Rebeca Delgado

Last updated

Rebeca Delgado
Rebeca Elvira Delgado Burgoa (Official Photo, 2012) Chamber of Deputies of Bolivia.png
Official portrait, 2012
President of the Chamber of Deputies
In office
20 January 2012 –18 January 2013
Signature (Signature) Rebeca Deglado.svg

Rebeca Elvira Delgado Burgoa (born 1 June 1966) is a Bolivian academic, lawyer, magistrate, and politician who served as president of the Chamber of Deputies from 2012 to 2013. As a member of the Movement for Socialism, she served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Cochabamba from 2010 to 2014. Prior to her election to the lower chamber, Delgado served as a party-list member of the Constituent Assembly from Cochabamba from 2006 to 2007 and was vice minister of government coordination from 2008 to 2009. Delgado's near-decade-long political and legislative tenure was preceded by a fifteen-year career as a public servant, during which time she worked as a public defender and examining magistrate, was a magistrate on the Departmental Electoral Court of Cochabamba, and served as the Ombudsman's Office's delegate for the fight against corruption in Cochabamba.

Contents

Born in La Paz and raised in Cochabamba, Delgado graduated as a lawyer at the Higher University of San Simón. She ventured into public activity through the field of human rights, supporting the Departmental Human Rights Assembly during her days as a law student. She worked as coordinator for public defense in Cochabamba and as an examining magistrate before being selected to serve on the department's Departmental Electoral Court, part of the first group of women to hold seats on the bench. Delgado became politically involved during the first government of Evo Morales when she was invited to run for a seat in the Constituent Assembly, tasked with drafting the country's current Constitution. She continued in public administration following the assembly's closure, serving as presidential delegate in Cochabamba, vice minister of government coordination, and head of the Departmental Coordinator of Autonomies.

In 2009, Delgado was elected to represent Cochabamba in the Chamber of Deputies, and was elected to the presidency of the lower chamber in 2012. Delgado's tenure saw a deterioration in relations between herself and the administration due to her willingness to challenge executive interference in legislative matters, briefly upending the subservient role the legislature had begun to take starting from Morales's second term. Delgado was not reelected to the presidency and spent the remainder of her term as persona non grata within her own party, assuming leadership over a nascent group of "freethinkers" that defected from the ruling party in the latter years of the 1st Plurinational Legislative Assembly. In late 2014, she launched a bid for the Cochabamba mayoralty on behalf of her own party, Freedom of Thought for Bolivia. However, her candidacy was disqualified due to a controversial judicial ruling that barred most outgoing legislators from running for local public office. Delgado took her grievance to the United Nations, which in 2018 ruled that the government had violated her civil and political rights.

Early life and career

Rebeca Delgado was born on 1 June 1966 in La Paz to Alfredo Delgado and Rebeca Burgoa. [2] Delgado's mother was raised in Charazani, the cultural center of the Kallawaya, an itinerant group native to the Saavedra Province. Her father was the son of a local landlord from the rural town of Pumujri in the adjoining Camacho Province. Orphaned as a child, Alfredo Delgado spent much of his youth in the care of the area's Kallawaya community, to whom he later bequeathed his inherited land titles in gratitude. Her parents' rural roots led Delgado to heavily identify with Kallawaya culture as a child, with the family often returning to vacation in Pumujri, where she participated in indigenous festivities and traditions. [3] [4]

Delgado concluded her primary studies in La Paz before moving with her family to Cochabamba, where she attended the city's Catholic Handmaids institute. She studied law at the Higher University of San Simón, graduating with a master's in criminal science and a diploma in higher education with a specialization in human rights. [2] [5] During her time in university, Delgado made her first forays into the public sector, serving as a volunteer member of the Departmental Human Rights Assembly's legal commission. Upon graduating, she briefly worked as a university professor at the Bolivian Catholic University and the Bolivian Private University before moving on to serve as coordinator for public defense of Cochabamba, her first official public function. [3] [5] It was while exercising this position in the 1990s that Delgado first became acquainted with cocalero activist Evo Morales when she was assigned to assume the defense of the region's coca growers. [6]

In the ensuing years, Delgado worked as an examining magistrate and was an active member of several women's organizations. In 1991, during the period of judicial reform spearheaded by René Blattmann—which for the first time prioritized the appointment of impartial professionals over fulfilling partisan quotas—Delgado was nominated by these women's organization to serve as a magistrate on Cochabamba's Departmental Electoral Court. The hard-fought push for women's representation in the judiciary meant that not only was Delgado part of the first group of women to serve on the court, but the body actually held a female majority. Upon the conclusion of her term, Delgado was appointed to work for the Ombudsman's Office as its delegate for the fight against corruption in Cochabamba. [3] [5]

