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Scelidotheriidae is a family of extinct ground sloths within the order Pilosa, suborder Folivora and superfamily Mylodontoidea, related to the other extinct mylodontoid family, Mylodontidae, as well as to the living two-toed sloth family Choloepodidae. The only other extant family of the suborder Folivora is the distantly related Bradypodidae. Erected as the family Scelidotheriidae by Ameghino in 1889, the taxon was demoted to a subfamily by Gaudin in 1995. However, recent collagen sequence data indicates the group is less closely related to Mylodon and Lestodon than Choloepus is, and thus it has been elevated back to full family status by Presslee et al. (2019).
Capromeryx minor, sometimes known as the dwarf pronghorn, is a very small, extinct species of pronghorn-like antilocaprid ungulate discovered in the La Brea Tar Pits of California and elsewhere. It has been found at least as far east as the coast of Texas. It stood about 60 centimetres tall at the shoulders and weighed about 10 kilograms (22 lb). It is unclear whether females had horns as well as males. Each horn consists of a pair of short, straight points that sprout from a single base on either side of the head, with the two prongs parallel rather than diverging as in Tetrameryx and Stockoceros. A number of different species have been described which are likely all the same: Capromeryx furcifer, Capromeryx mexicana and Capromeryx minimus. Capromeryx furcifer would have priority as the proper name for the Late Irvingtonian through Rancholabrean species in which the anterior prong is less than 50% the height of the posterior prong. Its fossils have also been found at least as far east at as the Texas coast, as well as in Nebraska, Kansas, New Mexico, Sonora, Baja California, and near Mexico City. Specimens of this species date to the Late Irvingtonian and Rancholabrean periods. Two earlier species are known: Capromeryx tautonensis from Washington state and from Central Mexico in the Early Blancan, and Capromeryx arizonensis from the Late Blancan in Arizona, New Mexico and Florida. These two earlier species were larger and heavier than the Pleistocene species. It is thought by some biologists that it lived in forests and underbrush, where its small size would have helped it to hide. It is unlikely that it lived in open prairies, since it would not have been fast enough to outrun the predators of that time.
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The Blancan North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 4,750,000 to 1,806,000 years BP, a period of 2.944 million years . It is usually considered to start in the early-mid Pliocene Epoch and end by the early Pleistocene. The Blancan is preceded by the Hemphillian and followed by the Irvingtonian NALMA stages.
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This article records new taxa of fossil mammals of every kind that have been described during the year 2011, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of mammals that occurred in the year 2011.
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Capromeryx was a genus of dwarf pronghorns (Antilocapridae) that originated in North America during the Pliocene about 5 million years ago. The closest living relative and only surviving member of the family is the North American pronghorn. Capromeryx furcifer is one of the smallest artiodactlys known, being 24 inches (61 cm) at the shoulder and 25 pounds (11 kg) in weight.
References
- ↑ Steven R. May (1981). "Repomys (Mammalia: Rodentia gen. nov.) from the late Neogene of California and Nevada". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 1 (2): 219–230. doi:10.1080/02724634.1981.10011893.
- ↑ William W. Korth & Donald D. De Blieux (2010). "Rodents and Lagomorphs (Mammalia) from the Hemphillian (Late Miocene) of Utah". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 30 (1): 226–235. doi:10.1080/02724630903412448. S2CID 86523898.
- ↑ Tomida, Yukimitsu (1985). "SMALL MAMMAL FOSSILS AND CORRELATION OF CONTINENTAL DEPOSITS, SAFFORD AND DUNCAN BASINS, ARIZONA (GILA CONGLOMERATE, MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY, BIOCHRONOLOGY, BLANCAN AGE, TAXONOMY)". The University of Arizona.Cite journal requires
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