| Rufous-lored tyrannulet | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tyrannidae |
| Genus: | Phylloscartes |
| Species: | P. flaviventris |
| Binomial name | |
| Phylloscartes flaviventris (Hartert, 1897) | |
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| Synonyms | |
| |
The rufous-lored tyrannulet (Phylloscartes flaviventris) is a Near Threatened species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is endemic to Venezuela. [1] [2]
The rufous-lored tyrannulet was originally described in 1897 as Leptotriccus flaviventris. [3] It was later moved to genus Pogonotriccus and still later to its present Phylloscartes . Some authors called it the "yellow-bellied bristle-tyrant" but it gained its present English name when it was moved to Phylloscartes and the true bristle-tyrants alone were retained in Pogonotriccus. The rufous-lored tyrannulet and the cinnamon-faced tyrannulet (P. parkeri) form a superspecies. [4]
The rufous-lored tyrannulet is about 12 cm (4.7 in) long and weighs about 8 g (0.28 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a rufous forehead whose color extends to above the eye and becomes yellow beyond it. Their lores and "moustache" are blackish, they have a rufous arc below the eye, and a black crescent wraps around their yellowish ear coverts. Their crown is pearly gray and the rest of their upperparts are bright olive. Their wings are blackish with bright yellow edges and tips on the flight feathers. Their wing coverts have wide yellow tips that show as two wing bars. Their long slender tail is olive. Their underparts are entirely bright yellow. Both sexes have a brown iris, a long, pointed, black bill, and gray legs and feet. [5] [6]
The rufous-lored tyrannulet has a disjunct distribution within Venezuela. It is found in the mountains of Yaracuy state, in the section of the Coastal Cordillera from western Carabobo east to Aragua and the Capital District, and away from the coast in Miranda and in Guatopo National Park on the Miranda-Guárico border. It inhabits humid to wet montane evergreen forest, mostly in the upper tropical zone but also higher in cloudforest. It primarily is found in the forest interior but often also occurs at its edges. In elevation it ranges from 300 to 1,000 m (1,000 to 3,300 ft) and probably higher. [5] [6]
The rufous-lored tyrannulet is a year-round resident. [5]
The rufous-lored tyrannulet's diet has not been detailed but is thought to be primarily insects. It forages actively, mostly from the forest's mid-story to its canopy. It typically perches horizontally on a branch, sometimes with its tail slightly cocked up, and makes short sallies to grab or hover-glean prey from leaves and twigs. It also occasionally gleans while perched. It typically forages in pairs or small family groups, and usually as part of a mixed-species feeding flock. [5] [6]
Nothing is known about the rufous-lored tyrannulet's breeding biology. [5]
As of late 2024 xeno-canto had only three recordings of rufous-lored tyrannulet vocalizations and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Macaulay Library had only five, with some overlap between the two collections. [5] While foraging the species makes a quick, one to four note, "fussy...high, thin, and jangling teep-teep-teep". It also makes a "sputtery, jangling te'te'skeek!". [6]
The IUCN originally in 2004 assessed the rufous-lored tyrannulet as being of Least Concern but from February 2024 as Near Threatened. It has a small range; its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. "Due to its habitat requirements, the species is threatened by the loss of forests within the range, mainly through logging and conversion for agriculture and livestock pastures. Tree cover loss is however still slow and localised, with large areas of undisturbed habitat remaining." [1] It is considered uncommon to fairly common. [6] It occurs in at least two national parks, but "deforestation has been severe around residential areas, e.g. Caracas, as well as in many other areas". [5]
Urich's tyrannulet is an Endangered species of bird in subfamily Elaeniinae of family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is endemic to Venezuela.
Chapman's bristle tyrant, also known as Chapman's tyrannulet, is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela.
The Serra do Mar bristle tyrant, or Serra do Mar tyrannulet, is a small species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. It is endemic to Brazil.
The southern bristle tyrant is a Near Threatened species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.
The Panama tyrannulet or yellow-green tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is endemic to Panama.
The Ecuadorian tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
The Antioquia bristle tyrant is a Vulnerable species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is endemic to Colombia.
The black-fronted tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela.
The marble-faced bristle tyrant is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The spectacled bristle tyrant is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The cinnamon-faced tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
The Sao Paulo bristle tyrant, or Sao Paulo tyrannulet, is a Near Threatened species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.
The variegated bristle tyrant is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The Minas Gerais tyrannulet is an Endangered species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers.
The rufous-browed tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, and possibly Peru.
The Venezuelan bristle tyrant is a Near Threatened species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is endemic to Venezuela.
The olive-green tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, and Suriname.
The Bolivian tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
The Venezuelan tyrannulet is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is endemic to Venezuela.
The Guianan tyrannulet is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.
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