Spisula

Spisula
One valve of Spisula adamsi (specimen at MNHN, Paris)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Venerida
Superfamily:	Mactroidea
Family:	Mactridae
Subfamily:	Mactrinae
Genus:	Spisula Gray, 1837
Type species
Cardium solidumLinnaeus, 1758
Species
See text.
Synonyms
HemimactraSwainson, 1840 NotospisulaIredale, 1930 Spisula (Hemimactra)Swainson, 1840 alternate representation Spisula (Notospisula)Iredale, 1930 † Spisula (Ruellia)Cossmann, 1913 · alternate representation Spisula (Spisula)Gray, 1837 · alternate representation Spisula (Spisulona)Marwick, 1948 · alternate representation SpisulinaP. Fischer, 1887 † SpisulonaMarwick, 1948

Spisula is a genus of medium-sized to large marine bivalve mollusks or clams in the subfamily Mactrinae of the family Mactridae, commonly known as surf clams or trough shells. ^[1]

Species

Species in the genus Spisula include:

• Spisula adamsi Olsson, 1961
• Spisula austini Lamprell & Whitehead, 1990
• † Spisula bernayi (Cossmann, 1886)
• † Spisula brombachensis S. Schneider & Mandic, 2014
• † Spisula couttsi Marwick, 1948
• † Spisula crassitesta (Finlay, 1927)
• Spisula discors (Gray, 1837)
• Spisula elliptica (T. Brown, 1827)
• Spisula murchisoni (Reeve, 1854)
• Spisula raveneli (Conrad, 1832)
• Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck, 1862)
• Spisula solida (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Spisula solidissima (Dillwyn, 1817) – Atlantic surfclam
• Spisula subtruncata (da Costa, 1778)
• Spisula trigonella (Lamarck, 1818)
• † Spisula voyi (Gabb, 1866)

Synonyms

• Spisula adelaidaeAngas, 1865: synonym of Anapella cycladea (Lamarck, 1818)
• Spisula aequilateralis(Deshayes, 1854) – Triangle shell: synonym of Crassula aequilatera (Reeve, 1854)
• Spisula alaskanaDall, 1921: synonym of Mactromeris polynyma (Stimpson, 1860)
• Spisula aspersa(G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of Oxyperas aspersa(G. B. Sowerby I, 1825): synonym of Oxyperas aspersum'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825)
• Spisula belliana W. R. B. Oliver, 1915: synonym of Oxyperas belliana(W. R. B. Oliver, 1915): synonym of Oxyperas bellianum (W. R. B. Oliver, 1915)
• Spisula bernardiPilsbry, 1904: synonym of Oxyperas bernardi (Pilsbry, 1904)
• Spisula camaronisDall, 1921: synonym of Mactromeris hemphillii (Dall, 1894)
• Spisula catilliformisConrad, 1867: synonym of Mactromeris catilliformis (Conrad, 1867)
• Spisula cretacea Angas, 1868: synonym of Spisula trigonella (Lamarck, 1818)
• Spisula dolabriformisConrad, 1867: synonym of Simomactra dolabriformis (Conrad, 1867) (original combination)
• Spisula fragilisGray, 1837: synonym of Standella pellucida (Gmelin, 1791)
• Spisula hemphillii(Dall, 1894): synonym of Mactromeris hemphillii (Dall, 1894)
• Spisula isabelleana (d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of Mactra isabelleana d'Orbigny, 1846
• Spisula lamarckii Gray, 1837: synonym of Eastonia rugosa (Helbling, 1779)
• Spisula lentiginosaGould, 1852: synonym of Oxyperas lentiginosa(Gould, 1852): synonym of Oxyperas lentiginosum (Gould, 1852)
• Spisula longaDall, 1921: synonym of Tresus nuttallii (Conrad, 1837)
• Spisula marplatensis(Doello-Jurado, 1949): synonym of Mactra marplatensis Doello-Jurado, 1949
• Spisula ovalis(J. Sowerby, 1817) : synonym of Spisula solida (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Spisula ovataGray, 1843: synonym of Cyclomactra ovata (Gray, 1843)
• Spisula petitii(d'Orbigny, 1846): synonym of Mactra petitii d'Orbigny, 1846
• Spisula polynyma(Stimpson, 1860): synonym of Mactromeris polynyma (Stimpson, 1860)
• Spisula productaAngas, 1868: synonym of Spisula trigonella(Lamarck, 1818)
• Spisula richmondi(Dall, 1894): synonym of Mactra petitii d'Orbigny, 1846
• Spisula sayiiGray, 1837: synonym of Spisula raveneli(Conrad, 1832)
• Spisula solanderiJ.E. Gray, 1837: synonym of Eastonia solanderi (J. E. Gray, 1837)
• Spisula strongiT. A. Burch, 1945: synonym of Simomactra planulata (Conrad, 1837)
• Spisula triangula(Brocchi, 1814): synonym of Spisula subtruncata(da Costa, 1778)
• Spisula vladivostokensisBartsch, 1929: synonym of Mactromeris polynyma (Stimpson, 1860)
• Spisula voji [sic]: synonym of † Spisula voyi(Gabb, 1866)
• Spisula williamsi(Berry, 1960): synonym of Spisula adamsiOlsson, 1961

• 
  Spisula subtruncata

References

1. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Spisula Gray, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138159 on 2022-06-20

• "Spisula". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
• Marwick J. (1948). Lower Pliocene Mollusca from Otahuhu, Auckland. New Zealand Geological Survey Palaeontological Bulletin. 16: 38 pp., 8 pl.
• Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp

External links

• Gray, J. E. (1837). A synoptical catalogue of the species of certain tribes or genera of shells contained in the collection of the British Museum and the author's cabinet. Magazine of Natural History, N.S. 1: 370-376
• Iredale, T. (1930). More notes on the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum. 17(9): 384-407, pls 62-65
• Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213