Stenanthera

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Stenanthera
Astroloma pinifolium.jpg
Stenanthera pinifolia in Maranoa Gardens
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Stenanthera
R.Br [1]
Type species
Stenanthera pinifolia
Synonyms [1]
  • Astroloma sect. Stenanthera(R.Br.) Benth.
  • Styphelia sect. Stenanthera(R.Br.) Drude

Stenanthera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. Most are low shrubs with leaves that are paler on the lower surface, tube-shaped flowers and with the fruit a drupe. There are three species, formerly included in the genus Astroloma .

Contents

Description

Plants in the genus Stenanthera are mainly low shrubs with leaves that are paler on the lower surface where the veins are almost parallel to palmate. The flowers are borne in leaf axils and have both male and female organs. There are bracts and bracteoles and the base of the flower and the petals are joined to form a more or less cylindrical tube. The petal lobes are triangular to egg-shaped and erect or turned backwards, usually with hairs on the inner side. The anthers protrude from the petal tube but are hidden by the petal lobes. The style is thread-like and equal in length to, or longer than the petal tube. The fruit is a drupe with a hard endocarp. [2]

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Stenanthera was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen . The type species is S. pinifolia . [3] [4] In 1868, George Bentham transferred the genus to Astroloma as Astroloma sect. Stenanthera in Flora Australiensis [5] [6] but following genetic studies in 2013, the genus Stenanthera was resurrected. [2] [7] The name of the genus comes from ancient Greek words meaning "narrow" and "flower". [8]

Species list

The following species names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at January 2020:

Distribution

Stenanthera species are found south-western Western Australia [12] [13] and in south-eastern Australia. [14] [15]

Use in horticulture

Stenantheras are difficult to grow and maintain in a garden but S. pinifolia can be propagated from cuttings and grown in well-drained soil in a semi-shaded position. [7]

Related Research Articles

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Flora of Australia is a 59 volume series describing the vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens present in Australia and its external territories. The series is published by the Australian Biological Resources Study who estimate that the series when complete will describe over 20 000 plant species. It was orchestrated by Alison McCusker.

<i>Isotoma</i> (plant)

Isotoma is a genus of annual and perennial herbs in the family Campanulaceae and are native to Australia and New Zealand.

Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen is a flora of Australia written by botanist Robert Brown and published in 1810. Often referred to as Prodromus Flora Novae Hollandiae, or by its standard botanical abbreviation Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland., it was the first attempt at a survey of the Australian flora. It described over 2040 species, over half of which were published for the first time.

<i>Astroloma</i>

Astroloma is an endemic Australian genus of around 20 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The majority of the species are endemic to Western Australia, but a few species occur in New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia.

<i>Petrophile biloba</i> Species of shrub endemic to Westerm Australia

Petrophile biloba, commonly known as granite petrophile, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southwestern Western Australia. It is a shrub with pinnately-divided leaves with sharply-pointed tips, and oval heads of hairy, mostly grey to pink flowers.

Grevillea pteridifolia is a species of Grevillea native to Australia. Common names include silky grevillea, Darwin silky oak, ferny-leaved silky oak, fern-leaved grevillea, golden grevillea, golden tree and golden parrot tree. It occurs in Western Australia, Northern Territory, and Queensland.

<i>Astroloma pinifolium</i>

Astroloma pinifolium, commonly known as pine heath, is small prostrate shrub or groundcover in the family Ericaceae endemic to eastern Australia.

<i>Persoonia laurina</i>

Persoonia laurina, commonly known as the laurel-leaved or laurel geebung, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae native to central New South Wales in eastern Australia. Found in sclerophyll forest, it grows to a height of 2 metres. The yellow flowers appear in late spring.

<i>Petrophile canescens</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae found in eastern Australia

Petrophile canescens, commonly known as conesticks, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with pinnately-divided leaves and oval heads of hairy, white to pale cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Isopogon asper</i> Species of shrub endemic to southwest Western Australia

Isopogon asper is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low shrub with crowded pinnate leaves and flattened spherical heads of glabrous pink flowers.

<i>Prostanthera rhombea</i>

Prostanthera rhombea, commonly known as sparkling mint-bush, is a plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to disjunct areas of south-eastern Australia. It is an openly-branched shrub with strongly aromatic branches, circular to heart-shaped leaves and mauve or bluish flowers.

<i>Prostanthera denticulata</i>

Prostanthera denticulata, commonly known as rough mint-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a straggling to almost prostrate, aromatic shrub with narrow egg-shaped leaves and purple to mauve flowers arranged in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets.

<i>Isopogon divergens</i> Species of shrub endemic to the southwest of Western Australia

Isopogon divergens, commonly known as spreading coneflower, is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with pinnate leaves and more or less spherical heads of glabrous pink flowers followed by an oval to cylindrical fruiting cone.

<i>Isopogon spathulatus</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae endemic to the southwest of Western Australia

Isopogon spathulatus is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-western Western Australia. It is a shrub with linear to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and more or less spherical heads of hairy pink flowers.

<i>Pimelea pauciflora</i>

Pimelea pauciflora, commonly known as poison rice-flower, is a species of shrub in the family Thymelaeaceae. It has small yellow-lime flowers, green, smooth fleshy leaves and is endemic to Eastern Australia.

<i>Triodia pungens</i> Species of plant

Triodia pungens, commonly known as soft spinifex, is a species of grass native to northwestern Australia.

Prasophyllum gibbosum, commonly known as the humped leek orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a late-flowering leek orchid with a single smooth, tubular leaf and up to eighty or more purplish-red and white flowers with a smooth labellum. It is similar to P. cucullatum but that species has a frilly labellum, usually a shorter flowering stem and an earlier flowering period.

<i>Stenanthera pinifolia</i>

Stenanthera pinifolia, commonly known as pine heath, is a species of shrub that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has narrow, linear leaves, yellow or red tubular flowers and a small edible berry.

<i>Prostanthera caerulea</i>

Prostanthera caerulea, commonly known as lilac mint bush, is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with narrow egg-shaped leaves that have toothed edges, and white to bluish mauve flowers arranged on the ends of branchlets.

<i>Prostanthera prunelloides</i>

Prostanthera prunelloides is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to eastern New South Wales. It is a shrub with four-ridged branches, egg-shaped to round leaves and white or pale mauve flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 "Stenanthera". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  2. 1 2 Messina, Andre. "Stenanthera". Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  3. "Stenanthera". APNI. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  4. Brown, Robert (1810). Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et insulae Van-Diemen, exhibens characteres plantarum quas annis 1802-1805. London: R. Taylor et socii. p. 538. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  5. "Astroloma sect. Stenanthera". APNI. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  6. Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1868). Flora Australiensis (Volume 4). London: Lovell Reeve & Co. pp. 152, 158. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  7. 1 2 "Stenanthera pinifolia". Australian Native Plants Society (Australia). Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  8. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 115. ISBN   9780958034180.
  9. "Stenanthera conostephioides". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  10. "Stenanthera pinifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  11. "Stenanthera pungens". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  12. "Brachyloma geissoloma (F.Muell.) Cranfield". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
  13. "Astroloma R.Br.Cranberry Heath". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
  14. "Astroloma conostephioides". Electronic Flora of South Australia. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
  15. Powell, J.M. (1992). "New South Wales Flora online". National Herbarium of NSW. Retrieved 13 January 2015.