History
London's German Catholic Mission was founded in East London in 1809 to minister to the substantial German-speaking immigrant community largely employed in the sugar refining industry. [2] [3] It was predated by St George's German Lutheran Church, founded in Whitechapel in 1762.
In 1862 the German Catholic Mission moved to its current site in Adler Street, occupying a former Methodist building. Between 1873 and 1875, a new neo-Romanesque church was built to designs by John Young. [3] Damaged in a Zeppelin raid in 1917, the building was completely destroyed by enemy bombing during the London Blitz in September 1940. [1]
Rebuilding was pursued in earnest from 1952 under the impetus of Father Felix Leushacke. [4] Leushacke engaged architect and friend, Toni Hermanns of Kleve, to work up a model. When Hermanns' radical design was rejected by the Archdiocese, Leushacke turned to Donald Plaskett Marshall of Plaskett Marshall & Partners to provide a new scheme that, after much negotiation, was finally agreed in 1957. Plaskett's assured Modernist design nevertheless references Expressionist architectural trends prevalent in West German post-war ecclesiastical architecture of the period. [4] Construction began in November 1959 and concluded 12 months later ahead of consecration. [3]
Architecture
The church has a rectangular plan oriented with its altar facing south. The north-facing façade features a large abstract frieze made up of 65 individual coloured-glass windows that form a grid of black mosaic crosses on a yellow ground. The frieze is positioned above a glazed timber entrance. [1] A tall and slender bell tower clad in grey mosaic tiles stands to the north-west corner. Its upper stage is cut away on three sides to reveal four bells that were cast at the neighbouring Whitechapel Bell Foundry in 1885 and salvaged from the former church. [1] The shallow-pitched copper roof incorporates clerestory windows on all but the south elevation, forming an inset glazed gable that rises above the north-facing frieze. [3]
Beyond the full-span narthex, the interior consists of a six-bay nave painted predominantly in white, which provides seating for 200, plus an additional 60 in the gallery. [4] The wooden parquet floor contrasts with the white marble floor of the chancel. Dominating the south wall over the high altar is a large sgraffito mural executed by Heribert Reul of Kevelaer in 1960, depicting Christ in Majesty with St Boniface.
The high altar, Lady altar, tabernacle plinth, and triangular baptismal font - all in dark green marble - are also the work of Reul, installed ahead of consecration. The copper tabernacle itself - depicting a blessing hand, two fish, and five loaves - was executed by Paul van Oye. [3] The altar cross and candlesticks are by Wilhelm Polders.
Wrought-iron panels that hang on the south wall below Reul's mural were originally altar rails, designed by Reginald Lloyd - the only non-German artist commissioned to provide fittings for the church. [4] The iron gallery railing depicting the Crucifixion with the Nativity and the Resurrection form part of the same commission. Lloyd also provided the design for the large and colourful stained glass depiction of Pentecost installed in the north gable. [4]
The church preserves eleven Stations of the Cross made by Georg Lang of Oberammergau in 1912 and salvaged from the rubble of the old church. Three post-war replacements that re-complete the set were produced by the same workshop in the 1960s. [3]
Romanus Seifert & Sohn built the church organ in 1965, installed in a gallery over the north entrance. [4]
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