Sharps Formation | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: Paleogene | |
Type | Geological formation |
Sub-units | Rockyford Member [1] |
Underlies | Monroe Creek Formation [1] |
Overlies | Brule Formation [1] |
Location | |
Region | ![]() |
Country | ![]() |
The Sharps Formation is a geologic formation in South Dakota. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene. [1]
The Sharps Formation is the namesake of the community of Sharps Corner, South Dakota. [2]
Color key
| Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
Carnivorans reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Archaeocyon | A. leptodus | Shannon & Jackson counties, South Dakota. [3] | Middle & upper part of the formation. [3] | Skull elements. [3] | A borophagine dog. | |
A. pavidus | Southeast corner of Sheep Mountain, Shannon County, South Dakota. [3] | Lower part of the formation. [3] | 2 partial skeletons. [3] | A borophagine dog. | ||
Cormocyon | C. haydeni | Wounded Knee area, Shannon County, South Dakota. [3] | Upper part of the formation. [3] | Left maxillary (F:AM 49436). [3] | A borophagine dog. | |
Cynarctoides | C. lemur | Shannon County, South Dakota. [3] | Lower & upper parts of the formation. [3] | Jaw elements. [3] | A borophagine dog also known from the John Day, Brule & Browns Park formations. | ![]() |
C. roii | Wounded Knee Area, Shannon County, South Dakota. [1] [3] | Upper part of the formation. [3] | Skull elements. [1] [3] | A borophagine dog also known from the lower Arikaree Group | ||
Cynodesmus | C. cooki | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Mandibles. [1] | Reassigned to the genus Otarocyon . [3] | ||
Ekgmoiteptecela | E. olsontau | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Rockyford Member. [1] | Right ramus (SDSM 54247). [1] | Junior synonym of Hoplophoneus cerebralis. [4] | |
Enhydrocyon | E. crassidens | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Crania. [1] | A hesperocyonine dog also known from the Harrison Formation. | ![]() | |
E. pahinsintewakpa | Wounded Knee Area. [1] [5] | Near the top of the formation. [5] | Right mandible. [1] [5] | A hesperocyonine dog. | ![]() | |
Hesperocyon | H. leptodus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | Reassigned to the genus Archaeocyon . [3] | ||
Hoplophoneus | H. cerebralis | Wounded Knee Area, South Dakota. [1] [4] | Rockyford Member. [1] | Right ramus (SDSM 54247). [1] | A nimravid. | ![]() |
Leptocyon | L. douglassi | Wounded Knee Area. [6] | Maxillary fragments. [6] | A canine dog also known from the Toston & John Day formations. | ![]() | |
Mesocyon | M. robustus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Mandibles. [1] | A hesperocyonine dog. | ||
"M." temnodon | Shannon County, South Dakota. [5] | Basal part and near the top of the formation. [5] | Rami. [5] | A hesperocyonine dog. | ||
Nothocyon | N. geismarianus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements. [1] | An arctoid formerly thought to be a canid, also known from the Monroe Creek Formation. | ||
N. lemur | Wounded Knee Area. [1] [3] | Jaw elements. [1] [3] | Reassigned to Cynarctoides . | |||
N. roii | Wounded Knee Area. [1] [3] | Skull elements. [1] [3] | Reassigned to Cynarctoides . | |||
Otarocyon | O. cooki | Wounded Knee Area, Shannon County, South Dakota. [3] | Upper part of the formation. [3] | Partial rami. [3] | A small borophagine dog also known from the lower Arikaree Group. | ![]() |
Palaeogale | P. dorothiae | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Fragment of right mandible (SDSM 53326). [1] | A palaeogalid. | ![]() | |
Paradaphoenus | P. tooheyi | South Dakota. [7] | Maxilla (LACM 21649). [7] | A bear-dog. | ||
Philotrox | P. condoni | Wounded Knee area, Shannon County & Quiver Hill localities, Washabaugh County. [5] | Middle member. [5] | Skull and jaw remains. [5] | A hesperocyonine dog also found in the John Day Formation. | ![]() |
Sunkahetanka | S. geringensis | Wounded Knee Area, Shannon & Jackson counties. [1] [5] | Middle member. [5] | Jaw elements. [1] [5] | A hesperocyonine dog also known from the topmost part of the Brule Formation. | ![]() |
S. pahinsintewakpa | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Right mandible. [1] | Reassigned to Enhydrocyon . | |||
