Sophoreae

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Sophoreae
Kowhai flowers.jpg
Sophora tetraptera
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Clade: Meso-Papilionoideae
Clade: Genistoids
Clade: Core Genistoids
Tribe: Sophoreae
(Spreng. ex DC. 1825) Cardoso et al. 2013 [1] [2]
Genera

See text

Synonyms [2]
  • Euchresteae (Nakai) H.Ohashi 1973
  • Sophora group sensu Polhill 1994
  • Sophoreae sensu stricto
  • Sophoreae sensu Polhill 1981pro parte 7
  • Thermopsideae Yakovlev 1972

The tribe Sophoreae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae. Traditionally this tribe has been used as a wastebasket taxon to accommodate genera of Faboideae which exhibit actinomorphic, rather than zygomorphic floral symmetry and/or incompletely differentiated petals and free stamens. [2] [3] [4] Various morphological [5] [6] [7] [8] and molecular [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] analyses indicated that Sophoreae as traditionally circumscribed was polyphyletic. [14] This led to a re-circumscription of Sophoreae, which resulted in the transfer of many genera to other tribes (Amburaneae, Angylocalyceae, Baphieae, Camoensieae, the Cladrastis clade, Exostyleae, Leptolobieae, Ormosieae, Podalyrieae, and the Vataireoids). [2] This also necessitated the inclusion of two former tribes, Euchresteae and Thermopsideae, in the new definition of Sophoreae. [2] [15] [16] [17] [18] Tribe Sophoreae, as currently circumscribed, consistently forms a monophyletic clade in molecular phylogenetic analyses. [2] [12] [17] [19] [20] [21] [22] The Sophoreae arose 40.8 ± 2.4 million years ago (in the Eocene). [8] [23]

Contents

Description of morphological synapomorphies has yet to be undertaken, but members of this tribe can be distinguished by the relatively simple flowers, unspecialized pinnate leaves, accumulation of quinolizidine alkaloids, [24] and the presence of free stamens. [2] The tribe does have a node-based definition: the crown clade originating from the most recent common ancestor of Bolusanthus speciosus (Bolus) Harms and Sophora davidii (Franch.) Pavol.. [23]

Genera

Sophoreae comprises the following genera: [2]

Notes

  1. ↑ Often included in Sophora , rather than treated as a segregate genus.

