Second Dimitrov Government

Last updated
Second Dimitrov Government
Flag of Bulgaria.svg
66th Cabinet of Bulgaria
1947–1949
Georgi Dimitrow.png
Date formed12 December 1947 (1947-12-12)
Date dissolved20 July 1949 (1949-07-20)
People and organisations
Chairman of the CM Georgi Dimitrov
No. of ministers19
Member parties OF (BKP & BZNS)
History
Election 27 October 1946
Outgoing election 18 December 1949
Predecessor Dimitrov I
Successor Kolarov I

The second government of Georgi Dimitrov was the sixty-sixth government of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, appointed by the Grand National Assembly on December 12, 1947. It governed the country until July 20, 1949, after which it was succeeded by the first and second governments of Vasil Kolarov. [1]

Contents

Politics

Domestic Policy

1947

On December 23, 1947, the VI Grand National Assembly passed the "Law on the Nationalization of Private Industrial and Mining Enterprises." The state took control of 1,997 larger and 4,027 smaller industrial enterprises. On December 27 of the same year, all private banks were nationalized. The following year, cooperative sugar factories and cooperative electro-mining enterprises, private saltworks, mills, oil presses, dryers, as well as ships with a tonnage over 40 tons, were transferred to the state sector. The cabinet encouraged peasants to join cooperative farms. Private policing was banned. The Law on the Redemption of Large Agricultural Inventory from Private Owners was enacted, and mandatory state deliveries were introduced. Cooperativization and the development of heavy industry were defined by the Fifth Congress of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1948) as the "general line for the development (Bulgaria)'s economy." By that time, only 4% of arable land was in Agricultural Cooperative Societies. [1]

1947–1949

The Social Democratic Party merged with the Bulgarian Communist Party (1948), while "Zveno" and the Radical Democratic Party self-dissolved (1949).

The cabinet began a comprehensive reform (Bulgaria)n education. In 1948, all foreign schools in Bulgaria were closed. A few months later, the National Assembly passed the "Law on Public Education," whose main goal was the "comprehensive physical and spiritual development of children in the spirit of socialism." Religious education was abolished. In higher education institutions, 20% of the places for newly enrolled students were reserved for the children of active fighters. The Bulgarian Academy of Sciences came under government control. A series of disciplines based on the dominant Marxist ideology were introduced in higher education. The activities of the partisan organizations "Chavdar," "Septemvriyche," and Komsomol expanded. From the end of 1948, the management of education was carried out through joint decrees of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party and the government, which was another stage in the implementation of the communists' overall tactic of merging party and state. The Grand National Assembly extended its mandate twice and continued to be the supreme organ of power. In February 1949, the "Law on People's Councils" was adopted, regulating, in a Soviet manner, the composition and powers of local authorities. [1]

Foreign Policy

In its foreign policy, the government continued the line started in 1944 of aligning with the USSR (Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance - March 18, 1948). The proposal for aid and investment from the USA (Marshall Plan) was rejected. Tensions between the USSR and Yugoslavia (which accepted American aid and sought to pursue an independent policy) led to the closure (Bulgaria)'s western border. The Eastern Bloc formed an economic organization, the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, in January 1949. [1]

Following the death of Prime Minister Georgi Dimitrov on July 2, 1949, a new cabinet was formed under Vasil Kolarov. [1]

Composition

The cabinet, headed by Georgi Dimitrov, was composed of political figures from the Fatherland Front.

Cabinet

The cabinet consisted of the following 22 ministers and one chairman: [1]

PortfolioMinisterTookofficeLeftofficeParty
Chairman of the Council of Ministers December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers,
Minister of Foreign Affairs
December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Deputy Prime Minister,
Electrification and Reclamation
December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Zveno
Deputy Prime Minister,
Agriculture and Forestry
December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Minister of Agriculture December 19, 1948July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Minister of Forestry December 19, 1948July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party
Deputy Prime Minister December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party
Chairman of the State Planning Commission December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Chairman of the State Control Commission December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Chairman of the Committee for Science, Art and Culture December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Internal Affairs December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Education December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Finance December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Justice December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Minister of National Defense December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Trade and Food December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Foreign Trade November 5, 1948July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Internal Trade November 5, 1948July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Construction and Roads December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Municipal Economy and Urban Planning December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Railways, Roads and Waterways December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Minister of Posts, Telegraphs and Telephones December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Industry and Crafts December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Communist Party
Minister of Mines and Underground Wealth December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  BZNS
January 5, 1948July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Minister of Public Health December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Zveno
Minister of Labor and Social Care December 12, 1947July 20, 1949  Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party

