in the 1987 Constitution.
Silvestre Hernando Bello III is a Filipino businessman and lawyer from Isabela,who served as the Secretary of the Philippines' Department of Labor and Employment,and concurrently Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process,under the Duterte administration. Bello was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte to replace Rosalinda Baldoz in the secretaryship.
Menardo Ilasco Guevarra is a Filipino lawyer serving as Solicitor General of the Philippines since 2022 under President Bongbong Marcos. He previously served as the Secretary of Justice under President Rodrigo Duterte and as a commissioner of the Philippine Competition Commission under President Benigno Aquino III. Before joining the government,he was involved in private litigation practice as a founding partner of the Medialdea Ata Bello Guevarra &Suarez law firm since 1990. He was also an active faculty member at his alma mater Ateneo de Manila University,where he graduated in 1974.
Marie Louise "Liza" Araneta Marcos is a Filipina lawyer and academic who has been the first lady of the Philippines since 2022 as the wife of Bongbong Marcos,the 17th and incumbent president of the Philippines. Born in Manila,Araneta Marcos is a graduate of Ateneo de Manila University and completed postgraduate courses at New York University. In addition to her law practice,she taught in various universities in the country and is a founder of MOST Law Firm and M&A Associates. She met Bongbong Marcos in New York City in 1989 and married him in 1993. Araneta Marcos also served as the main strategist in her husband's presidential campaign,and is seen as one of the key people influencing her husband's presidency.
The inauguration of Bongbong Marcos as the 17th president of the Philippines took place around noon (PHT) on Thursday,June 30,2022,at the National Museum of Fine Arts. The chief justice of the Supreme Court Alexander Gesmundo administered the oath of office,a first in 18 years,since the previous two presidential oaths were administered by an associate justice.
The presidential transition of Bongbong Marcos started when former senator Bongbong Marcos won the Philippine presidential election on May 9,2022. Marcos topped the official count by the Congress of the Philippines with 31,629,783 votes. The joint bicameral Congress proclaimed Marcos as the president-elect and Sara Duterte as the vice president-elect on May 25,2022. The transition lasted until the day of the president-elect's inauguration on June 30,2022.
Rose Beatrix "Trixie" Laviña Cruz-Angeles is a Filipino lawyer and vlogger who served as Press Secretary of the Philippines from June 30,2022,until October 4,2022.
Domingo Flores Panganiban,also known as Ding Panganiban,is a Filipino agriculturist,government official and former basketball executive and coach. He served as the Secretary of the Department of Agriculture under the administration of Presidents Joseph Estrada and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.
Gamaliel Asis Cordoba is a Filipino lawyer who was the longest-serving Commissioner of the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) from 2009 until 2022. He is currently the Chairperson of the Commission on Audit (COA) replacing former Solicitor General Jose Calida. His appointment was confirmed by the Commission on Appointments (CA) on November 29,2022.