Constituent Assembly

Election

Throughout her fifteen years of public service, Delgado remained on the sidelines of partisan politics, a situation that changed in late 2005, when her name was put forward by several women's organizations as a potential candidate for a seat in the newly-formed Constituent Assembly on behalf of the Movement for Socialism (MAS-IPSP). Delgado received the formal invitation in 2006, accepted, and was elected on the MAS's party list in that year's constituent elections. [6] The postulation of retired former magistrates to contest elective office was a not uncommon tactic among political parties of the day, taking advantage of the good public image individuals like Delgado had accrued as impartial arbiters of the law. [5]

Tenure

As a constituent, Delgado chaired the assembly's Justice Commission, applying her legal knowledge to the process of writing and drafting articles in the new Constitution related to judicial matters. Of particular note was the decision to open up the designation of the country's highest judicial officials to popular vote, with candidates pre-selected by the Legislative Assembly. Though intended to alleviate the crisis of judicial independence the country faced at the time, Delgado later lamented that the legislature's ability to pre-select candidates made the judiciary subject to the whims of "buddies and friends" in the Legislative Assembly. Years later, she called for amendments to the Constitution allowing for popular participation in the pre-selection of judicial candidates. [7] Regardless of its shortfalls, Delgado regarded her term in the Constituent Assembly as her "strongest political moment and proof of political commitment". [6]

Government official

Half a year after the closure of the Constituent Assembly, Delgado was appointed to serve as the government's presidential delegate in Cochabamba, charged with coordinating government actions with the region's social sectors. Added to this was the mission of acting as a liaison between executive and departmental authorities, a task of particular import when managing relations between the government and opposition-led regions like Cochabamba. [8] Delgado's prominent position as a regional authority led President Morales to consider appointing her as the department's acting prefect in replacement of Manfred Reyes Villa, whom voters had recently recalled. For a while, she remained the president's preferred pick among a crowded field of possible candidates and was one of the final two contenders for the position, together with David Herrera, who enjoyed the support of the department's social movements. Ultimately, however, neither were chosen, with Morales instead designating Rafael Puente to hold the post. [9]

Just a month after being sworn in as a presidential delegate, Delgado was reassigned to head the Vice Ministry of Government Coordination. [10] In her service as vice minister, Delgado assisted in drafting and elaborating supreme decrees issued by the executive branch, contributed to the process of implementing the new Constitution, and successfully developed a system for monitoring the performance of public management. In April 2009, having spent the past two years in public administration, Delgado resigned and returned to Cochabamba to focus on her family. [11] [12] She was quickly substituted by Martín Burgoa, who served in an acting capacity until Wilfredo Chávez was appointed as Delgado's permanent replacement in May. [13] [14] The following month, Delgado returned to public service in a more localized role, being appointed to head the Departmental Coordinator of Autonomies of Cochabamba, a position focused on developing the department's newly-granted political autonomy, including drafting its autonomous statute. [15]

Chamber of Deputies

Election

A month and a half into her new position, Delgado was informed that the MAS's departmental directorate, together with local social organizations, had agreed to nominate her as a candidate in that year's general elections. She topped the MAS's party list in Cochabamba and was elected to represent the department in the Chamber of Deputies, becoming one of roughly a tenth of former constituents who continued national political careers following the conclusion of their terms in the Constituent Assembly. [16] [17]

Tenure

Entering parliament, Delgado was selected to serve as chair of the MAS caucus in the Chamber of Deputies, a decision in line with Morales's stated gender equity criteria for leadership positions. [18] She continued as the MAS's standard-bearer in the lower chamber for half a year before unexpectedly resigning at the end of May, citing coordination issues with the body's president, Héctor Arce. [19] The primary highlight of Delgado's early term was in the international sphere, where she served as vice president and later president of the Andean Parliament, the first Bolivian woman to assume either position. [2] [20] Her presidency focused on combating the illicit drug trade in the region and restructuring the Andean Integration System in support of the more than ten million migrants from Andean Community member states residing in the United States and European Union. [21] [22]

President of the Chamber of Deputies

In January 2012, the MAS's Cochabamba caucus presented Delgado as their nominee for the presidency of the Chamber of Deputies, challenging incumbent Héctor Arce for the post. [23] After a prolonged period of arduous debate lasting several hours, the broader MAS caucus in the Chamber of Deputies designated Delgado to succeed Arce as the body's president. She defeated the two-term incumbent by a margin of twenty-five votes, owing to Arce's lack of support among multiple departmental caucuses. [24] [25] Delgado was sworn in on 20 January, in tandem with the inauguration of Gabriela Montaño as president of the Senate. Their shared term holds the distinction of being the first time in Bolivian history that both chambers of the Legislative Assembly were simultaneously presided by women. [26]

