Sindolus

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Sindolus
Sindolus.jpg
Dorsal view of Sindolus optatus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Hydrophilidae
Subfamily: Acidocerinae
Genus: Sindolus
Sharp, 1882
Diversity
8 species

Sindolus is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetles in the family Hydrophilidae represented by eight described species, ranging from Mexico to Argentina, and including one species recorded from Antigua in the Lesser Antilles. [1]

Contents

Taxonomy

The genus Sindolus belongs in the subfamily Acidocerinae. It was first described by David Sharp in 1882 to accommodate two Central American species. [2] Since 1919 Sindolus was considered a subgenus of the genus Helochares by d’Orchymont [3] and stayed in that category until a molecular-based phylogenetic analysis [4] supported its restitution at the category of genus.

Description

Small to sized beetles (2.5–5.0 mm), smooth and shiny dorsally, moderately to strongly convex in lateral view; yellowish, orange-brown, to brown in coloration, with long maxillary palps. The most distinctive characteristic of Sindolus is the presence of a sharp and strongly elevated (laminar) longitudinal carina on the mesoventrite. A complete diagnosis was presented by Girón and Short. [1]

Habitat

Some species of Sindolus have been collected in stagnant waters at low elevations in dry areas. [1]

Species

  1. Sindolus femoratus(Brullé, 1841): Argentina, Brazil (Bahia, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul), Colombia [in doubt], French Guiana [in doubt], Antigua. [5]
  2. Sindolus mesostitialis(Fernández, 1981): Argentina, Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) [6]
  3. Sindolus mini(Fernández, 1982): Argentina, Paraguay [7]
  4. Sindolus mundusSharp, 1882: Costa Rica, Mexico, Nicaragua [2]
  5. Sindolus optatusSharp, 1882: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico [2]
  6. Sindolus spatulatus(Fernández, 1981): Argentina, Paraguay [6]
  7. Sindolus talarum(Fernández, 1983): Argentina [8]
  8. Sindolus ventricosus(Bruch, 1915): Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Pernambuco), Paraguay, Uruguay. [9]

Related Research Articles

<i>Helochares</i> Genus of beetles

Helochares is a genus of water scavenger beetles in the family Hydrophilidae, represented by 161 described species. It is distributed across the Afrotropical, Australasian, Indo-Malayan, Nearctic, and Palearctic realms.

<i>Helobata</i> Genus of beetles

Helobata is a mostly Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae. It contains 13 described species, one of which is broadly distributed, reaching North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acidocerinae</span> Subfamily of beetles

Acidocerinae is a subfamily in the family Hydrophilidae of aquatic beetles, and it contains over 500 species in 23 genera.

<i>Chasmogenus</i> Genus of beetles

Chasmogenus is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetles belonging to the family Hydrophilidae.

<i>Acidocerus</i> Genus of beetles

Acidocerus aphodioides is a species of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae. It is the only species in the genus Acidocerus. It is known only from Mozambique.

<i>Crephelochares abnormalis</i> Species of beetle

Crephelochares abnormalis, is a species of water scavenger beetle found in Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Ryukyu Islands and Indonesia: Borneo, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra.

<i>Agraphydrus</i> Genus of beetles

Agraphydrus is a genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by 205 described species. It is distributed across the Afrotropical, Australasian, and Indomalayan realms.

<i>Batochares</i> Genus of beetles

Batochares is an Afrotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by three described species.

<i>Colossochares</i> Genus of beetles

Colossochares is an Afrotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by two described species.

<i>Crephelochares</i> Genus of beetles

Crephelochares is a genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by 29 described species. It is distributed across the Afrotropical, Australasian, Indo-Malayan, and Palaearctic realms.

<i>Crucisternum</i> Genus of beetles

Crucisternum is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by seven described species known from the Guiana Shield Region.

<i>Ephydrolithus</i> Genus of beetles

Ephydrolithus is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by five described species known from Brazil.

<i>Globulosis</i> Genus of beetles

Globulosis is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by two described species known from the Guiana Shield Region.

<i>Helopeltarium</i> Genus of beetles

Helopeltarium is a genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by only one species. It is known only from Myanmar.

<i>Katasophistes</i> Genus of beetles

Katasophistes is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by four described species known from the Guiana Shield Region.

<i>Nanosaphes</i> Genus of beetles

Nanosaphes is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by seven described species known from the Guiana Shield Region.

<i>Novochares</i> Genus of beetles

Novochares is a primarily Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetles in the family Hydrophilidae represented by 15 described species, one of which is thought to be introduced in Florida in the United States of America.

<i>Peltochares</i> Genus of beetles

Peltochares is a genus of water scavenger beetles in the family Hydrophilidae represented by eight described species. It is distributed across the Afrotropical, Australasian, Indo-Malayan, and Palaearctic realms.

<i>Quadriops</i> Genus of beetles

Quadriops is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae represented by six described species.

<i>Tobochares</i> Genus of beetles

Tobochares is a Neotropical genus of water scavenger beetles in the family Hydrophilidae represented by 24 described species known from the Guiana Shield Region.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Girón, Jennifer C.; Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2021-06-18). "The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species". ZooKeys (1045): 1–236. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810 . ISSN   1313-2970. PMC   8233300 . PMID   34228772.
  2. 1 2 3 Sharp, D. (1882). Fam. Hydrophilidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera. Volume 1. Part 2. pp. 53–80.
  3. ↑ d’Orchymont, A. (1919). "Contribution à l'étude des sous-familles des Sphaeridiinae et des Hydrophilinae (Col. Hydrophilidae)". Annales de la Société entomologique de France. 88 (1–2): 105–168.
  4. ↑ Short, Andrew Edward Z.; Girón, Jennifer C.; Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A. (2021). "Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America". Systematic Entomology. 46 (2): 380–395. doi:10.1111/syen.12467. ISSN   1365-3113. S2CID   232264478.
  5. ↑ Brullé, A. (1841). Famille des Hydrophiliens. In: d'Orbigny A. Voyage dans l'Amérique méridionale, tome sexiéme, 2e partie, Insectes. Paris, France: P. Bertrand. pp. 52–59.
  6. 1 2 Fernández, L. A. (1981). "Dos especies nuevas del género Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)". Limnobios. 2: 189–192.
  7. ↑ Fernández, L. A. (1982). "Cinco especies nuevas del género Helochares (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)". Physis (Buenos Aires), Secc. B. 40: 85–90.
  8. ↑ Fernández, L. A. (1983). "Helochares (Sindolus) talarum sp. nov., y redescripción de Helochares (Helochares) pallipes (Brullé), con descripción de los estados preimaginales". Limnobios. 2: 439–449.
  9. ↑ Bruch, Carlos (1915). "Nuevas especies de coleópteros hidrofílidos". Revista del Museo de La Plata. 19 (2): 447–470. ISSN   2545-6377.
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