Eulipotyphlans reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Arctoryctes | A. terrenus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Humeri. [1] | A proscalopid also found in the Rosebud Formation. | ||
Domnina | D. dakotensis | Wounded Knee Area. [8] | Mandible. [8] | A shrew. | ||
D. greeni | Wounded Knee Area. [1] [8] | Fragment of left mandible (SDSM 5895). [1] | A shrew. | |||
Domninoides | D. evelynae | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Mandibles. [1] | Species reassigned to Proscalops . [8] | ||
Ocajila | O. makpiyahe | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Fragment of left mandible (SDSM 56105) & LACM 9491. [1] [8] | A gymnure. | ||
Palaeoscalopus | P. pineridgensis | Wounded Knee Area. [8] | 2 dentaries. [8] | Junior synonym of Quadrodens wilsoni. [8] | ||
Proscalops | P. evelynae | Wounded Knee Area. [8] | A proscalopid. | |||
Quadrodens | Q. wilsoni | Wounded Knee Area. [8] | Dentaries. [8] | A talpid mole. | ||
Talpidae | Genus indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Fragments of 2 upper molars (SDSM 5898). [1] | A talpid mole. | ||
Trimylus | T. sp. | Wounded Knee Area. [8] | A dentary fragment (LACM 9380) formerly assigned to Ocajila . [8] | A shrew. |
Lagomorphs reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Megalagus | M. primitivus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Mandibles. [1] | A leporid. | ||
?Palaeolaginae | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Fragment of left mandible (SDSM 5542). [1] | A leporid. | |||
Palaeolagus | P. hypsodus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull & jaw elements. [1] | A leporid. | ||
P. philoi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements. [1] | A leporid. | |||
Metatherians reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Herpetotherium | H. youngi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements & teeth. [1] | A herpetotheriid originally reported as Peratherium spindleri. [9] | ||
Peratherium | P. spindleri | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements & teeth. [1] | Junior synonym of Herpetotherium youngi. [9] | ||
Primates reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Ekgmowechashala | E. philotau | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements. [1] | An adapiform. | ||
Rodents reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Capacikala | C. gradatus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | A castorid also known from the John Day Formation. | ||
Capatanka | C. cankpeopi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | A castorid. | ||
Eumys | E. blacki | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Right ramus (SDSM 5574). [1] | A cricetid. | ||
E. woodi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements. [1] | A cricetid. | |||
Florentiamys | F. agnewi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Fragment of left ramus (SDSM 55120). [1] | A florentiamyid. | ||
Grangerimus | G. dakotensis | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Crania. [1] | A geomyid. | ||
Heliscomys | H. species indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | 4 isolated molars (SDSM 54365). [1] | A heliscomyid. | ||
Hitonkala | H. andersontau | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | A heteromyid. | ||
Meniscomys | M. hippodus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Left ramus (SDSM 56113). [1] | An aplodontid. | ||
Palaeocastor | P. nebrascensis | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Numerous skull elements. [1] | A castorid. | ||
Pleurolicus | P. clasoni | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Fragment of right ramus (SDSM 54388). [1] | A geomyid. | ||
P. leptophrys | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Right ramus (SDSM 53380). [1] | A geomyid also known from the Rosebud Formation. | |||
Proheteromys | P. bumpi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements & teeth. [1] | A heteromyid. | ||
P. fedti | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Right ramus (SDSM 56121). [1] | A heteromyid. | |||
P. gremmelsi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Left ramus (SDSM 5574). [1] | A heteromyid. | |||
Prosciurus | P. dawsonae | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Rami. [1] | An ischyromyid. | ||