Official portrait, 2014 Rebeca Elvira Delgado Burgoa (Official Photo, 2014) Chamber of Deputies of Bolivia.png
Official portrait, 2014

Delgado's presidency prioritized the passage of laws benefiting the most marginalized sectors of society. [23] Her tenure saw the Chamber of Deputies approve legislation aimed at guaranteeing equal conditions for disabled persons and combating human trafficking, [27] [28] and though she opposed the legal recognition of same-sex marriage, viewing it as contravening the Constitution, she did not rule out the possibility of regulating civil unions and division of property. [29] In April, the chamber unanimously passed the Law Against Harassment and Political Violence Against Women, a historic piece of legislation seeking to guarantee the free exercise of women's political rights. [30]

Regarding longstanding accusations of legislative "submission" before the executive branch, Delgado rebutted that many bills sent by the president and his team often saw up to eighty percent of their text amended and modified before final approval by the chamber. [23] Delgado's relative willingness to challenge executive interference sparked controversy late into the year following disagreements over an asset forfeiture bill. [31] The legislation, drafted by Minister of Government Carlos Romero, sought to expand the government's ability to seize and sell off illicitly-acquired property. Though constitutional experts expressed concern over the bill's perceived infringement on the right to property, the government nonetheless demanded that the legislature pass it without modifications. Despite approval from the Senate, the bill stalled in the Chamber of Deputies, with Delgado stating that some sixty percent of the law's text would have to be modified for constitutionality. [32] The ensuing public spat continued through the month, with Delgado calling on Romero to exercise more responsibility when drafting laws. [33] Romero, in turn, lambasted Delgado for having "[never] developed a serious proposal in her life", asserting that he would not argue with a person he considered politically and academically beneath him. [34] Ultimately, President Morales ordered the bill's withdrawal from parliament, announcing his intent to present it before the Plurinational Constitutional Court for review. [35] [lower-greek 1]

Delgado's much-publicized face-off with the minister of government soured relations between herself and the executive branch, and though some groups within the MAS and the opposition expressed support for her continuation as president, the political damage done proved insurmountable. Early into the new year, Morales expressed discontent with the "many problems" Delgado's presidency had brought, pointing out that compared to Arce's prior terms, Delgado's tenure was "[the] first time there was disconnect between the executive branch and the legislative branch". [37] Vice President Álvaro García Linera was more explicit, commenting that if individuals like Delgado wanted to be "freethinkers", they could leave the party. [38] Having lost the confidence of party leaders, the Cochabamba caucus opted not to nominate Delgado for a second term, and she was replaced by Betty Tejada as president of the Chamber of Deputies. Delgado's status as persona non grata within her own party continued beyond her failure to be reelected to the presidency. [39] [40] In its yearly reallocation of legislative positions, Delgado found herself left out of any and all of the chamber's commissions and committees, and her participation in party meetings was limited only to those held by her own departmental caucus, a situation she described as punishment for thinking freely. In his analysis of Delgado's post-presidency prospects, analyst Marcelo Silva stated she had been effectively relegated to "the MAS's freezer". [41]

Defection from the MAS

For the remaining two years of her term, Delgado assumed a markedly antagonistic position in relation to the ruling party. She became a leading advocate of the "freethinkers", a faction of MAS defectors that criticized the ruling party's methods and practices without breaking with the government's left-wing ideological position nor aligning with the conservative opposition. [42] This small but not insignificant group grew steadily in the closing years of the Legislative Assembly, including among its ranks at least ten deputies and some senators. [43] [44] Though never able to break the MAS majority in either legislative chamber, Delgado's movement was able to tip the scales in the Chamber of Deputies, where the ruling party lost its supermajority. [lower-greek 2] It thus also lost the ability to make decisions that necessitated the support of two-thirds of both chambers. By that point, however, analysts noted that so late into the Legislative Assembly's term, major decisions requiring two-thirds majority, such as appointing officials and constitutional reforms, were unlikely, reducing the significance of the opposition's achievement. [45]