Changes in the Cabinet

from November 30, 1948

  • The Ministry of Trade and Food is divided into the Ministry of Internal Trade and the Ministry of Foreign Trade by Decree No. 1652 of .

from March 31, 1949

  • On December 6, 1948, a meeting was held in Moscow between Stalin and a Bulgarian party delegation, at which Stalin accused Traicho Kostov of concealing economic information from Soviet representatives in Bulgaria. On March 26-27, 1949, a plenum of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) was held, at which it was decided that Traicho Kostov should be removed from power. On March 31 of the same year, he was removed from the Politburo and from the post of Deputy Prime Minister [5] .

from July 20, 1949

  • On July 2, 1949, Prime Minister Georgi Dimitrov dies [6] . After consultations with Stalin, on July 15 of the same year, the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) decides that the People's Council of the National Front (VNS) should elect Vasil Kolarov as Prime Minister, but due to his illness, he should be provided with "absolute rest" for two months. On July 20 of the same year, Vasil Kolarov is elected Prime Minister, and as his deputies:

Events

1947

1948

1949

See also

Bibliography

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Titoism</span> Communist ideology

Titoism is a socialist political philosophy most closely associated with Josip Broz Tito and refers to the ideology and policies of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY) during the Cold War. It is characterized by a broad Yugoslav identity, socialist workers' self-management, a political separation from the Soviet Union, and leadership in the Non-Aligned Movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Georgi Dimitrov</span> Leader of Bulgaria from 1946 to 1949

Georgi Dimitrov Mihaylov also known as Georgiy Mihaylovich Dimitrov, was a Bulgarian communist politician who served as leader of the Bulgarian Communist Party from 1933 to 1949, and the first leader of the Communist People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 to 1949. From 1935 to 1943, he was the General Secretary of the Communist International.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kimon Georgiev</span> Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1934–35, 1944–46)

Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov was a Bulgarian general who was the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1934 to 1935 and again from 1944 to 1946. He was considered a "master in the art of coup d'etats."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Valko Chervenkov</span> Bulgarian communist politician, prime minister (1900-1980)

Valko Velyov Chervenkov was a Bulgarian communist politician. He served as leader of the Communist Party between 1949 and 1954, and Prime Minister between 1950 and 1956.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bulgarian Communist Party</span> Ruling party of Bulgaria from 1946 to 1990

The Bulgarian Communist Party was the founding and ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990, when the country ceased to be a socialist satellite state of the Soviet Union. The party had dominated the Fatherland Front, a coalition that took power in 1944, late in World War II, after it led a coup against Bulgaria's tsarist regime in conjunction with the Red Army's crossing of the border. It controlled its armed forces, the Bulgarian People's Army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vasil Kolarov</span> Bulgarian communist politician (1877–1950)

Vasil Petrov Kolarov was a Bulgarian communist political leader and leading functionary in the Communist International (Comintern).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">People's Republic of Bulgaria</span> Socialist republic in Eastern Europe (1946–1990)

The People's Republic of Bulgaria was the official name of Bulgaria when it was a socialist republic from 1946 to 1990, ruled by the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP) together with its coalition partner, the Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union. Bulgaria was closely allied and one of the most loyal satellite states of the Soviet Union during the Cold War, sometimes being called the 16th Soviet Republic rather than an independent country. Bulgaria was also part of Comecon as well as a member of the Warsaw Pact. The Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II deposed the Tsardom of Bulgaria administration in the Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944 which ended the country's alliance with the Axis powers and led to the People's Republic in 1946.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Balkan Federation</span> Proposed country

In late 19th and throughout the 20th century, the establishment of a Balkan Federation had been a recurrent suggestion of various political factions in the Balkans. The concept of a Balkan federation emerged in the late 19th century among left-wing political forces in the region. The central aim was to establish a new political unity: a common federal republic unifying the Balkan Peninsula on the basis of internationalism, socialism, social solidarity, and economic equality. The underlying vision was that, despite differences among the region's ethnic groups, the historical need for emancipation was a common basis for unification.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bulgarian Agrarian National Union</span> Agrarian political party in Bulgaria

The Bulgarian Agrarian National Union, is a political party devoted to representing the causes of the Bulgarian peasantry. It was an agrarian movement and was most powerful between 1900 and 1923. Unlike the socialist movements of the early 20th century, it was devoted to questions concerning agriculture and farmers, rather than industry and factory workers. The BZNS, one of the first and most powerful of the agrarian parties in Eastern Europe, dominated Bulgarian politics during the beginning of the 20th century. It is also the only agrarian party in Europe that ever came to power with a majority government, rather than merely as part of a coalition. It is a founding member of the former International Agrarian Bureau.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anton Yugov</span> Bulgarian politician

Anton Tanev (Dontcho) Yugov was a Bulgarian politician who was a leading member of the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP), and served as Prime Minister of the country from 1956 to 1962. He was an Honorary Citizen of Tirana, Albania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Georgi Dimitrov Mausoleum</span> Former tomb in Sofia, Bulgaria

The Georgi Dimitrov Mausoleum was a ceremonial tomb on Prince Alexander of Battenberg Square in Sofia, Bulgaria.

