The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L.
Vernicia fordii is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to southern China, Myanmar, and northern Vietnam. It is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree growing to 20 m tall, with a spreading crown. The bark is smooth and thin, and bleeds latex if cut. The leaves are alternate, simple, 4.5–25 cm long and 3.5–22 cm broad, heart-shaped or with three shallow, maple-like lobes, green above and below, red conspicuous glands at the base of the leaf, and with a 5.5–26 cm long petiole. The flowers are 2.5–3.5 cm diameter, with five pale pink to purple petals with streaks of darker red or purple in the throat; it is monoecious with individual flowers either male or female, but produced together in the inflorescences. The flowers appear before or with the leaves in loose, terminal clusters. The fruit is a hard, woody pear-shaped berry 4–6 cm long and 3–5 cm diameter, containing four or five large, oily seeds; it is green initially, becoming dull brown when ripe in autumn.
The genus Scrophularia of the family Scrophulariaceae comprises about 200 species of herbaceous flowering plants commonly known as figworts. Species of Scrophularia all share square stems, opposite leaves and open two-lipped flowers forming clusters at the end of their stems. The genus is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere.
Scrophularia marilandica, also called late figwort, Maryland figwort, carpenter's square, or eastern figwort, is a flowering plant in the family Scrophulariaceae, native throughout eastern and central North America, where it is found growing in dry woods from Manitoba and Quebec south to Texas and Florida.
Rosa moyesii is a species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae. It is native to western China. Growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall by 3 m (10 ft) wide, it is a vigorous deciduous shrub, with plentiful matte green leaves and flat red or pink flowers, with yellow central stamens, in summer. These are followed in autumn by prominent bottle-shaped rose-hips.
Scrophularia nodosa is a perennial herbaceous plant found in temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere except western North America. It grows in moist and cultivated waste ground.
Scrophularia californica is a flowering plant in the figwort family which is known by the common names California figwort and California bee plant.
Malus prattii is a species of crabapple in the family Rosaceae. It is endemic to China. It is indigenous to Guangdong, Guizhou, west Sichuan, and northwest Yunnan provinces in China.
Scrophularia umbrosa, the green figwort, is a perennial herbaceous plant found in Europe and Asia. It grows in moist and cultivated waste ground.
Scrophularia lanceolata is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family known by the common names lanceleaf figwort and American figwort. It is native to North America, where it is known from western and eastern Canada and much of the United States except for the southeastern quadrant. Past common names include Western figwort when the western US plants were grouped under the name Scrophularia occidentalis and the eastern US plants were called Scrophularia leporella with the common name hare figwort.
Rosa willmottiae, Miss Willmott's rose or Willmott's rose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It grows at an altitude of 2,300–3,150 metres (7,550–10,330 ft) in dry valleys in western Sichuan, China. It forms an arching deciduous shrub 2–3 m high, and as much across. The branches are covered in many straight prickles. The pinnate leaves typically have 7 to 9 small bluish-green leaflets which emit a pleasant fragrance when bruised. It was introduced to western cultivation by Ernest Wilson in 1904 and was named after the collector and horticulturist Ellen Willmott. The flowers are small, lilac-pink, and are borne on short laterals all along the length of the branches in late spring/early summer. The hips are small, becoming orange-red and losing their tips when ripe.
Cornus controversa, syn. Swida controversa, is a species of flowering plant in the dogwood family Cornaceae. It is native to China, Korea, the Himalayas and Japan. It is a deciduous tree growing to 50 ft (15 m), with multiple tiered branches. Flat panicles of white flowers appear in summer, followed by globose black fruit. Ovate dark green leaves are glaucous underneath and turn red-purple in autumn. It is cultivated in gardens and parks in temperate regions.
Scrophularia auriculata, the shoreline figwort or water figwort, is a perennial plant of the genus Scrophularia in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is found commonly in Western Europe and North Africa, on the margins of rivers, ponds and similar damp places. It is an upright plant reaching 70 cm with blunt oval, crenate leaves in alternate pairs on the greenish–purple square stem, most leaves may have two small lobes at their base. The spikes of flowers are held stiffly on square stems which arise from the main stem in the angle of the leaf stalks. The square stems have a wing running down each corner. These wings are more obvious than on the closely related common figwort. The flowers are small, maroon-brownish and globular with two small lips above and below. The five sepals are green with a white margin, broader on the water figwort than the common figwort. The plant flowers from June to September after when the flowers produce small spherical to pear-shaped capsules containing a large number of seeds.
Rhododendron hancockii (滇南杜鹃) is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae. It is. native to Guangxi and Yunnan, China, where it grows at altitudes of 1,100–2,000 m (3,600–6,600 ft). It is a shrub or tree that grows to 2–7 m (6.6–23.0 ft) in height, with leathery leaves that are obovate or oblong-oblanceolate, 7–13 by 1.5–5 cm in size. The flowers are white with yellowish flecks.
Rhododendron concinnum (秀雅杜鹃) is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae. It is native to Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan in China, where it grows at altitudes of 2300–3000 meters. It is a shrub that grows to 1.5–3 m in height, with leaves that are oblong, elliptic, ovate, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 2.5–7.5 by 1.5–3.5 cm in size. Flowers are pale pink to deep purplish red.
Mazus gracilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Mazaceae. It is native to the Provinces of Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Zhejiang in China. It grows on lake shores, river banks, and other moist areas at elevations below 800 m.
Wikstroemia micrantha is a shrub in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is native to China, specifically Gansu, Guangdong, Guanxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan.
Lonicera hildebrandiana, the giant Burmese honeysuckle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to southeast Asia, in China, Thailand and Burma at elevations of 1000 to 2300 meters.
Scrophularia grandiflora is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae) endemic to Portugal.
Scrophularia canina, the dog figwort or French figwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Scrophulariaceae.