In late 2013, Delgado's group signed an agreement with the National Council of Ayllus and Markas of Qullasuyu (CONAMAQ) to promote legislation supporting Bolivia's indigenous population. [46] Later that year, CONAMAQ secured an alliance with the Green Party (PVB-IEP) to support Rafael Quispe as a candidate for the presidency in the 2014 general election. Following the announcement, Quispe expressed interest in expanding CONAMAQ's existing pact with Delgado's bloc to include them in the new coalition. [47] The MAS dissidents, however, pronounced their discomfort with the idea of moving forward with Quispe as a candidate, instead lobbying for Delgado to head the PVB's ticket. [48] Ultimately, internal disputes over the coalition's presidential ballot forced Delgado to seek different political partners. She found them in Juan del Granado's Fearless Movement (MSM), with whom her bloc—now organized into the Freedom of Thought for Bolivia (LPB)—signed an electoral pact. [49] [50] Following the agreement, Delgado was invited to accompany del Granado as his running mate; however, she rejected the offer, stating that her aim was establishing a long-term alternative progressive political project for the country, not seeking a candidacy. [51] Delgado also declined to seek another term in the Legislative Assembly, preferring to work towards consolidating a candidacy in Cochabamba at the municipal or departmental level. [52]

Later career and retirement

The MSM's disappointing electoral performance, garnering less than three percent of the national popular vote, lost the party its legal status, leaving it unable to contest the 2015 regional elections. [53] By that point, Delgado had already distanced herself from the party's electoral campaign, stating that a lack of coordination and mutual mistrust between herself and del Granado had harmed their ability to develop a shared political project. As a result, by September, Delgado had already shifted her focus toward consolidating LPB's legal status. [54] Following the October general elections, Delgado moved forward with announcing her bid for the Cochabamba mayoralty, resigning her seat in the Legislative Assembly to focus on the race. [55] [56] With the MSM out of the running and LPB still lacking legal status, [lower-greek 3] Delgado turned to other fronts to sponsor her candidacy. She eventually reached an agreement with the opposition National Unity Front (UN) alongside the Revolutionary Left Front (FRI) and Solidarity Civic Unity (UCS) to form the United for Cochabamba (UNICO) alliance. [58] With that, Delgado quickly emerged as the favorite in the polls to become Cochabamba's next municipal mayor. [59]

That all came crashing down in December when the Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE) issued Circular 071/2014, a controversial ruling that barred nearly all legislators from the outgoing assembly from running in the 2015 elections. The electoral court argued that for the last two years, the primary residence of these individuals had been the seat of government in La Paz and not their respective regions, contravening the Constitution's residency requirements for candidates. [60] According to sociologist Salvador Romero  [ es ]: "above all, this measure affected candidates who had broken with the MAS and were running for local office; it joined [other] controversial rulings that ... discredited the TSE for its [apparent] bias in favor of the ruling party". [61] In January, the TSE disqualified Delgado's candidacy, along with those of other prominent MAS defectors Eduardo Maldonado, Ever Moya, and Edwin Tupa, all of whom had been running for the mayoralty of their respective department's capital cities. [62]

In response to her disqualification, Delgado filed a lawsuit against the government before the United Nations Human Rights Committee. The case Delgado v. Bolivia was closed in 2018, with the international body ruling in favor of Delgado, stating that the Bolivian government had violated her civil and political rights, for which it was ordered to pay "adequate compensation", including legal expenses at the national and international level. In addition, the court ruled that Bolivia, as a signatory of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, "has the obligation to adopt the necessary measures to prevent similar violations from being committed in the future", thus expressly prohibiting the government from ever issuing a resolution similar to the TSE's 2014 circular. [59] For Delgado, the precedent set was "the most important thing", [63] though, in the ensuing years, she continued to fight to receive economic damages owed, even as the government asserted that that section of the UN's ruling was "eminently recommendatory". [64] Beyond that, Delgado retired from partisan political life, returning to her origins as an academic. [65]

Electoral history

Electoral history of Rebeca Delgado
YearOfficePartyAllianceVotesResultRef.
Total %P.
2006 Constituent Movement for Socialism None286,14360.37%1stWon [66] [lower-greek 4]
2009 Deputy Movement for Socialism None569,23768.82%1stWon [67] [lower-greek 4]
2015 Mayor Freedom of ThoughtUnited for CochabambaDisqualifiedLost [62]
Source: Plurinational Electoral Organ | Electoral Atlas

Publications

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth Salguero</span> Bolivian Minister of Cultures (2011–2012)

Elizabeth Cristina Salguero Carrillo is a Bolivian diplomat, journalist, politician, and women's rights activist who served as minister of cultures from 2011 to 2012. A member of the Movement for Socialism, she previously served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz from 2006 to 2009. In 2009, she was elected as a substitute party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz but resigned before taking office in order to launch an ultimately unsuccessful La Paz mayoral campaign. From 2012 to 2015, she served as ambassador of Bolivia to Germany, and since then has worked as an international expert in strategic planning at UN Women.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Plurinational Legislative Assembly of Bolivia</span>