References

  1. ↑ Wojciechowski MF (2013). "Towards a new classification of Leguminosae: Naming clades using non-Linnaean phylogenetic nomenclature". S Afr J Bot . 89: 85–93. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.06.017 .
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk B-E, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S Afr J Bot . 89: 58–75. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001 . hdl: 10566/3193 .
  3. ↑ Polhill RM (1981). "Sophoreae". In Polhill RM, Raven PH (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Parts 1 and 2. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 213–230. ISBN   9780855212247. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  4. ↑ Polhill RM (1994). "Classification of the Leguminosae". In Bisby FA, Buckingham J, Harborne JB (eds.). Phytochemical Dictionary of the Leguminosae, Plants and Their Constituents, Volume 1. Chapman and Hall/CRC Press, London. pp. xxv–xlvii. ISBN   9780412397707.
  5. ↑ Chappill JA (1995). "Cladistic analysis of the Leguminosae: the development of an explicit hypothesis". In Crisp MD, Doyle JJ (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 7: Phylogeny. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 1–9. ISBN   978-0947643799. Archived from the original on 2014-01-17. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  6. ↑ Herendeen PS (1995). "Phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Swartzieae". In Crisp MD, Doyle JJ (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 7: Phylogeny. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 123–132. ISBN   978-0947643799. Archived from the original on 2014-01-17. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  7. ↑ Ferguson IK, Schrire BD, Shepperton R (1994). "Pollen morphology of the tribe Sophoreae and relationships between subfamilies Caesalpinioideae and Papilionoideae". In Ferguson IK, Tucker SC (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 6: Structural Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 53–96. ISBN   978-0947643782.
  8. 1 2 Crepet WL, Herendeen PS (1992). "Papilionoid flowers from the early Eocene of southeastern North America". In Herendeen PS, Dilcher DL (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 4: The Fossil Record. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 43–55. ISBN   978-0947643409. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  9. ↑ Käss E, Wink M (1996). "Molecular evolution of the Leguminosae: Phylogeny of the three subfamilies based on rbcL-sequences". Biochem Syst Ecol . 24 (5): 365–378. Bibcode:1996BioSE..24..365K. doi:10.1016/0305-1978(96)00032-4.
  10. ↑ Doyle JJ, Doyle JL, Ballenger JA, Palmer JD (1996). "The distribution and phylogenetic significance of a 50-Kb chloroplast DNA inversion in the flowering plant family Leguminosae". Mol Phylogenet Evol . 5 (2): 429–438. Bibcode:1996MolPE...5..429D. doi: 10.1006/mpev.1996.0038 . PMID   8728401.
  11. ↑ Doyle JJ, Doyle JL, Ballenger JA, Dickson EE, Kajita T, Ohashi H (1997). "A phylogeny of the chloroplast gene rbcL in the Leguminosae: taxonomic correlations and insights into the evolution of nodulation". Am J Bot . 84 (4): 541–554. doi: 10.2307/2446030 . JSTOR   2446030. PMID   21708606.
  12. 1 2 Pennington RT, Lavin M, Ireland H, Klitgaard B, Preston J, Hu JM (2001). "Phylogenetic relationships of basal papilionoid legumes based upon sequences of the chloroplast trnL intron". Syst Bot . 55 (5): 818–836. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.537 (inactive 12 July 2025). JSTOR   3093980.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  13. ↑ Pennington RT, Klitgaard BB, Ireland H, Lavin M (2000). "New insights into floral evolution of basal Papilionoideae from molecular phylogenies". In Herendeen PS, Bruneau A (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 233–248. ISBN   978-1842460177. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  14. ↑ Pennington RT, Stirton CH, Schrire BD (2005). "Tribe Sophoreae". In Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (eds.). Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 227–249. ISBN   978-1900347808. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  15. ↑ Lock JM (2005). "Tribe Thermopsideae". In Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (eds.). Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 263–265. ISBN   978-1900347808. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  16. ↑ Ohashi H. (2005). "Tribe Euchresteae". In Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (eds.). Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 260–261. ISBN   978-1900347808. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  17. 1 2 LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] (2013). "Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades" (PDF). Taxon . 62 (2): 217–248. doi:10.12705/622.8. hdl:10566/3455.
  18. ↑ Wang HC, Sun H, Compton JA, Yang JB (2006). "A phylogeny of Thermopsideae (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences". Bot J Linn Soc . 151 (3): 365–373. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00512.x .
  19. ↑ Hu JM, Lavin M, Wojciechowski MF, Sanderson MJ (2002). "Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal ITS/5.85 sequences in the tribe Millettieae (Fabaceae): Poecilanthe–Cyclolobium, the core Millettieae, and the Callerya group". Syst Bot . 27 (4): 722–733. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-27.4.722 (inactive 12 July 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  20. ↑ Cardoso D, de Queiroz LP, Pennington RT, de Lima HC, Fonty É, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M (2012). "Revisiting the phylogeny of papilionoid legumes: new insights from comprehensively sampled early-branching lineages". Am J Bot . 99 (12): 1991–2013. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200380. PMID   23221500.
  21. ↑ Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ (2004). "A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family". Am J Bot . 91 (11): 1846–1862. doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846 . PMID   21652332.
  22. ↑ Kajita T, Ohashi H, Takeishi Y, Bailey CD, Doyle JJ (2001). "RbcL and legume phylogeny, with particular reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and allies". Syst Bot . 26 (3): 515–536. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.515 (inactive 12 July 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  23. 1 2 Lavin M, Herendeen PS, Wojciechowski MF (2005). "Evolutionary rates analysis of Leguminosae implicates a rapid diversification of lineages during the tertiary". Syst Biol . 54 (4): 575–94. doi: 10.1080/10635150590947131 . PMID   16085576.
  24. ↑ Wink M, Mohamed GI (2003). "Evolution of chemical defense traits in the Leguminosae: mapping of distribution patterns of secondary metabolites on a molecular phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequences of the rbcL gene". Biochem Syst Ecol . 31 (8): 897–917. Bibcode:2003BioSE..31..897W. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00085-1.
  25. ↑ Edwards D, Hawkins JA (2007). "Are Cape floral clades the same age? Contemporaneous origins of two lineages in the genistoids s.l. (Fabaceae)". Mol Phylogenet Evol . 45 (3): 952–70. Bibcode:2007MolPE..45..952E. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.09.014. PMID   17980626.
  26. ↑ Uysal T, Ertuğrul K, Bozkurt M (2014). "A new genus segregated from Thermopsis (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae): Vuralia". Plant Systematics and Evolution . 300 (7): 1627–1637. Bibcode:2014PSyEv.300.1627U. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-0988-x. S2CID   15019593.
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