North East England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes. It covers Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear, and the area of the former county of Cleveland in North Yorkshire. The region is home to three large conurbations: Teesside, Wearside, and Tyneside, the last of which is the largest of the three and the eighth most populous conurbation in the United Kingdom. There are three cities in the region: Newcastle upon Tyne, the largest, with a population of just under 280,000 but a metro area population of 809,000 Sunderland, also in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear; and Durham. Other significant towns include Barnard Castle, Berwick Upon Tweed, Darlington, Gateshead, Hartlepool, Hexham, Middlesbrough, South Shields, Stockton-on-Tees, Washington and Yarm.
The River Tees is a river in northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines, and flows eastwards for 85 miles (137 km) to reach the North Sea between Hartlepool and Redcar near Middlesbrough. The modern day history of the river has been tied with the industries on Teesside in its lower reaches, where it has provided the means of import and export of goods to and from the north east region. The need for water further downstream also meant that reservoirs were built in the extreme upper reaches, such as Cow Green.
The borough of Redcar & Cleveland is a unitary authority area in the North East of England within the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. The main settlements consists of Redcar, Saltburn-by-the-Sea, Guisborough, and small towns such as Brotton, Eston, Skelton and Loftus. It had a resident population of 135,200 in 2011.
Teesside is a conurbation around Middlesbrough on the River Tees in North East England which also includes Billingham, Redcar, Stockton-on-Tees and Thornaby. It is a centre for heavy industry, although the number of people employed in this type of work has declined. Traditional industries, primarily steelmaking and chemical manufacture, have been replaced to a large extent by high technology activities, science development and service sector roles.
Billingham is a town in County Durham, England, with a population of 35,165 according to the 2011 Census. The town is administered as part of the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. It was founded circa 650 by a group of Angles known as Billa's people, which is where the name Billingham is thought to have originated. In modern history, the chemical industry, and in particular the company ICI, has played an important role in the growth of Billingham. Today ICI no longer operates in Billingham, although other chemical companies are working in the area.
Seaton Carew is a seaside resort in County Durham, North East England, with a population of 6,018 (2017). It is situated on the North Sea coast on the edge of Hartlepool and the mouth of the River Tees. It is administered as part of the Borough of Hartlepool. The area is named after a Norman French family called Carou who owned lands in the area and settled there, while 'Seaton' means farmstead or settlement by the sea.
Teesport is a large sea port located in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, Northern England.
Hartlepool Submerged Forest is a 19.7 hectare geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England notified in 1988. The site is located to the south of Hartlepool Docks.
Briarcroft Pasture is a 1.76 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England notified in 2004.
Cowpen Marsh is a 116.8 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England notified in 1966. SSSIs are designated by Natural England, formally English Nature, which uses the 1974–1996 county system. This means there is no grouping of SSSIs by Stockton-on-Tees unitary authority, or County Durham which is the relevant ceremonial county. As such Cowpen Marsh is one of 18 SSSIs in the Cleveland area of search.
Hart Bog is a 1.79 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England notified in 1968.
Whitton Bridge Pasture is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in the unitary authority of Stockton-on-Tees, England. At 3.18 hectares (7.9 acres) it lies to the south of Whitton village and north west of Stockton-on-Tees. SSSIs are chosen by Natural England, and Whitton Bridge Pasture was designated in 2004 because of its biological interest. It is one of 18 SSSIs in the Cleveland area of search.
Seaton Dunes and Common is a 312.1 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Hartlepool, County Durham, England notified in 1966. Part of it is a Local Nature Reserve.
South Gare & Coatham Sands SSSI is a 381.2 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in North Yorkshire, England notified in 1971.
Tees and Hartlepool Foreshore and Wetlands SSSI is a 255.62-hectare (631.7-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in County Durham, England notified in 1997.
Plasma gasification is an extreme thermal process using plasma which converts organic matter into a syngas which is primarily made up of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A plasma torch powered by an electric arc is used to ionize gas and catalyze organic matter into syngas, with slag remaining as a byproduct. It is used commercially as a form of waste treatment and has been tested for the gasification of refuse-derived fuel, biomass, industrial waste, hazardous waste, and solid hydrocarbons, such as coal, oil sands, petcoke and oil shale.
The A178 is a road that runs from Hartlepool in County Durham to Middlesbrough in North Yorkshire, England.
The North East of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC) is an economic cluster created following the industrial cluster ideas and strategy of Michael Porter. This Process Industry Cluster has been created by the chemistry using industries based in North East England where more than 1,400 companies are based in the supply chain of the sector. The sector has over 35,000 direct employees and some 190,000 indirect employees in the northeast of England and together they represent over one third of the industrial economy of the region. Companies in the Cluster manufacture 50% of the UK's Petrochemicals and 35% of the UK's Pharmaceuticals and they significantly contribute towards making the region the only net exporting region of the UK. The region has over £13 billion of exports.