The 2010–2015 Plurinational Legislative Assembly of Bolivia was the first class of the Bolivian legislature, also known as the Plurinational Legislative Assembly, to go by that name. The Assembly was controlled in both houses by the governing Movement for Socialism (MAS-IPSP), elected with a 2/3 supermajority, although some members later separated themselves from the majority. Just four incumbent members of the 2005–2010 Congress returned: Deputy Antonio Franco; Deputy Javier Zabaleta (MAS-IPSP/MSM); Senator René Martínez (MAS-IPSP), who was a deputy; and Senator Róger Pinto, previously of Podemos and now representing PPB-CN.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adriana Salvatierra</span> Bolivian political scientist and politician (born 1989)

Adriana Salvatierra Arriaza is a Bolivian political scientist and politician who served as president of the Senate in 2019. A member of the Movement for Socialism, she served as senator for Santa Cruz from 2015 to 2020 and was a substitute senator for Santa Cruz under Carlos Romero in 2015. At age twenty-nine, Salvatierra was the youngest legislator and third woman to hold the presidency of the Senate and was the youngest individual to ever exert presidential authority, albeit briefly in an acting capacity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrea Barrientos</span> Bolivian Senator for Cochabamba (since 2020)

Andrea Bruna Barrientos Sahonero is a Bolivian businesswoman, politician, and singer-songwriter serving as senator for Cochabamba since 2020. A member of Civic Community, she served as the leader of the alliance's caucus in the Senate from 2020 to 2021.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Betty Tejada</span> President of the Bolivian Chamber of Deputies (2013–2014)

Betty Asunta Tejada Soruco is a Bolivian ecologist, lawyer, and politician who served as president of the Chamber of Deputies from 2013 to 2014. A member of the Movement for Socialism, she served as party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Santa Cruz from 2010 to 2015. Prior to that, she served in the same position from 2002 to 2006 and as a substitute party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Santa Cruz under Roberto Landívar from 1997 to 2002, on behalf of New Republican Force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Freddy Mamani</span> Bolivian educator and politician (born 1974)

Freddy Mamani Laura is a Bolivian educator, politician, and trade unionist who served as president of the Chamber of Deputies from 2020 to 2022. A member of the Movement for Socialism, he has served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz since 2020. He previously served as executive secretary of the National Confederation of Rural Teachers of Bolivia and as departmental executive of the Federation of Rural Teachers of La Paz. Prior to entering politics, Mamani worked as a teacher, serving as the principal of various rural schools in the department.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luis Gallego</span> Bolivian politician (born 1968)

Luis Gallego Condori is a Bolivian lawyer and politician who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from Potosí, representing circumscription 39 from 2010 to 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marcela Revollo</span> Bolivian politician (born 1964)

Miriam Marcela Revollo Quiroga is a Bolivian academic, politician, and sociologist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 10 from 2010 to 2015. Though Revollo's political career is closely linked to that of her husband, longtime La Paz Mayor Juan del Granado, her political origins are independent of marriage. A graduate of the higher universities of San Simón and San Andrés, Revollo entered political life as an activist in the student movement and was a steadfast advocate for the inclusion of women in the country's democratic process. Together with her husband, she founded the Fearless Movement, with which she was elected as a party-list member of the Constituent Assembly from La Paz from 2006 to 2007. As a parliamentarian, she continued to work toward the advancement of women's causes, largely supporting the social policies enacted by the ruling Movement for Socialism, even as she simultaneously criticized many of the administration's illiberal practices.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franz Choque</span> Bolivian politician (born 1969)

Franz Gróver Choque Ulloa is a Bolivian industrial engineer, lawyer, and politician who served as vice minister of employment, civil service, and cooperatives from 2019 to 2020. A member of the Social Democratic Movement, he previously served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Oruro from 2010 to 2014 on behalf of the National Convergence alliance and as a member of the Constituent Assembly from Oruro, representing circumscription 32 from 2006 to 2007 on behalf of the Social Democratic Power alliance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mireya Montaño</span> Bolivian politician (born 1978)

Carol Mireya Montaño Rocha is a Bolivian lawyer, politician, and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 11 from 2015 to 2020. A member of the Movement for Socialism, Montaño entered politics as head of the party's youth wing in El Alto, later serving as secretary of organization of the Federation of Neighborhood Councils. Her party's alliance with El Alto's neighborhood councils facilitated Montaño's entry into the Chamber of Deputies. In 2009, she was elected as a substitute deputy representing La Paz's circumscription 14 and in 2014, she became one of the few ruling party parliamentarians to be presented for reelection, this time for a full seat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tito Veizaga</span> Bolivian politician (born 1961)