?P. dawsonae | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Maxillary fragment (SDSM 5598). [1] | An ischyromyid. | |||
Scottimus | S. sp. indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | 2 isolated upper molars (SDSM 58101). [1] | A cricetid. | ||
Tamias | Species indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | 9 isolated cheek teeth (SDSM 58100). [1] | A chipmunk. | ||
Ungulates reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Agriochoerus | A. sp. indet. | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Maxillary fragments & lower jaws (SDSM 54161). [1] | A tylopod. | ![]() | |
Arretotherium | A. sp. indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Isolated molars. [1] | An anthracothere. | ||
Cyclopidius | C. schucherti | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | |||
C. simus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | ||||
Daeodon | D. sp. | Cedar Pass, Badlands National Monument, South Dakota. [10] | Anterior portion of a skull (SDSM 675). [10] | An entelodont, originally reported as Dinohyus . | ![]() | |
Desmatochoerus | D. hatcheri geringensis | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | 2 specimens. [1] | An oreodont. | ||
D. (Paradesmatochoerus) wyomingensis | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Partial cranium. [1] | An oreodont. | |||
Diceratherium | D. armatum | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Middle & very top of the formation. [1] | Skull & tooth. [1] | A rhinoceros. | |
D. gregorii | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | A rhinoceros. | |||
D. cf. gregorii | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements. [1] | A rhinoceros. | |||
Dinohyus | D. sp. | Cedar Pass, Badlands National Monument, South Dakota. [10] | Anterior portion of a skull (SDSM 675). [10] | Junior synonym of Daeodon . | ![]() | |
Hyracodon | H. apertus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Lower part of the formation. [1] | Partial skull (SDSM 54141). [1] | A hyracodontid. | ![]() |
? H. sp. indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Rockyford Member. [1] | Partial mandible (SDSM 54183). [1] | A hyracodontid. | ![]() | |
Leptochoerus | L. sp. indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Fragment of ramus (SDSM 56101). [1] | A leptochoerid. | ||
Leptomeryx | L. sp. indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Ramus fragments. [1] | A leptomerycine. | ||
Mesoreodon | M. megalodon cf. sweeti | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Partial cranium (SDSM 54220). [1] | An oreodont. | ||
Miohippus | M. equiceps | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | An equid. | ||
M. near equinanus | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw elements. [1] | An equid. | |||
Nanotragulus | N. intermedius | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Spread throughout the greater portion of the formation. [1] | Numerous jaw elements. [1] | A hypertragulid. | |
N. cf. loomisi | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Mandibular & maxillary fragments. [1] | A hypertragulid. | |||
Oxydactylus | O. cf. wyomingensis | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Skull elements. [1] | A camelid. | ![]() | |
?O. sp. indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Mandible fragments of adults. [1] | A camelid. | ![]() | ||
Squamates reported from the Sharps Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Amphisbaenidae | Genus indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | 2 jaw fragments (SDSM 5897). [1] | A worm lizard. | ||
Anguidae | Genus indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | 30 jaw fragments (SDSM 5896). [1] | An anguid lizard. | ||
Iguanidae | Genus indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | 11 jaw fragments (SDSM 5829). [1] | An iguanid lizard. | ||
Macrorhineura | M. skinneri | Wounded Knee, Shannon County, South Dakota. [11] | Anterior portion of skull (LACM 9249). [11] | A worm lizard. | ![]() | |
Peltosaurus | P. granulosus | Sharps Corner, South Dakota. [12] | Upper part of the formation. [12] | Multiple specimens. [12] | A glyptosaurine lizard also known from the Monroe Creek Formation. | |
?P. sp. indeterminate | Wounded Knee Area. [1] | Jaw fragment (SDSM 5578). [1] | A glyptosaurine lizard. | |||
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