<i>Velikite Balgari</i> Bulgarian television show

Velikite Balgari is a Bulgarian spin-off of the 2002 BBC television program 100 Greatest Britons. Aired on the Bulgarian National Television's Kanal 1, its first stage began on 9 June 2006 and finished on 10 December, with a show on 23 December announcing the names of the Top 100 as chosen by popular vote. The Top 10 were announced in alphabetical order. In the second stage, which lasted until 17 February 2007, the viewers determined the order in the Top 10. Documentaries dedicated to every Top 10 personality were aired during the second stage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">September Uprising</span> 1923 communist insurgency in Bulgaria

The September Uprising, also called the September Riots, was a 1923 communist insurgency in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP) attempted to overthrow Alexandar Tsankov's new government established following the coup d'état of 9 June.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Traicho Kostov</span> Bulgarian politician (1897–1949)

Traycho Kostov Dzhunev was a Bulgarian politician, the leading figure of the Bulgarian Communist Party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ivan Kostov</span> Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 1997 to 2001

Ivan Yordanov Kostov is a Bulgarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 1997 to 2001. A member of the SDS party, which he led from 1994 to 2001, he was previously Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1992. Following his premiership, Kostov founded a new political party, the DSB, and served as Member of the National Assembly from 2001 to 2013.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kostov Government</span>

The eighty-seventh cabinet of Bulgaria ruled from May 21, 1997 to July 24, 2001. The government was formed by the United Democratic Forces, an electoral alliance led by the Union of Democratic Forces, after they won a landslide victory in the 1997 parliamentary election winning 49.15% of the votes and 137 seats in the National Assembly. The cabinet was chaired by the UDF leader Ivan Kostov who shared the cabinet posts between his party and his allies. This was the largest margin of victory since the end of communism in 1990, to this day. Kostov's government was the first since 1990 to serve its entire four-year mandate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dobri Terpeshev</span>

Dobri Kolev Terpeshev was a Bulgarian Communist politician, resistance fighter and later a statesman in the People's Republic of Bulgaria.

The 1940s in the Kingdom of Bulgaria and the People's Republic of Bulgaria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Dimitrov Government</span> Government of Bulgaria

The First Dimitrov Government was the sixty-fifth government of Bulgaria, elected by the 6th Great National Assembly of November 23, 1946. The government lasted until December 11, 1947, after which the second government of Georgi Dimitrov was elected. The cabinet, headed by Georgi Dimitrov, was composed of political figures of the Fatherland Front (Bulgaria), namely those from Political Circle "Zveno", Bulgarian Communist Party, BRSDP, Bulgarian Agrarian National Union and non-partisans.

Georgi Chankov Ivanov was a Bulgarian communist politician who held a number of key positions in the Bulgarian People's Republic including deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers. Prior to the establishment of the communist regime in Bulgaria, he participated as a partisan in the communist resistance movement during the Second World War and as a political commissar of the so-called People's Liberation Insurgent Army and a member of the Second Sofia People's Liberation Brigade.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Цураков, Ангел (2008). Енциклопедия на правителствата, народните събрания и атентатите в България (in Bulgarian). София: Изд. на „Труд“. pp. 245–252. ISBN 954-528-790-X.
  2. "ГЕОРГИ ДИМИТРОВ | Politburo". politburo.archives.bg. Retrieved 2023-11-20.
  3. "ТРАЙЧО КОСТОВ | Politburo". politburo.archives.bg. Retrieved 2023-11-20.
  4. "Ministry of Finance :: Ivan Stefanov". www.minfin.bg. Retrieved 2024-06-01.
  5. [http://archives.bg/politburo/bg/2013-04-24-11-09-24/1944-1949/2720--iv-11-12-1949- Protocol of the IV Expanded Plenum of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party, held on June 11-12, 1949, with decisions taken to: remove Traicho Kostov from the Central Committee and expel him from the party after a reconsideration of the charges against him; conclusions and assessments after the elections for people's councils and judicial panels on May 15, 1949, with decisions taken for substantial changes in the economic policy of the countryside, pp. 2-81.
  6. On July 2, 1949, the "Leader" of the Bulgarians dies, in the Barvikha sanatorium near Moscow, where he has been undergoing treatment for 4 months.
Government offices
Preceded by Governments of Bulgaria Succeeded by