Tito Veizaga Cossío is a Bolivian cocalero activist, politician, and trade unionist who served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 17 from 2015 to 2020. A member of the Movement for Socialism, Veizaga followed the usual path taken by rural union leaders, scaling the ranks of trade syndicate leadership until reaching the departmental level. In 2004, he was elected to serve as mayor of Cajuata, and though he failed in his attempt at reelection in 2010, he maintained a presence in his party's internal structure. In 2014, Veizaga was elected to represent the Yungas region in the Chamber of Deputies. Though many local cocaleros opposed the government's attempt at regulating their crop, Veizaga held the party line, supporting the passage of the 2017 General Law of Coca. He was not nominated for reelection.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saúl Lara</span> Bolivian politician (born 1957)

Saúl Octavio Lara Torrico is a Bolivian lawyer, jurist, and politician who has served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Cochabamba since 2020. A member of Civic Community, he previously served as vice minister of the interior from 2003 to 2004 and as minister of government from 2004 to 2005. A graduate of the Higher University of San Simón, Lara spent much of his career as a legal advisor and consultant for various public and private institutions and corporations. From 1993 to 1997, he served as chief of staff to Foreign Minister Antonio Araníbar, during which time he joined the minister's party, the Free Bolivia Movement, of which he was secretary of finance. Appointed to head the Ministry of Government in 2004, Lara developed a lasting personal friendship with then-president Carlos Mesa, aiding his 2019 campaign to return to the presidency. The following year, he joined Civic Community's electoral list in the Cochabamba Department, netting a seat in the Chamber of Deputies in the 2020–2025 Legislative Assembly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shirley Franco</span> Bolivian politician (born 1987)

Shirley Franco Rodríguez is a Bolivian political scientist and politician who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Cochabamba from 2015 to 2020. She previously served on the Cochabamba Municipal Council from 2010 to 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lidia Patty</span> Bolivian politician (born 1969)

Lidia Patty Mullisaca is a Bolivian politician and trade unionist. A member of the Movement for Socialism, Patty represented La Paz in the Chamber of Deputies, first as a substitute alongside Manuel Canelas from 2015 to 2018 and later as a voting member until 2020. She later served as consul of Bolivia to Puno, Peru, in June 2023 and has been vice consul of Bolivia in La Plata, Argentina, since September 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olivia Guachalla</span> Bolivian politician (born 1984)

Olivia Guachalla Yupanqui is a Bolivian lawyer and politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from Cochabamba, representing circumscription 22 since 2020. An ethnic Aymara, Guachalla entered political life as an activist in the student movement. After graduating from the Higher University of San Simón, she worked as a neighborhood council leader in the southern zone of Cochabamba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Emeliana Aiza</span> Bolivian politician (born 1980)

Emeliana Aiza Parada is a Bolivian politician and trade unionist who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Potosí from 2010 to 2015. A member of the Movement for Socialism, she represented the same department as a substitute alongside Severo Pacaja from 2006 to 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernard Gutiérrez</span> Bolivian politician (born 1972)

Bernard Osvaldo Gutiérrez Sanz is a Bolivian lawyer, politician, and former television presenter who served as senator for Cochabamba from 2010 to 2014 and as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Cochabamba from 2015 to 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gardenia Arauz</span> Bolivian politician (born 1972)

María Gardenia Arauz Menacho is a Bolivian politician and trade unionist who served as a substitute member of the Chamber of Deputies from Beni, representing circumscription 63 from 2010 to 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ninfa Huarachi</span> Bolivian politician (born 1955)

Ninfa Huarachi Condori is a Bolivian politician and trade unionist who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from Tarija from 2010 to 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">María Alanoca</span> Bolivian politician (born 1960)

María Alanoca Tinta is a Bolivian politician and trade unionist serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz, representing circumscription 10 since 2020. A member of the Movement for Socialism, she represented the same department as a substitute alongside Wilfredo Calani from 2010 to 2015.

