Chaenotheca is a genus of lichenized fungi within the family Coniocybaceae. The sexual reproduction structures are a mass of loose ascospores that are enclosed by a cup shaped exciple sitting on top of a tiny stalk, having the appearance of a dressmaker's pin, hence the common name pin lichen. Genus members are also commonly called needle lichens.
Aspicilia is a genus of mostly crustose areolate lichens that grow on rock. Most members have black apothecia discs that are slightly immersed in the areolas, hence the common name.
The Mycocaliciaceae are a family of seven genera and about 90 species of fungi in the order Mycocaliciales.
Tetramelas is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Caliciaceae.
Microcalicium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the order Pertusariales. It is the only genus in the monotypic family Microcaliciaceae. These taxa were circumscribed by the Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio in 1927, with Microcalicium disseminatum assigned as the type species.
Tylophoron is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arthoniaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1862 by Finnish lichenologist William Nylander.
Mycocalicium is a genus of fungi in the family Mycocaliciaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio in 1890.
Stenocybe is a genus of fungi in the family Mycocaliciaceae. It has 14 species.
The Caliciaceae are a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. Although the family has had its classification changed several times throughout its taxonomic history, the use of modern molecular phylogenetic methods have helped to establish its current placement in the order Caliciales. Caliciaceae contains 36 genera and about 600 species. The largest genus is Buellia, with around 300 species; there are more than a dozen genera that contain only a single species.
Circinaria is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Megasporaceae. It was circumscribed by Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link in 1809.
Chaenothecopsis vainioana is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Caliciaceae that is found in Europe. It was first formally described by Czech lichenologist Josef Nádvorník in 1940 as a member of the genus Calicium. The specific epithet honours Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio. Leif Tibell transferred it to genus Chaenothecopsis in 1979. Calicium vainioanum has been reported growing on Arthonia, Lecanactis abietina, and Calicium salicinum.
Rolf Santesson (1916–2013) was a Swedish lichenologist and university lecturer. He was awarded the Acharius Medal in 1992 for his lifetime contributions to lichenology.
Leif Tibell is a Swedish lichenologist and Emeritus Professor at the University of Uppsala. He is known for his expertise on calicioid lichens. He was awarded the Acharius Medal in 2012 for lifetime achievements in lichenology.
Circinaria caesiocinerea is a species of lichen belonging to the family Megasporaceae. It was first described as Lecanora caesiocinerea in 1869 by William Nylander, but was transferred to the genus Circinaria in 2010 by Anders Nordin, Sanja Savić, and Leif Tibell.
Circinaria calcarea is a species of crustose lichen in the family Megasporaceae. It was first described as a new species by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum. Linnaeus named it Lichen calcareus, as he classified all lichens in the eponymously named genus. The species has had an extensive taxonomic history, resulting in dozens of synonyms. In 2010, it was placed in its current genus, Circinaria, following molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Megasporaceae.
Tetramelas confusus is a species of crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Found in the South Island of New Zealand, it was formally described as a new species in 2002 by Anders Nordin. The type specimen was collected by David J. Galloway in Old Man Range (Otago) at an elevation of 1,200 m (3,900 ft). The lichen is only known to occur in the Central Otago mountains, where it grows in alpine grasslands on dead grass, plant detritus, and old rabbit droppings. It has a thin, creamy-white to greyish-white thallus that spreads irregularly. Its ascospores are ellipsoid in shape, thin-walled with a single septum, and measure 13–25 by 5–7·5 μm. Secondary chemicals found in the lichen include 6-O-methylarthothelin (major) and atranorin (minor). Similar species include T. papillatus, T. insignis, and T. graminicolus.
Atla is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Verrucariaceae. It has nine species that grow on rocks or on soil.
Sporodictyon is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Verrucariaceae. It has 10 species. Most species grow on rocks, although some have been recorded overgrowing soil and mosses.
Claude Roux is a French lichenologist, mycologist and Esperantist. He has co-authored books about the identification of lichens written in Esperanto.
Atla wheldonii is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. Found in Europe, it was formally described as a new species in 1947 by William Gladstone Travis from specimens collected from sand dunes in Lancashire, England, in 1924. Sanja Savić and Leif Tibell transferred the taxon to genus Atla in 2008 following molecular phylogenetic analysis that showed that it, along with three other Northern European species, comprised a distinct clade in the Verrucariacae.
