Stichococcus

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Stichococcus
Ulothrixandrelatedgenera021 Stichococcus.jpg
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Clade: Viridiplantae
Division: Chlorophyta
Class: Trebouxiophyceae
Order: Prasiolales
Family: Stichococcaceae
Genus: Stichococcus
Nägeli
Species

Stichococcus is a genus of green algae in the family Stichococcaceae. [1] It is a very common algal genus found in a variety of habitats, such as tree trunks, soil, snow, freshwater and marine habitats. [2] One species, Stichococcus bacillaris is economically important as it produces fatty acids useful for biofuels. [3]

Contents

Description

Stichococcus consists of solitary cells or uniseriate filaments of few cells (2 to 4) that readily break apart. [1] The cells are cylindrical, about three times longer than wide, straight or sometimes curved, with rounded ends often containing vacuoles. Cells are uninucleate with one thin, parietal chloroplast with or without a pyrenoid. Pyrenoids if present are located in the middle of the chloroplast but usually difficult to see. Reproduction occurs by vegetative cell division, and by the fragmentation of filaments. [1] [2]

Taxonomy

Stichococcus is placed within the order Prasiolales, equivalent to the Prasiola -clade found in literature. The morphological form of Stichococcus is not monophyletic, and therefore in 2020 it was split into several genera: Protostichococcus , Deuterostichococcus , Tritostichococcus , Tetratostichococcus , and Pseudostichococcus . The similar morphology of all of these genera and species makes identification using morphology difficult or even impossible. [4] Stichococcus and its relatives produce sorbitol and sucrose as an osmolyte, when subjected to salt stress. [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prasiolales</span> Order of algae

Prasiolales is an order of green algae in the class Trebouxiophyceae. Members of this order are ecologically widespread and are found in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats from the Arctic to the Antarctic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prasiolaceae</span> Family of algae

Prasiolaceae is a family of green algae in the order Prasiolales. Members of this family are found in freshwater, terrestrial, and marine habitats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Selenastraceae</span> Family of algae

Selenastraceae is a family of green algae in the order Sphaeropleales. Members of this family are common components of the phytoplankton in freshwater habitats worldwide. A few species have been found in brackish and marine habitats, such as in the Baltic Sea.

<i>Carteria</i> Genus of algae

Carteria is a genus of green algae in the family Chlamydomonadaceae. Carteria are similar in morphology to the common genus Chlamydomonas and differ by having four, rather than two, flagella at the vegetative stage.

<i>Characium</i> Genus of algae

Characium is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae. It is very commonly found in freshwater habitats, where it is attached to phytoplankton or zooplankton.

<i>Cylindrocapsa</i> Genus of algae

Cylindrocapsa is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Chlorophyceae. It is commonly found in freshwater habitats.

Desmococcus is a genus of green algae in the family Stichococcaceae. It is a subaerial genus of algae with a cosmopolitan distribution.

Dictyochloris is a genus of green algae in the class Chlorophyceae. It is the sole genus of the family Dictyochloridaceae. It is commonly found in terrestrial and subaerial habitats.

<i>Geminella</i> (alga) Genus of algae

Geminella is a genus of green algae in the phylum Chlorophyta. Once considered part of the order Ulotrichales, molecular phylogenetics have shown that Geminella and related genera form a well-supported clade within the class Trebouxiophyceae.

<i>Gloeotila</i> Genus of algae

Gloeotila is a genus of green algae in the class Trebouxiophyceae. It is typically found in freshwater habitats, either attached to surfaces or planktonic, or found in soil.

<i>Koliella</i> Genus of algae

Koliella is a genus of green algae in the order Prasiolales. Members of this genus are found in freshwater plankton, but some are also found on snow and ice.

<i>Microthamnion</i> Genus of algae

Microthamnion is a genus of green algae in the family Microthamniaceae. It is found in freshwater habitats around the world, preferably with low levels of pollution; it is typically attached to solid substrates.

<i>Radiofilum</i> Genus of algae

Radiofilum is a genus of green algae in the class Chlorophyceae. It is a freshwater genus; they are often found in soft, boggy or acidic waters.

<i>Rosenvingiella</i> Genus of algae

Rosenvingiella is a genus of green algae in the family Prasiolaceae. Members of this genus are found in marine or terrestrial habitats.

Vitreochlamys is a genus of green algae in the family Chlamydomonadaceae. It is sometimes known by the name Sphaerellopsis, published by Aleksandr Arkadievich Korshikov. However, that name is an illegitimate later homonym, preceded by SphaerellopsisM.C.Cooke. It is commonly found in freshwater habitats.

<i>Cosmarium</i> Genus of algae

Cosmarium is a large genus of desmids (Desmidiaceae), a group of green algae closely related to the land plants (Embryophyta). Members of this genus are microscopic and found in freshwater habitats around the world.

<i>Raphidonema</i> (alga) Genus of algae

Raphidonema is a genus of filamentous green alga comprising five species. It is a member of the Trebouxiophyceae.

<i>Klebsormidium</i> Genus of algae

Klebsormidium is a genus of filamentous charophyte green algae comprising 20 species. The name was proposed in 1972 to resolve confusion in application and status of Hormidium and was given for the German botanist Georg Albrecht Klebs.

<i>Phyllosiphon</i> Genus of algae

Phyllosiphon is a genus of green algae in the class Trebouxiophyceae. Unusually among the green algae, members of Phyllosiphon are often parasitic within the leaves of Araceae, causing necrosis. It has a mostly tropical to subtropical distribution, and is found primarily in the Mediterranean region, but has also been isolated in North America, Australia, Africa, and China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Koliellaceae</span> Family of algae

Koliellaceae is a family of green algae in the order Prasiolales.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Stichococcus". AlgaeBase . University of Galway . Retrieved 2025-01-04.
  2. 1 2 John, David M.; Rindi, Fabio (2014). "Chapter 8. Filamentous (Nonconjugating) and Plantlike Green Algae". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.). Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc. ISBN   978-0-12-385876-4.
  3. 1 2 Van, Anh Tu; Karsten, Ulf; Glaser, Karin (2021). "A chemosystematic investigation of selected Stichococcus-like organisms (Trebouxiophyta)". Algae. 36 (2): 123–135. doi: 10.4490/algae.2021.36.6.5 .
  4. Pröschold, Thomas; Darienko, Tatyana (2020). "The green puzzle Stichococcus (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta): New generic and species concept among this widely distributed genus". Phytotaxa. 441 (2): 113–142. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.2.