References

Notes

  1. ↑ In 2013, the court found seven articles of the bill unconstitutional. Delgado highlighted her vindication but considered that the entire bill should have been thrown out to allow for the elaboration of a new law. [36]
  2. ↑ Apart from the preexisting elected opposition led by National Convergence with thirty-seven deputies, followed by the National Unity Front with three and the Social Alliance at two, the MAS had also lost the support of several legislators from the Fearless Movement and the caucus of indigenous deputies, both of whom entered parliament with the ruling party before breaking with it for various reasons.
  3. ↑ The Departmental Electoral Tribunal of Cochabamba eventually granted LPB legal status in December, days after Delgado had already consolidated an alternative electoral alliance. [57]
  4. 1 2 Presented on an electoral list. The data shown represents the share of the vote the entire party/alliance received in that constituency.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ "Librepensantes y 12 organizaciones perdieron su personalidad jurídica". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 26 May 2015. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 Vargas & Villavicencio 2014, p. 65.
  3. 1 2 3 Gonzales Salas 2013, p. 65.
  4. ↑ Sahonero Camacho, Mirla (28 January 2017). "Freddy Delgado B. Agroecólogo y mediador". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Romero Ballivián 2018, p. 194.
  6. 1 2 3 Paredes Tamayo, Iván (23 June 2013). "Rebeca Delgado: Creemos en el liderazgo de Evo; la cúpula que lo rodea es la inorgánica". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  7. ↑ Quiroz Terán, Mauricio (11 February 2022). "Rebeca Delgado demanda participación ciudadana para eliminar 'el cuateo político' de la Justicia" . El Deber (in Spanish). Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Archived from the original on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  8. ↑ "Evo Morales cambia a su delegada en Cochabamba". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabmaba. 16 May 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  9. ↑ "El MAS se apresta a posesionar al Prefecto interino en Cochabamba". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 24 August 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  10. ↑ "Gobierno posesionó a nueva viceministra y delegado presidencial" (in Spanish). La Paz. Agencia de Noticias Fides. 16 June 2008. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  11. ↑ "Renuncia viceministra de Coordinación Gubernamental" (in Spanish). La Paz. Agencia de Noticias Fides. 23 April 2009. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  12. ↑ "Renuncia viceministra de Coordinación Gubernamental". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 24 April 2009. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  13. ↑ "Gobierno nombra sucesor de Rebeca Delgado". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 24 April 2009. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  14. ↑ Staff writer (6 May 2009). Written at La Paz. "Chávez jura como 'Vice'". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Agencia de Noticias Fides. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  15. ↑ "Rebeca Delgado asume cargo de coordinadora regional de autonomías". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 17 June 2009. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
  16. ↑ Gonzales Salas 2013, p. 66.
  17. ↑ Romero Ballivián 2018, p. 19.
  18. ↑ Staff writer (19 January 2010). Written at La Paz. "Evo dice la equidad se impuso para elegir a Anamar y Arce en las directivas de la Asamblea Legislativa". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  19. ↑ Staff writer (1 June 2010). Written at La Paz. "Rebeca Delgado confirma que deja jefatura de MAS". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  20. ↑ Staff writer (28 March 2010). Written at Bogotá. "Delgado en Parlamento Andino". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Agencia Boliviana de Información. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  21. ↑ "Delgado asume Presidencia del Parlamento Andino". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. 8 August 2011. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  22. ↑ Staff writer (9 August 2011). Written at La Paz. "Delgado anuncia reestructuración". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  23. 1 2 3 "Delgado: Hay leyes del Ejecutivo que cambiamos en 80 por ciento". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  24. ↑ "Rebeca Delgado dirigirá la Cámara de Diputados". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 14 January 2012. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  25. ↑ "Arce destaca la elección de Delgado en diputados". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 15 January 2012. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  26. ↑ Staff writer (20 January 2012). Written at La Paz. "Dos mujeres presiden por primera vez Senado y Cámara de Diputados de Bolivia". ABC Color (in Spanish). Asunción. EFE. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  27. ↑ Staff writer (4 February 2012). Written at La Paz. "Diputados aprueba en detalle y con modificaciones el proyecto de Ley para discapacitados". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  28. ↑ Staff writer (13 June 2012). Written at La Paz. "Diputados aprueba en detalle ley contra la trata". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  29. ↑ "Delgado descarta matrimonios entre personas del mismo sexo". El Diario (in Spanish). La Paz. 24 May 2012. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  30. ↑ "Diputados aprueban Ley contra el Acoso Político a Mujeres". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 11 April 2012. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  31. ↑ United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Decision (28 March 2018), Rebeca Delgado v. BoliviaCCPR/C/122/D/2628/2015, p. 2, retrieved 25 September 2022– via Legal Tools
