| Supramontana | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Supramontana irritata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Platyhelminthes |
| Order: | Tricladida |
| Family: | Geoplanidae |
| Subfamily: | Geoplaninae |
| Genus: | Supramontana Carbayo & Leal-Zanchet, 2003 |
| Type species | |
| Supramontana irritata Carbayo & Leal-Zanchet, 2003 | |
Supramontana is a genus of land planarians from South America.
The genus Supramontana is characterized by the presence of a cephalic retractor muscle not associated with cephalic glands. This muscle is similar to the one found in the genera Issoca and Luteostriata , but in Supramontana the organ lacks cephalic glands, which are present in the other two genera. [1]
The copulatory apparatus of Supramontana has a permanent penis papilla and a long common ovovitelloduct. [2]
The name Supramontana comes from the Latin words supra (on the top) and montanus (of the mountains). It is a reference to the type-locality of Supramontana irritata , the city of São Francisco de Paula, in Southern Brazil, whose previous name was São Francisco de Paula de Cima da Serra (on the top of the mountains). [2]
There are two described species in the genus Supramontana: [3]
A molecular study on the phylogeny of the subfamily Geoplaninae nested the genus Supramontana inside the genus Luteostriata. The two genera formed a monophyletic clade with the genus Issoca . [4] The clade is supported by at least one synapomorphy, the presence of a cephalic retractor muscle derived from the longitudinal cutaneous ventral musculature that anteriorly dissipates by detaching its fibers, making them open in a fan-like fashion towards the body margins. [1] [4]
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Geoplanidae is a family of flatworms known commonly as land planarians or land flatworms.
Geoplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians endemic to the Neotropical region.
Luteostriata is a genus of land planarians from Brazil characterized by a yellow body with dark longitudinal stripes.
Obama is a genus of land planarians from South America. It contains several species adapted to human-disturbed environments, including the only invasive land planarian native to the Neotropical realm, Obama nungara, which has been accidentally introduced in Europe.
The reproductive system of planarians is broadly similar among different families, although the associated structures can vary in complexity.
Choeradoplana is a genus of land planarians found in South America.
Cephaloflexa is a genus of land planarians from Brazil.
Imbira is a genus of land planarians found in South America.
Cratera is a genus of land planarians found in South America.
Pasipha is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Notogynaphallia is a genus of land planarians from South America.
Issoca is a genus of land planarians from Brazil.
Luteostriata abundans is a species of Brazilian land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is a common species in human-disturbed areas in Brazil's southernmost state, Rio Grande do Sul.
Obama anthropophila is a species of Brazilian land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is a very common land planarian in human-disturbed environments in southern and southeastern Brazil.
Imbira guaiana is a species of land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is the type species of the genus Imbira and is found in Brazil.
Luteostriata ernesti is a species of Brazilian land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae.
Luteostriata ceciliae is a species of Brazilian land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae.
Supramontana irritata is a species of Brazilian land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is the type species of the genus Supramontana.
Cephaloflexa araucariana is a species of land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae found in Brazil.
Choeradoplana iheringi is a species of land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae found in Brazil.
