Santa Marta antbird

Last updated

Santa Marta antbird
Drymophila hellmayri.jpg
In Magdalena, Colombia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Thamnophilidae
Genus: Drymophila
Species:
D. hellmayri
Binomial name
Drymophila hellmayri
Todd, 1915
Drymophila hellmayri map.svg

The Santa Marta antbird (Drymophila hellmayri) is a Near Threatened species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia. [2] [1]

Contents

Taxonomy and systematics

The Santa Marta antbird and two other antbird species were previously considered subspecies of what was then called the long-tailed antbird (D. caudata); the reduced D. caudata is now called the East Andean antbird. [3] [4] [5]

The Santa Marta antbird is monotypic. [2]

Description

The Santa Marta antbird is 14.5 to 15.5 cm (5.7 to 6.1 in) long. Adult males have a black crown and back with thin white streaks except in the center of the crown. Their rump is gray with a reddish tinge. Their flight feathers are black with buff edges and their wing coverts black with two white bars. Their tail is dusky olive with white tips to the feathers and dark band above them. Their face, throat, and breast are white with bold black streaks. Their flanks and crissum are bright rufous. Females have the same pattern but different colors than males. Their upperparts have cinnamon-buff rather than white streaks and their underparts are pale buff. [6] [7] [8]

Distribution and habitat

The Santa Marta antbird is found only in the foothills of northern Colombia's isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. It inhabits the understorey to mid-storey of evergreen forest and secondary forest. It favors dense undergrowth and bamboo thickets. In elevation it ranges mostly between 500 and 1,500 m (1,600 and 4,900 ft). [6]

Behavior

Movement

The Santa Marta antbird is believed to be a year-round resident throughout its range. [6]

Feeding

The Santa Marta antbird's diet is not known in detail; it is thought to feed primarily on insects and probably also on spiders. It typically forages in pairs or in family groups and does not join mixed-species feeding flocks. Nothing else is known about its foraging behavior. [6] [7]

Breeding

Nothing is known about the Santa Marta antbird's breeding biology. [6]

Vocalization

The Santa Marta antbird's song has two short introductory notes followed by two or more longer raspy notes such as "cheeyt-cheeyt, wheeyz-wheeyz-wheeyz". [6] [8]

Status

The IUCN has assessed the Santa Marta antbird as Near Threatened. It has a relatively small range and its estimated population of fewer than 9000 mature individuals is believed to be decreasing. "Forest within its altitudinal range is being cleared for coffee and illegal marijuana plantations. Remaining habitat is threatened by agricultural expansion, logging, burning and drought." [1] It does occur in one protected area, the private El Dorado Bird Reserve. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ash-throated antwren</span> Species of bird

The ash-throated antwren is a Vulnerable species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slaty antwren</span> Species of bird

The slaty antwren is a small passerine bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found from Mexico south through Central America, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">East Andean antbird</span> Species of bird

The East Andean antbird is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is found at high levels in humid highland forests, especially near bamboo, and is endemic to the western slope of the Eastern Andes and the Upper Magdalena Valley in Caquetá and Huila in Colombia. This 15 cm (5.9 in) bird is found at high elevations of about 1,500-2,500 m. It was formerly considered conspecific with the Klages's antbird, the Santa Marta antbird, and the streak-headed antbird and together called the long-tailed antbird.

<i>Drymophila</i> Genus of birds

Drymophila is a bird genus in the antbird family (Thamnophilidae). It is a relative of the typical antwrens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Striated antbird</span> Species of bird

The striated antbird is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ferruginous antbird</span> Species of bird

The ferruginous antbird is an insectivorous bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rufous-tailed antbird</span> Species of bird

The rufous-tailed antbird is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dusky-tailed antbird</span> Species of bird

The dusky-tailed antbird is an insectivorous bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ochre-rumped antbird</span> Species of bird

The ochre-rumped antbird is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scaled antbird</span> Species of bird

The scaled antbird is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spot-crowned antvireo</span> Species of bird

The spot-crowned antvireo is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Panama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Creamy-bellied antwren</span> Species of bird

The creamy-bellied antwren is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-throated antwren</span> Species of bird

The yellow-throated antwren is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salvadori's antwren</span> Species of bird

Salvadori's antwren is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-backed antshrike</span> Species of bird

The black-backed antshrike is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Streak-capped antwren</span> Species of bird

The streak-capped antwren is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black antshrike</span> Species of bird

The black antshrike is a species of insectivorous bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Colombia and Panama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slender-billed xenops</span> Species of bird

The slender-billed xenops is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Streak-headed antbird</span> Species of bird

The streak-headed antbird is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is found in humid highland forests, especially near bamboo, ranging through the Andes from Bolivia to Colombia. This 15 cm (6 in) bird is found at higher elevations. It was previously considered conspecific with the long-tailed antbird.

Long-tailed antbird has been split into the following species:

References

  1. 1 2 3 BirdLife International (2021). "Santa Marta Antbird Drymophila hellmayri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T103658673A182346605. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T103658673A182346605.en . Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  2. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2024). "Antbirds". IOC World Bird List. v 14.1. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  3. Isler, M. L., A. M. Cuervo, G. A. Bravo, & R. T. Brumfield. 2012. An integrative approach to species-level systematics reveals the depth of diversification in an Andean thamnophilid, the Long-tailed Antbird. Condor 114: 571–583
  4. South American Classification Committee (September 2012). "Proposal (542) to South American Classification Committee – Split Drymophila caudata into four species" . Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  5. South American Classification Committee (November 2012). "Proposal (567) to South American Classification Committee – Change English name of Drymophila caudata" . Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 del Hoyo, J., N. Collar, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Santa Marta Antbird (Drymophila hellmayri), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.samant2.01 retrieved June 19, 2024
  7. 1 2 McMullan, Miles; Donegan, Thomas M.; Quevedo, Alonso (2010). Field Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Bogotá: Fundación ProAves. p. 135. ISBN   978-0-9827615-0-2.
  8. 1 2 Ridgely, Robert S.; Greenfield, Paul J. (2001). The Birds of Ecuador: Field Guide. Vol. II. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. pp. 412–413. ISBN   978-0-8014-8721-7.