  32. ↑ "Una ley causa discordia en el Ejecutivo y Legislativo, y Evo pide al TCP que dirima el conflicto de poderes". Bolpress (in Spanish). La Paz. 6 November 2012. Archived from the original on 25 August 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  33. ↑ "Delgado critica a Romero por la ley de Extinción". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 1 November 2012. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  34. ↑ "Romero y Delgado develan sus roces". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 26 November 2012. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  35. ↑ "Evo suspende tratamiento del Proyecto de Ley de Extinción de Dominio" (in Spanish). La Paz. ERBOL. 5 November 2012. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  36. ↑ "TCP observa 7 artículos de la ley de extinción". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 26 April 2013. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  37. ↑ "Morales admite 'problemas' con Delgado". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. 3 January 2013. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  38. ↑ "García Linera les dice a los masistas que si son 'libre pensantes' pueden irse" (in Spanish). La Paz. Agencia de Noticias Fides. 10 January 2013. Archived from the original on 19 November 2020. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  39. ↑ "Evo recoge propuestas y candidaturas de 4 bancadas". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 12 January 2013. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  40. ↑ "Betty Tejada será la nueva presidenta de Diputados y Montaño se queda en Senadores". El Diario (in Spanish). La Paz. 18 January 2013. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  41. ↑ "El MAS pone en la congeladora a Rebeca Delgado, ella dice que asume el 'castigo'". Red UNO (in Spanish). 25 January 2013. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2022– via eju!.
  42. ↑ Staff writer (22 September 2013). Written at La Paz. "Rebeca Delgado: 'Librepensantes' inician nueva forma de hacer política" . La Patria (in Spanish). Oruro. Agencia de Noticias Fides. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  43. ↑ "Creen que el MAS puede perder sus 2/3". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 9 May 2013. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  44. ↑ "Cinco asambleístas del MAS se reunieron con disidentes". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 11 June 2013. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  45. ↑ "Los dos tercios dejan de ser importantes en el Legislativo". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 28 May 2013. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  46. ↑ "'Libre pensantes' firman con Conamaq y forman bancada indígena en la Asamblea" . La Patria (in Spanish). Oruro. Agencia de Noticias Fides. 10 August 2013. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  47. ↑ "Quispe quiere la sigla del Partido Verde". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. 26 November 2013. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  48. ↑ "¿Rebeca o Quispe? Conamaq, Cidob y librepensantes no se ponen de acuerdo" (in Spanish). La Paz. ERBOL. 29 October 2013. Archived from the original on 7 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022– via eju!.
  49. ↑ "Delgado confirma pacto con MSM". El Diario (in Spanish). La Paz. 3 June 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  50. ↑ "LPB suscribe acuerdo de alianza con MSM". El Diario (in Spanish). La Paz. 4 June 2014. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  51. ↑ "El MSM suma alianzas políticas en Cochabamba" . Página Siete (in Spanish). La Paz. 25 June 2014. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  52. ↑ "Rebeca Delgado y Marcela Revollo no buscarán la reelección como parlamentarias" (in Spanish). La Paz. Oxígeno. 9 July 2014. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  53. ↑ Vargas, Rubén (19 October 2014). "El MSM y el PVB pierden su personería jurídica". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  54. ↑ "Desconfianza acabó con oposición". El Diario (in Spanish). La Paz. 24 October 2014. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  55. ↑ Staff writer (22 October 2014). Written at Cochabamba. "Rebeca Delgado crea su agrupación política LPB" . Página Siete (in Spanish). La Paz. ERBOL. Archived from the original on 23 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  56. ↑ "Delgado deja curul para dedicarse a la campaña". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 17 December 2014. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  57. ↑ "Agrupación LPB obtiene su personería". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). Cochabamba. 14 December 2014. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  58. ↑ Rojas, Christian (12 October 2014). "La UN, la UCS y el FRI se alían para postular a Rebeca Delgado a la Alcaldía de Cochabamba" (in Spanish). La Paz. Oxígeno. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  59. 1 2 Andre, Christopher (18 April 2018). "Fallo a favor de Delgado advierte a Bolivia que no pueden vetar candidatos". El Deber (in Spanish). Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  60. ↑ Staff writer (29 December 2014). Written at La Paz. "TSE ordena inhabilitar candidatura de legisladores". Opinión (in Spanish). Cochabamba. Agencia de Noticias Fides. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  61. ↑ Romero Ballivián 2018, p. 195.
  62. 1 2 Melgarejo, Angélica; Corz, Carlos (15 January 2015). "El TSE inhabilita a casi la mitad de candidatos inscritos en el país". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  63. ↑ "'El dictamen de la ONU sienta un precedente'" . Página Siete (in Spanish). La Paz. 19 April 2018. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  64. ↑ "Afirman que el Gobierno descarta resarcir a Delgado y Maldonado". El Potosí (in Spanish). La Paz. Agencia de Noticias Fides. 19 April 2019. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  65. ↑ Carballo, María (27 April 2018). "'No volveré a la política, estaré con mis proyectos académicos'" . Página Siete (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 23 September 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  66. ↑ "Elecciones Constituyentes 2006 | Atlas Electoral". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). La Paz: Plurinational Electoral Organ . Retrieved 5 June 2022.
  67. ↑ "Elecciones Generales 2009 | Atlas Electoral". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). La Paz: Plurinational Electoral Organ. Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2022.

Bibliography

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.