| Rhaucus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Opiliones |
| Family: | Cosmetidae |
| Subfamily: | Metergininae |
| Genus: | Rhaucus Simon, 1879 |
| Type species | |
| Rhaucus vulneratus Simon, 1879 | |
| Species | |
7 species (see text) | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Rhaucus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the Colombian northern Andes. There are currently seven described species in the genus. [1] [2]
Many species were included in Rhaucus, until a taxonomic revision (in 2017) [1] reduced the genus to a more clearly defined grouping and synonymized or transferred multiple previously described species to leave five remaining species. [1] A previously synonymized species, R. papilionaceus , was revalidated in 2018. [2]
Rhaucus contains seven species: [3] (after García et al. (2017) [1]
(Note: Rhaucus trilineatus is interpreted [3] as having been indirectly transferred to Rhaucus due to the synonymy of Metarhaucus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1905 under Rhaucus in García & Kury (2017: 417). [1] There, the type species Metarhaucus fuscus Pickard-Cambridge 1905 became a junior synonym of Rhaucus serripes (Simon, 1879)), consequently leading to Metarhaucus = Rhaucus. Other species then placed in Metarhaucus at that time and similarly affected by the same synonymy have since been re-formalised into other genera).
Cosmetidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores. With over 700 species, it is one of the largest families in Opiliones. They are endemic of the New World with a Nearctic-Neotropical distribution where a large fraction of the diversity of Opiliones are represented by this single family. Cosmetidae have the northern extent of their range into the USA, where a small number species occur in the southern states. However, the family is especially diverse in Mexico, Central America and northern South America; especially the Andean realms. Their range also extends further south into Argentina and southern Brazil, but they are absent in Chile. Cosmetidae are prevalent in Amazonian region, but only relatively few also occur in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Several species are also found in the Caribbean.
Dyspnoi is a suborder of harvestmen, currently comprising 43 extant genera and 356 extant species, although more species are expected to be described in the future. The eight families are currently grouped into three superfamilies: the Acropsopilionoidea, Ischyropsalidioidea, and Troguloidea.
Sabacon is a genus of the monotypic harvestman family Sabaconidae, with 59 species.
Ischyropsalididae is a family of harvestmen with 35 described species in 3 genera, found in Europe and North America.
The Cranaidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
The Cladonychiidae are a small family of harvestman with about 33 described species, within the suborder Laniatores.
Taracus is a genus of harvestman, or Opiliones, typically found living in limestone and lava caves in the United States. They grow to a size of 2.0–5.5 mm (0.08–0.22 in).
Epicadus is a genus of crab spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1895. It is considered a senior synonym of Tobias.
Crosbycus is a potentially monotypic genus of harvestmen in the family Taracidae, with one species found in North America as of 2023, per the World Catalog of Opiliones.
Taracidae is a family of harvestmen in the order Opiliones. There are 4 genera and 23 described species in Taracidae.
Ortholasma is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae with 5 described species. The genus has been revised by Shear (2010).
Vonones is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. There are at least two described species in Vonones.
Ischyropsalis is a genus of harvestmen in the monotypic family Ischyropsalididae, with 24 described species. They are found in Europe.
Ortholasmatinae is a subfamily of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae with 27 described species in 7 genera. They are found in temperate and often mountainous regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Taito is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
Discosomaticinae is a subfamily of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae.
Metergininae is a subfamily of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae.
Ischyropsalidoidea is a superfamily of harvestmen with 9 genera, found in Europe and North America.
Martensolasma is a genus of harvestmen in the family Nemastomatidae with two described species . Both species are found in Mexico. The type species was include in catalog by Schönhofer (2013). The genus Martensolasma was described by William Shear, with the type species Martensolasma jocheni Shear, 2006. A second species was later added to the genus by Cruz-López, 2017.
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