| Sulzbacheromyces tutunendo | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Lepidostromatales |
| Family: | Lepidostromataceae |
| Genus: | Sulzbacheromyces |
| Species: | S. tutunendo |
| Binomial name | |
| Sulzbacheromyces tutunendo Coca, Lücking & B.Moncada (2018) | |
Sulzbacheromyces tutunendo is a species of basidiolichen in the family Lepidostromataceae. [1] It is found in Colombia.
Sulzbacheromyces tutunendo was formally described as new to science in 2018 by Luis Coca, Robert Lücking, and Bibiana Moncada. The species name tutunendo refers to its type locality, the village of Tutunendo near Quibdó, Colombia. The name derives from an Embera word meaning "river of aromas". It is closely related to but genetically distinct from S. chocoensis , which occurs in the same region. [2]
The lichen forms a crustose (crust-like) thallus that grows on soil and rotting wood. The thallus is olive green in colour and measures 20–60 μm thick. It has a distinctive thick outer layer of fungal threads (hyphae) that forms a "cortex", with air pockets inside the structure. The photobiont (the algal partner) consists of rounded to ellipsoid chlorococcoid cells grouped together, measuring 5–9 by 9–11 μm.
The most distinctive features are its reproductive structures called basidiomata, which are orange to yellowish-orange, cylindrical to slightly spindle-shaped projections that often branch above their middle section. These structures measure 6–15 mm in height and 1–2 mm in diameter, typically ending in curled tips. [2]
Sulzbacheromyces tutunendo has thus far only been found in the Chocó Biogeographic Region of Colombia, specifically near the village of Tutunendo. It grows in tropical rainforest environments, where it can be found on both soil and rotting wood substrates , sometimes occurring on mixed substrates. Unlike its close relative S. chocoensis, which is found exclusively on soil, S. tutunendo shows more flexibility in its habitat preferences. The species is considered sympatric with S. chocoensis, meaning both species occur in the same geographical area. [2]
Sticta is a genus of lichens in the family Peltigeraceae. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in tropical areas, and includes about 114 species. These lichens have a leafy appearance, and are colored brown or black. Sticta species with cyanobacteria as photobionts can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, and due to their relative abundance and high turnover, they contribute appreciably to the rainforest ecosystem. They are commonly called spotted felt lichens.
Lepidostromatales is an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. It is the only known order of basidiomycete fungi composed entirely of lichenized members. Morphologically, the fruiting bodies of all species are clavarioid. Six species are known, five of which were described within the span of 2007–2013. Due to its morphological similarity to the genus Multiclavula, its isolated phylogenetic position was not understood until quite recently. The photobionts that have been found in association with members of this group are not known to associate with any other types of lichenized fungi.
Ertzia is a monospecific genus in the family Lepidostromataceae. The sole species is Ertzia akagerae, a basidiolichen. The genus was circumscribed in 2014 by Brendan Hodkinson and Robert Lücking. Ertzia is distinguished from all other lichenized clavarioid fungi by having a microsquamulose thallus that forms contiguous glomerules with a cortex of jigsaw puzzle-shaped cells. Ertzia akagerae grows on soil in the African tropics.
Sulzbacheromyces is a genus of basidiolichens in the family Lepidostromataceae. The genus is distinguished from the other genera of Lepidostromataceae by having an entirely crustose thallus and from Multiclavula (Cantharellales) by having a chlorococcoid photobiont. The type species grows on soil in the neotropics.
Dictyonema hernandezii is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in montane rainforests of Costa Rica and in Colombia, it was described as new to science in 2011. The specific epithet hernandezii honours Venezuelan lichenologist Jesús Hernández.
Cora hirsuta is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in the páramo region near Bogotá at over 3,000 m (9,800 ft) elevation, it was described as new to science in 2011. The lichen, characterised by its distinctively hairy upper surface and smaller lobes, thrives in a variety of habitats, including soil, bryophytes, and as epiphytes on trees.
Cora is a large genus of basidiolichens in the family Hygrophoraceae. Modern molecular phylogenetics research has revealed a rich biodiversity in this largely tropical genus.
Cora applanata is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Edier Soto-Medina, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet refers to its applanate (flattened) thallus. The lichen is widely distributed in tropical montane areas of the northern Andes, where it grows on soil along open road banks and on land slides.
Cora arachnodavidea is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Manuela Dal Forno, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet alludes to the arachnoid surface of the thallus, and also refers to mycologist David Leslie Hawksworth. The lichen is only known to occur in the páramo of Guasca in Colombia, where it grows on the ground in sheltered places between plants and bryophytes.
Cora barbifera is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Ayda Lucía Patiño, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet barbifera refers to the dense setae on the thallus surface, which somewhat resembles a beard. The lichen is known to occur only at the type locality in the páramo of Cerro Negro, Colombia, where it grows as an epiphyte on paramo shrubs. Cora hirsuta and C. schizophylloides are closely related species.
Cora gigantea is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Robert Lücking Bibiana Moncada, and Luis Fernando Coca. The specific epithet gigantea refers the large size of the thallus, and indirectly references David Leslie Hawksworth, who the authors describe as "a giant in mycology and lichenology". The lichen occurs in the mountainous cloud forests of Colombia at elevations around 2,500 m (8,200 ft), where it grows on the ground and between bryophyte and lichen mats.
Cora urceolata is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Found in Colombia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Bibiana Moncada, Luis Fernando Coca, and Robert Lücking. The specific epithet urceolata refers to the strongly concave ("urceolate") lobes of the lichen. It occurs in páramo regions of central Colombia, where it grows on the ground with bryophytes and other lichens.
Lobariella sipmanii is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in high-altitude páramo in Cundinamarca, Colombia.
Sticta atroandensis is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in the Colombian Andes.
Sticta viviana is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in Colombia, where it grows on the branches and twigs of shrubs and treelets in high-elevation páramo habitat.
Dictyonema obscuratum is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae. Originally discovered in Brazil and later recorded in Bolivia and Colombia, its cryptic, olive-green thallus sets it apart from similar species like Dictyonema phyllophilum and D. schenckianum.
Lobariella reticulata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It is found in Colombia.
Pseudocyphellaria hirsuta is a species of foliose lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. First described in 1835, it has undergone several taxonomic revisions over nearly two centuries. The lichen forms a flat, leaf-like structure (thallus) that can grow up to 27 cm in diameter, typically appearing grey or brown and covered in fine hairs. It is characterised by small pore-like structures called pseudocyphellae on its lower surface, which can be yellow or, less commonly, white. P. hirsuta grows mainly on trees in forested areas, particularly those dominated by southern beech (Nothofagus) species, but can also be found on rocks, soil, and stumps. The species is widely distributed in Argentina and Chile, from central regions to Tierra del Fuego, and has been observed in various forest types and elevations.
Sulzbacheromyces chocoensis is a species of soil-dwelling basidiolichen in the family Lepidostromataceae. It forms a thin, olive-green crust on clay soil and produces distinctive unbranched, reddish-orange to yellowish reproductive structures. The species was described in 2018 from specimens collected in Colombia's Chocó Biogeographic Region, where it grows in tropical rainforest environments.
Sulzbacheromyces caatingae is a species of basidiolichen in the family Lepidostromataceae. Discovered in 2012 in northeastern Brazil, it is characterised by its thin green crustose thallus and distinctive orange-pink, club-shaped reproductive structures. The species has a broad ecological amplitude, occurring across different vegetation types from the semi-arid Caatinga to humid Atlantic Forest fragments, where it grows on soil banks and termite nests near forest edges. As the type species of the genus Sulzbacheromyces, it represents a unique evolutionary lineage within the order Lepidostromatales and can be distinguished from similar-looking species by its undifferentiated thallus structure and association with green algae.